| 释义 |
anthra- Chem.
Abbreviation of anthracene (or stem anthrac-) forming compound names of the anthracene derivatives. The chief are:— anthrachrysone |-ˈkraɪsəʊn| [Gr. χρυσός gold], one of the tetra-oxy-anthraquinones, obtained as a golden-yellow crystalline powder, by the dry distillation of dioxybenzoic acid. anthraflavic |-ˈflævɪk| acid, and anthraflavone |-ˈfleɪvəʊn| [L. flāvus yellow], two di-oxy-anthraquinones, isomeric with alizarine, the former crystallizing in bright yellow silky needles, the latter in small yellow needles; the salts of the former are anthraflavates. anthraˈnilic [anil] acid, systematically called Phenyl-carbamic, C7H7NO2, obtained from indigo. anthraphenol |-ˈfiːnɒl|, a derivative of anthracene, in which one H atom is replaced by HO, having the two metameric modifications ˈanthrol, and ˈanthranol. anthraˈpurpurin [purpurin], a red colouring matter obtained from artificial alizarin. anthraquinone |-ˈkwɪnəʊn|, C14H8O2{pp}, a compound related to anthracene as quinone is to benzene, produced by oxidation of anthracene, hence also called oxy-anthracene; it crystallizes in pale yellow needles, and is of great importance as the immediate source of artificial alizarin. It has numerous compounds, as nitro-, and oxy-anthraquinones, etc.
1875Watts Dict. Chem. VII. 86 Anthrachrysone dyes on iron-mordants a brown colour. Ibid. 87 Barium anthraflavate crystallises in reddish-brown hydrated needles. Ibid. Alkaline, as well as alcoholic solutions of anthraflavic acid, absorb the blue end of the spectrum very powerfully. 1879Ibid. VIII. 107 Anthraflavone acts like a bibasic acid. 1881Roscoe in Nature XXIV. 228 By boiling indigo with soda and manganese dioxide, Fritzsche obtained..as he then [1841] termed it, anthranilic acid. 1879Watts Dict. Chem. VIII. 97 α–Anthrol crystallises in brilliant yellow needles..β–Anthrol..in yellow prisms.— Anthranol crystallizes in yellowish needles. 1875Ure Dict. Arts I. 195 The anthrapurpurin reds being much purer and less blue, whilst the purples are bluer and the blacks more intense than those with alizarine. 1869Roscoe Elem. Chem. xxxix. 424 Both [alizarine and purpurine] are hydroxyl derivatives of anthraquinone, and they can both be reduced to anthracene by the action of zinc dust. 1881Athenæum 17 Dec. 819/2 Artificial alizarine is prepared at the positive pole from a mixture of anthraquinone and caustic potash.
Add: anthraˈcycline n. [H. & H. Brockmann 1963, in Chem. Ber. XCVI. 1776], any of a class of antibiotics containing a tetrahydrotetracenequinone chromophore, which inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis.
1964L. Mitscher et al. in Jrnl. Pharmaceutical Sci. LIII. 1139 (heading) Ruticulomycins, new *anthracycline antibiotics. 1987R. P. Elander in Bu'lock & Kristiansen Basic Biotechnol. viii. 219 The use of aminoglycoside, anthracycline and polyene antibiotics has been reported useful in the isolation of rare actinomycetes.
Add: anthraˈnilate, a salt or ester of anthranilic acid.
1845W. Gregory Outl. Chem.: Org. Chem. 474 The latter [sc. anthranilic acid] is purified in the form of *anthranilate of potash. 1924Times Trade & Engin. Suppl. 29 Nov. 243/2 Quite a number of changes have taken place among perfumery chemicals, and eugenol.., methyl anthranilate.., musk xylol.., and phenyl ethyl acetate..have all advanced. 1988BioFactors I. 297/1 A number of mutants were unable to grow on anthranilate.
anthranilate synthetase Biochem., an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of charismic acid to anthranilic acid, which is a precursor of tryptophan.
1965J. A. DeMoss in Jrnl. Biol. Chem. CCXL. 1235/2 It is proposed that a single enzyme, *anthranilate synthetase, catalyses the conversion of chorismic acid to anthranilic acid in N. crassa. 1968A. White et al. Princ. Biochem (ed. 4) xxiv. The activity of anthranilate synthetase from E. coli..is inhibited by tryptophan; in yeast, the amino acid both inhibits and represses the enzyme. 1990Embo Jrnl. IX. 2762/1 An antibody was obtained against a hybrid protein consisting of residues 117 to 277..of the COX11 product fused to the amino terminal 323 residues of Escherichia coli component l of anthranilate synthetase. |