| 释义 |
repercussion|riːpəˈkʌʃən|
Also 6 -par-.
[a. F. répercussion (14th c.), or ad. L. repercussiōnem, n. of action f. repercutĕre: see repercuss v.]
1. The action of a thing in forcing or driving back an impinging or advancing body; also, the power of doing this. Now rare.
1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. Cosmogr. xv, This goume is generat of see froith, quhilk is cassin vp be continewal repercussion of craggis aganis the see wallis. 1601Holland Pliny I. 11 The vapor thereof by repercussion, forceth them [the planets] to be evidently retrograde, and goe backward. 1601Bp. W. Barlow Defence 3 A man cannot fasten..any maine stroke and visible vpon soft and yeelding bodies, in that they haue no repercussion. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacræ iii. ii. §17 Because of the repercussion of other Atoms..they receive such knocks as make them quiet in their places. 1712Blackmore Creation iv. (ed. 2) 172 They various Ways recoil, and swiftly flow By mutual Repercussions to and fro. 1799Kirwan Geol. Ess. 77 From the opposition it must have met in these mountainous tracts, and the repercussion of their craggy sides, eddies must have been formed.
†2.
a. Med. The action of forcing back or driving away by the application of remedies; the operation of repelling (humours, swellings, etc.) from a particular part of the body; also, a medicine or application used for this purpose. Obs.
1541R. Copland Guydon's Form. R ij b, The seconde [intention]..is fulfylled by repercussyon at the begynnynge. 1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1653) 229 Mercurie..For repercussion thou win'st praise. 1663Boyle Wks. (1772) VI. 372, I should prefer that method in agues before any violent repercussions though it were the famous febrifuga called Jesuits' bark. 1671Salmon Syn. Med. i. xlii. 93 The proper..Nourishment of the Similary Parts is done by..Repercussion not by Attraction. 1727Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Tumour, The other [method] is to stop and repel 'em; which is call'd Repercussion, that sends 'em back to their Source.
†b. The forcing back of flame by blowing upon it. Also fig. Obs. rare.
1628Bp. Hall Old Relig. 9 Like as the repercussion of the flame intends it more. 1633― Occas. Medit. (1851) 28 O God, if thy bellows did not sometimes thus breathe upon me, in spiritual repercussions.
3. a. Repulse or recoil of a thing after impact; the fact of being forced or driven back by a resisting body.
1553Brende Q. Curtius viii. 174 b, The streame..apering by the reparcussion of the water in manye places to be ful of great stones in the bottome. 1604Drayton Owle (1619) 1137 That (with the Repercussion of the Aire) Shooke the great Eagle sitting in his Chaire. 1672Phil. Trans. VII. 5148 The other Secondary Affections of Winds; as their Undulation, Repercussion from Promontories, Opposition, &c. 1692Ray Disc. ii. v. (1693) 205 After much thunder and roaring by the allision and repercussion of the flame against and from the sides of the Caverns. 1760–72tr. Juan & Ulloa's Voy. (ed. 3) I. 371 The waters are violently carried against the rocks: and in their repercussion, form dangerous whirlpools. 1793A. Murphy Tacitus (1805) VII. 11 By the repercussion bursting out with redoubled force.
b. fig. or in fig. context.
1625Jackson Creed v. xiii. §3 This certainty can never be wrought but by a repercussion of the engraffed notion upon itself. 1639G. Daniel Ecclus. xxiii. 75 A mighty wall As Diamond Solid, where all Sence must fall With repercussion. 1869J. D. Baldwin Preh. Nations iv. (1877) 138 Their action..has entered the current of European affairs indirectly only, and by repercussion. 1880Swinburne Stud. Shaks. (ed. 2) 79 The injury done her cousin, which by the repercussion of its shock..serves to transfigure..the whole bright light nature of Beatrice.
c. Med. = ballottement.
1860Tanner Pregnancy ii. 94 Ballottement, or repercussion, is a valuable means of acquiring information as to the existence of pregnancy. 1889J. M. Duncan Lect. Dis. Women vii. (ed. 4) 39 Feeling ballotement or repercussion, hearing the fœtal movements.
4. a. The return or reverberation of a sound; echo, echoing noise.
1595Locrine iii. vi, Where every echo's repercussion May help me to bewail mine overthrow. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Sculler Wks. iii. 28/1 The Ecchoes of his groanings seem'd to sound, With repercussion of his dying plaines. 1713Derham Phys.-Theol. iv. iii. 119 To bridle the Evagation of the Sound—but not to make a Confusion thereof, by any disagreeable Repercussions. 1760–72tr. Juan & Ulloa's Voy. (ed. 3) I. 95 This dreadful noise is prolonged by repercussions from the caverns of the mountains. 1855J. H. Newman Callista (1890) 309 Like the echo which is a repercussion of the original voice.
transf.1650Howell Lett. III. 4 Let our letters be as eccho's: let them bound back, and make mutuall repercussions. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 23 ⁋6 Taste and Grace..sounds which..have since been re-echoed without meaning..by a constant repercussion from one coxcomb to another.
b. Mus. (See quots.)
