| 释义 |
▪ I. maslin1 Now dial.|ˈmæzlɪn|
Forms: 1 mæstlin(g)c, -ling, Northumb. mæslen(n, 3 me(a)stling, 3–4 mastling, 4 masalyne, messelinge, -lyng, 4–6 maselyn, 5 mastelyn, mascelyne, masselen, messlyng, messelyne, 5–6 maslyn, 6 mastlyn(e, -line, masclyne, mystiltyne, maslyne, -leyn, -lenn, -lyn(n, maseleyn(e, -lyn(n)e, -len, massellen, measelen, meslyn, messilling, messelyng, 6–7 maslen, 7 mastlin, masline, mascellin, 4– maslin.
[OE. mæs(t)ling, mæslen neut., app. formed (? with suffix -ling2) on an unrecorded *mæs (the t being possibly a euphonic insertion) cogn. w. MHG. mess(e neut., brass (early mod.G. mess, möss, mesch, mösch; still dial.), whence (with suffix = -ing3) the synon. MHG., MDu. messinc, missinc masc., neut. (G., Du. messing neut.); adoptions from this or an equivalent LG. form were ON. messing, mersing fem. (OSw. mäsinger, Sw. messing masc., Da. messing com.); LG. has a parallel formation mesken (see -kin).
Most scholars have regarded the OHG. mess(e neut., brass, as identical with MHG. mässe, messe fem., lump (of metal), usually believed to be a derivative of L. massa mass n.2 The supposition involves serious difficulties, and has latterly been questioned (Kluge, Franck), but no plausible alternative has been found. It does not seem possible to connect the words with L. (æs) miscellum mixed brass, or with the popular Lat. word represented in maslin2. The MHG. messinc passed into Slavonic (Czech, Upper Serb. mosaz, Lower Serb. mjesnik, Little Russian mośaž, White Russian mosenz:—*mosengjŭ) and Lith. (masadis). The view of Schrader that the Slav. word is the source of the MHG. is improbable, and leaves the OE. forms and the MHG. messe unexplained. On the other hand, Schrader's comparison of certain oriental words for brass (Kirghiz moes, Kurdish mys, Persian mis, Mazendoran mers, mis) seems worthy of consideration.]
1. A kind of brass. Now only attrib. (see 3).
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark vi. 8, æs, mæslen. a1000Colloq. ælfric in Wr.-Wülcker 96/20 Mæstlingc ær and tin, auricalcum, æs, et stagnum. a1225Ancr. R. 284 note, Golt, seluer, stel, irn, copper, mestling, breas: al is icleopet or. c1230Hali Meid. 9 And is þat tu wendest gold iwurðen to meastling. c1320Sir Beues 3998 (Kölbing) Foure hondred copes of gold fyn And ase fele of maslin. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvi. v. (1495) 554 Laton..though it be bras of Messelyng: yet it shyneth as golde wythout. 1403Nottingham Rec. II. 20, ij. patellarum de maslyn. 1509Test. Ebor. (Surtees) V. 4 A fore basyn of mystiltyne. 1530Palsgr. 243/2 Masclyne brasse. 1601Holland Pliny II. 487 This precious Mascellin, this compound mettall I mean of gold, siluer, and brasse. 1607Lingua iv. i. G 4 b, It must not be..Brasse, nor Copper, nor Mastlin. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 29/2 An Atchison, is a Mettle peece, neither Silver, Copper, Brass, Lead, or Tin, it is like Masline.
2. A vessel made of ‘maslin’; now (dial.) = maslin kettle (see 3).
c1000Ags. Gosp. Mark vii. 4 Calicea frymða & ceaca & arfata & mæstlinga. 1854N. & Q. 1st Ser. X. 393 An old brazier informs me that three-legged pots made of the same metal as tops, generally called bell-metal, were formerly known as maslin pots, or maslins. 1882[see 3].
