| 释义 |
mentalism rare.|ˈmɛntəlɪz(ə)m|
[f. mental a.1 + -ism.]
1. A process of the nature of mental action.
1874H. Maudsley Mental Dis. vii. 243 Deranged nervous function—a deranged mentalism, if I may be permitted to coin such a word—of an epileptic or allied nature. 1885H. C. McCook Tenants of an Old Farm 134 An order of mentalism which seems to differ from human thinking more in degree than in kind.
2. (See quot. a 1900.) Esp. the theory that physical and physiological phenomena are ultimately only explicable in terms of a creative and interpretative mind.
a1900Sidgwick in Mind (1901) Jan. 20 It may be held broadly that ‘matter in ultimate analysis is a mode of mind or consciousness’, without raising the question of a conscious self or subject... Such view I think is often called Idealism. I propose to label it ‘Mentalism’ in broad antithesis to ‘Materialism’. If, again, the ‘Mentalist's’ ontology expressly excludes the notion of self or subject..then perhaps we may designate him as an atomistic Mentalist. 1917A. S. Pringle-Pattison Idea of God xx. 392 The position is open..to the general objections which have been brought against Monadism and Mentalism. 1932Times Lit. Suppl. 28 Apr. 314/4 Scientists who repudiate mechanism only to involve themselves in thoroughpaced mentalism. 1954Essays in Crit. IV. 235 But MacNeice has tried mentalism and so raged against it..that he nearly knocked his brains out with rhyme. Therefore we must settle for monadism. 1964Language XL. 124 Linguists who conceive of their science as a discipline..often pride themselves on their freedom from mentalism. But freedom from mentalism is an inherent feature of the taxonomic conception of linguistics. 1972Ibid. XLVIII. 418 Writing grammars..was motivated for Boas by a theoretical concern, a ‘mentalism’ derived partly from the German tradition of Herder, Humboldt, [etc.]. 1973Word 1970 XXVI. 93 We can arrive at a knowledge of the signifié independently of the particular signifiant under study, yet still avoid mentalism. |