| 释义 |
‖ miasma|maɪˈæzmə|
Pl. miasmata |maɪˈæzmətə|, miasmas.
[mod.L., a. Gr. µίασµα pollution, related to µιαίνειν to pollute. Cf. F. miasme.]
Infectious or noxious exhalations from putrescent organic matter; poisonous particles or germs floating in and polluting the atmosphere; noxious emanations, esp. malaria.
1665Needham Med. Medicinæ 395 The Miasma or Malign Inquination of blood and humors. 1720Quincy tr. Hodges' Loimologia 54 The pestilential Miasmata may be destroyed by the occursion of others. 1827Macculloch Malaria i. 1 It has long been familiar to physicians that there was produced by..marshes and swamps, a poisonous and æriform substance, the cause, not only of ordinary fevers, but of intermittents; and to this unknown agent of disease the term marsh miasma has been applied. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India II. 20 The deadly miasmata which render the forests on the skirts of the hills utterly impassable. 1862Merivale Rom. Emp. xxxiv. (1865) IV. 181 Sardinia..was afflicted by a pestilential miasma. 1882‘Ouida’ Maremma I. 35 It was full of miasma and fever in the hot season.
fig.1836Hor. Smith Tin Trump., Mor. Cholera, It seems to be the object of these institutions to propagate and disseminate the miasmata of vice instead of preventing their circulation. 1878Smiles Robt. Dick ii. 13 The noxious miasmas that poison the whole human heart. |