3. attrib. or adj. = Made of ‘maslin’. Now chiefly in maslin kettle, a large pan used mostly for boiling fruit for preserve.
c1450ME. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 99 Take a quart of good whit wyn, and do hit in a clene masselen panne. 1492Nottingham Rec. III. 22 Unum maslyn basyn. 1553Inv. Ch. Goods, Staffs. in Ann. Lichfield (1863) IV. 76, ij maselen candelstykes. 1555Richmond Wills (Surtees) 86, ij messilling bassens. 1870in Miss Jackson Shropsh. Word-bk., Maslin kettle. 1882N. & Q. 6th Ser. VI. 158 Brass vessels for boiling fruits, &c., are called maslin pans in the Birmingham trade; and from this cast iron enamelled goods for the same purpose are also called maslins. 1896Warwickshire Gloss., Maslin-kettle, a brass preserving-kettle.
▪ II. maslin2 Now dial.|ˈmæzlɪn|
Forms: α. 4 mastlyoun, 5 mestylyon, -ilione, mystelon, mystlyone, mastilȝon, 5–6 mestlyon(e, mestelyn. β. 5 mastcleyne, 5–6 mestlyn, 6 mastlin (also 9), -linge, mestlen, -lin. γ. 6 masclyne, maskeline, myskelen, 7 mesclin. δ. 6 mascelyn, miscelin, -yne, mescelline, masseling, misseling, miscelling, 6–8 mescelin(e, 7 mascelline, masolin, mis(s)elin(e, miscel(l)an(e, -el(l)ine, misciline, messeline, -ling, missellan(e, misceling, 8 measeline, massellin. ε. 6 masclechon, masseljon, -jen, maseljohn, misleden, 7 massledine, masslegen, 8 mesledine, 9 machelson, maslegin, masselgem, mashelton. ζ. 6 mislin, myslen, 6–7 meslen, mesline, -lyne, 7 maslen, -land, -lyne, mislane, -leyne, mesling, -lyn, -lon, 7, 9 mashlin, 8 masling, mislen, (Sc. 8–9 mashlum, 9 -lam), 7– meslin, 6– maslin. (See also E.D.D. s.vv. Mashelton, Maslin1.)
[a. OF. mesteillon (for the many varieties of form see Godefr.):—late L. mistiliōnem, extended form of *mistilium (whence OF. mesteil, mod.F. méteil), f. L. mist-us, pa. pple. of miscēre to mix. Cf. MDu. masteluun (Du. masteluin).
Of the many Eng. forms, some represent dialectal varieties in OF.; others are due to popular etymology (the word having esp. been often associated with Eng. mash n. or vb.); others again to learned pseudo-etymology, the spelling being assimilated to that of L. miscellānea ‘hodge-podge’, neut. pl. of miscellāneus (see miscellaneous, miscellane).]
Mixed grain, esp. rye mixed with wheat. Also, bread made of mixed corn.
α1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 10125 Þe paste..Shal nat be of no medel corne,..Þe mastlyoun shul men lete. c1440Promp. Parv. 334/2 Mestlyone, or monge corne (..K. mestilione). 1466Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 211 A combe mystelon for the kervelle. 1482Marg. Paston in P. Lett. III. 295 [They] lodyn bothe cartes with mestlyon and whete. 1483Cath. Angl. 230/1 Mastilȝon, bigermen, mixtilio. 1530Palsgr. 244/2 Mestlyon corne.
β14..Harl. MS. 1587 in Promp. Parv. 335 note, Mastcleyne, mixtilio. 1466Paston Lett. II. 269, ii bushel of mestlyn, xvd. 1573Tusser Husb. xxxvii. (1878) 90 If worke for the thresher ye mind for to haue, Of wheat and of mestlen vnthreshed go saue. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farm 501 Sow it..with mastling and wheat. 1815Pocklington Canal Act 52 Rye, Mastlin, Pease.
γ1530Palsgr. 244/1 Masclyne corne. 1538Inv. Merevale Abbey in Promp. Parv. 335 note, Grayne at the monastery, myskelen, xij strykes. 1558Will of Wylde (Somerset Ho.), A quarter of maskeline. 1635Mesclin [see c].
