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Michelson-Morley Physics.|ˌmaɪkəlsən ˈmɔəlɪ|
The names of A. A. Michelson (see prec.) and E. W. Morley (1838–1923), U.S. chemist and physicist, used attrib. to designate an experiment first performed by them in 1887 in which a beam of light is divided into two parts which are made to travel over paths at right angles to one another before being reunited, the behaviour of the resulting interference fringes (e.g. when the whole apparatus is rotated through 90 degrees) showing that the speed of light is the same in both directions, in contrast to what would be expected if the earth were in motion through an ‘ether’; so Michelson-Morley apparatus.
1913O. Lodge Continuity 20 Many forms of statement of the famous Michelson-Morley experiment are misleading. 1925I. A. Richards Princ. Lit. Crit. x. 71 No new facts nor any new hypotheses—no Michelson-Morley experiment, nor any widened purview—led up to the separate value theory of art. 1965D. Bohm Special Theory of Relativity xxii. 107 The Michelson-Morley experiment may be regarded as an excellent confirmation of the Lorentz contraction. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. VII. 505/1 The Michelson-Morley apparatus..consists of a horizontal Michelson interferometer with its two arms at right angles. |