| 释义 |
▪ I. metaplasm1|ˈmɛtəplæz(ə)m|
[ad. L. metaplasmus (app. used by Quintilian in the sense of rhetorical figure), Gr. µεταπλασµ-ός (explained by L. & Sc. as the formation of cases or tenses from a stem different from that of the nom. or pres.), f. µεταπλάσσειν: see prec.]
a. Rhet. The transposition of words from their usual or natural order.
b. Gram. The alteration of a word by addition, removal or transposition of letters or syllables. Also, the formation of oblique cases from a stem other than that of the nominative.
[1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) VI. 183 Of the rewles of feete metricalle, of metaplasmus, of dialog metricalle.] 1617Collins Def. Bp. Ely ii. x. 475 So fares it in this Metaplasme of names many times: Dignos et indignos non iam discernit dignitas, sed confundit. 1758Nugent tr. Port Royal's Method Lat. Tongue I. 327 This Metaplasm or transformation is made by adding, taking away, or changing, either a letter, or a syllable. 1889Hanssen in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. X. 39 Intercalarius (but it is possible that this latter is simply a metaplasm for intercalaris).
▪ II. metaplasm2 Biol.|ˈmɛtəplæz(ə)m|
[f. meta- + -plasm as in protoplasm.]
That part of protoplasm which contains the formative material.
1875Bennett & Dyer tr. Sachs' Bot. 41 note, J. Hanstein gives to the substances mingled with the true protoplasm and which undergo many transformations, the collective name of ‘Metaplasm’. 1877Ray Lankester in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. XVII. 403 Granular matter, which as metaplasm is distinguished from the hyaline protoplasm in which such granules float. |