1609J. Dowland Ornithop. Microl. 12 The Repercussion, which by Guido is called a Trope, and the proper and fit melodie of each Tone. Or it is the proper interuall of each Tone. 1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v., Of these three chords the two extremes, i.e. the final and the predominant one (which are properly the repercussions of each mode). 1872Banister Music §391 During the successive entries of the Subject and Answer, the other parts continue with counterpoints,..and this entry of all the parts constitutes the Exposition (or Repercussion), exhibiting the material of which the Fugue is to be formed. 1889Grove's Dict. Mus. IV. 139/1 (Tonal Fugue) The alternation of the Subject with the Answer—called its Repercussion..—is governed by necessary, though somewhat elastic laws.
5. a. The action of a substance in reflecting light; † colour resulting from such reflection.
1601Holland Pliny II. 541 A certain blacke vernish which..by the repercussion thereof..gaue an excellent glosse and pleasant lustre to the colors. 1665Manley Grotius' Low C. Warres 474 Some thick Clouds received its opposite light, and there dispersed the same by repercussion. 1665Sir. T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 30 A number of Fish, whose glistering shells made that artificial light in the night, and gave the Sea a white repercussion. 1845De Quincey Wordsw.'s Poetry Wks. 1857 VI. 242 What would the sun be itself,..if its glory were not endlessly..thrown back by atmospheric repercussions?
b. Reflection of beams, rays, etc. Also without of. (Common in 17th c.)
1601Holland Pliny II. 110 Certaine buttons..which with the repercussion and reverberation of the Sun-beames, doe shine againe like resplendent gold. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 257 Vpon a house top..where the repercussion of the Sunne did worke vpon them. 1653More Antid. Ath. ii. xii. §3 That the rays may not be returned; for such a repercussion would make the sight more confused. 1693J. Edwards Author. O. & N. Test. 142 By reflection and repercussion of the sun's rays. 1825Coleridge Aids Refl. 40 Aph. v, Our election from God is but the repercussion of the beams of his love shining upon us.
†c. A reflection of something. Obs. rare—1.
1646J. Hall Horæ Vac. 58 As in a Christall, there is a perfect Repercussion of a Mans visage.
6. a. A blow or stroke given in return; also fig. a return of any kind of action, a responsive act, a resulting effect or implication; an unwanted or unintended reverberation. Freq. pl.
1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 188 When our eies be sore..we turne away our sight unto those bodies and colours which make no reverberation or repercussion backe againe upon it. 1615H. Crooke Body of Man 611 The bones strike the Nerue,..The same Nerue makes a repercussion vpon the Membrane. 1641Earl of Monmouth tr. Biondi's Civil Warres v. 92 The subject whereon shee had to worke being hard and apt to resist, made her subject to repercussions. a1684Leighton Ps. xxxix. Wks. (1835) 312 Observing others to improve the good and evil we see in them,..looking on them to make the repercussion stronger on ourselves. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 148 ⁋5 Tenderness once excited will be hourly increased by the..repercussion of communicated pleasure. 1831Lamb Elia, Ser. ii. Shade of Elliston, Natural re-percussions, and results to be expected from the assumed extravagances of..mock life. 1906Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Jan. 1 The disasters of Tsardom in the Japanese war have had a repercussion all over Europe. 1935Times 5 July 15/3 The direct effects and indirect repercussions of any projected action. 1948Hansard Commons 26 Jan. 673 All practical measures will be adopted..to minimise repercussions upon other unconvertible European currencies. 1969T. F. Torrance Theol. Sci. ii. 85 The inclusion of that fact in the Reformation doctrine of the Grace of God had immense repercussions. 1978Lancashire Life Oct. 96/1 If the strike could be expected to ‘bite’ anywhere, with anarchic repercussions, Merseyside was the place.
†b. The action of returning a blow. Obs.—1
1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 480 The law of repercussion and retalion tooke no place.
†7.
a. A repeated blow. Obs. rare—1.
1621G. Sandys Ovid's Met. xii. (1626) 244 Rhœtus..aggrauates his wound With repercussions of his burning brand.
b. A repeated attack of pain. rare—1.
1796Burns Let. to Thomson Apr., I have only..counted time by the repercussions of pain. |