| 释义 |
matross Mil. Obs. exc. Hist.|məˈtrɒs|
Also 7 matroze, montross, 8–9 mattross.
[a. Du. matroos sailor (whence G. matrose, Da., Sw. matros), app. a corruption of F. matelot sailor.]
A soldier next in rank below the gunner in a train of artillery, who acted as a kind of assistant or mate.
In the U.S. the term was synonymous with private of artillery.
1639in Grose Milit. Antiq. (1786) I. 373 Captain of the pioneers, Quarter master, Four conductors of the matrozes, Forty matrozes. 1646in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iv. I. 252 To execute Martial Law..upon all Gunners Matrosses and Soldiers there in pay. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 38 There being in pay..of English and Portuguez, 700. reckoning the Montrosses and Gunners. 1745Gentl. Mag. 249 Artillery: Wounded—1 conductor, 2 serjeants..13 matrosses. 1787Kent. Trav. Companion 24 A laboratory, where the mattrosses are employed in the composition of fireworks and cartridges. 1793Stat. Massachussetts 22 June [in force until 1810], Each company of Artillery shall consist of one Captain, two Lieutenants,..six Gunners, six Bombardiers,..and thirty two privates or Matrosses. 1800Dundas in Owen Wellesley's Desp. (1877) 564 Each company to have an additional Lieut.-Fireworker, and ten additional matrosses. 1815Chron. App. in Ann. Reg. 212 Total of killed and wounded..11 mattrosses. 1876–7J. Grant Hist. India I. vii. 40/1 The battery was guarded..by only fifty sepoys and a few European matrosses. |