δ1534in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford (1880) 121 Mascelyn, benes, and pesen. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 32 b, Amongst the sommer seedes is miscelin to be reckoned. 1619W. Sclater Exp. 1 Thess. (1630) 426 The Lord to Israel permitted no medleyes:..his people might not..sow their field with Miscellane. 1631Celestina Ep. Ded., It is good plaine houshold-bread, honest messeline. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 459 You may know..who eateth Masolin, who pure Wheat. 1665Phil. Trans. I. 93 The Kinds of Grain or Seed usual in England, being supposed to be either Wheat, Miscelane, Rye, Barley. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 244 Its most agreeable grains are..miscellan, i.e. wheat and rye together. 1741Compl. Fam.-Piece iii. 422 Rye is a Grain used next to Wheat for Bread, and sometimes both are mixed together in the sowing, which is called Measeline. 1745tr. Columella's Husb. xi. ii, One modius of..mescelin. 1789Madan tr. Persius (1795) 133 note, Farrago is a mixture of several grains—mesceline.
ε1572Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) I. 387 One pecke of wheat and one pecke of masclechon. 1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 360/2 Take vnpeeled Barlye, M.iiij. & Misleden. 1631in J. J. Cartwright Chapters Hist. Yorks. (1872) 316 Masslegen under 19tene shillings the load. 1727Beverley Beck Act 2 Every quarter of wheat, rye, mesledine. 1819Rees' Cycl. XXII, Mashelson, a term used to signify a mixture of wheat and rye, or what is sometimes called meslin. 1829J. Hunter Hallamsh. Gloss. App., Maslegin, bread made of wheat and rye mixed. 1829Brockett N.C. Words, Masselgem. 1855[see b].
ζ1561[see c]. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. i. (1586) 35 b, Tares and Oates make a good meslyne sowed together. 1594Hooker Eccl. Pol. iv. vi. §3 Charging them withall not to sow their fields with mesline [cf. Lev. xix. 19]. 1600Surflet Countrie Farme v. xvii. 684 Maslin..is not one kind of corne but a mixture of wheate and rie. 1652Inv. in Gentl. Mag. (1861) II. 506, 2 quartrs of mashlin. 1653Gauden Hierasp. 30 When they sow that forbidden mislane, the Tares and Cockle of passionate novelties. 1765Museum Rusticum IV. 225 They who like meslin..may mix them to their mind when carried to the mill. 1811W. Aiton Agric. Ayrshire 270 The late pease were frequently sown with oats which in Ayrshire was denominated mashlum. 1864Sat. Rev. 478/2 Maslin..is..used [in the Northern counties] as a somewhat cheaper food than wheaten flour.
†b. fig. A mixture, medley. (See also miscellane n. and a.)
1574Whitgift Def. Aunsw. ii, You haue made very euill meslyn, and you haue put in one, things which are not payres nor matches. 1668Kirkman Eng. Rogue ii. xviii. (1671) 162 Having his pockets well lined with Maslin of Gold and Silver. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 102 They were neither Hogs nor Devils..but a mesling of two. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Mashelton or Machelson, a mixture of wheat and rye in a mash. A person is said to make mashelton of his discourse, who puts fine and coarse words together with an affected pronunciation.
c. attrib., as maslin bread, maslin corn, maslin seed; also as adj. (fig.), mixed, mingled.
1544Will Dando of Littleton (MS.), j bushell of mastlinge corne. 1561in Leland's Itin. (1769) VI. Pref. 17, 3 Loves Mislin Bread. 1575Durham Depos. (Surtees) 305 Masseljon corne, being most part benes. 1584Cogan Haven Health iv. (1636) 29 A kind of bread named misseling or masseling bread. 1590Barrow & Greenwood in Confer. 45 This prophane miscelyne people. 1597J. King On Jonas (1618) 59 Such meslen seed [cf. Lev. xix. 19] light vpon that ground which I wish no prosperity vnto. 1607B. Jonson Volpone Ded., The present trade of the Stage, in all their misc'line Enterludes. 1626Bp. Hall Contempl. O.T. xxi. i, These mesline Jewes. 1635J. Taylor (Water P.) Old Parr C 2 b, Course Mesclin bread. 1649W. Blithe Eng. Improv. Impr. (1653) 109 Wheat, Rye, or Meslin Stubble. a1659Bp. Brownrig Serm. (1674) I. iv. 61 God abhors a misceling Religion. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict., Masling-far, Food made of Wheat and Rye by putting them to steep in Water. 1786Burns Earnest Cry xx, I'll be his debt twa mashlum bonnocks. 1844Ayrshire Wreath 154 There was a big bing o' mashlam scones. |