| 释义 |
masculine, a. and n.|ˈmæskjʊlɪn|
Also 4, 6 masculin, 6 masculyne, 7 masculen.
[a. F. masculin, -ine, ad. L. masculīn-us f. mascul-us: see male a. and -ine.]
A. adj.
1. Of persons or animals: Belonging to the male sex; male. Now rare.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. ii. Pr. iii. 28 (Camb. MS.) The oportunite and noblesse of thi masculyn chyldren þat is to seyn thi sones. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. iv. vii. (1495) 91 Yf a woman that is with a chylde masculyn be sodenly callyd, she meuyth first the ryght fote. 1545T. Raynalde Byrth Mankynde 90 Yf the ryghte breste slake or flagge, the masculyne or male byrth is in parell: yf the lefte, the female byrthe. 1604in Eng. Gilds (1870) 432 The lord shall haue his best oxe or cowe and all his masculen horses. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. v. i. 20 Patro. Male Varlot you Rogue? What's that? Ther. Why his masculine Whore. 1614R. Tailor Hog hath lost ii. D, Could any Masculine flatterer on earth So far bewitch thee, to forget thy selfe, As now to leaue me? 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 55 The Masculine, or male Goat. 1667Milton P.L. x. 890 O why did God..that peopl'd highest Heav'n With Spirits Masculine, create at last..this fair defect Of Nature. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2348/1 God Almighty, as we hope and pray, will grant You an Heir Masculine of your Body.
b. With reference to the vegetable kingdom: = male a. 2.
1691Ray Creation i. (1692) 97 The Flowers serve to cherish..the masculine or prolifick Seed contained in the Chives or Apices of the Stamina.
†2. Said of inanimate objects to which the male sex was attributed on the ground of some quality, e.g. relative superiority, strength, activity, etc. masculine hour (Astrol.): one ruled by a masculine planet. Obs.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. ix. 22 The one [sc. the triangle] imperfect, mortall, fœminine, Th' other [sc. the circle] immortall, perfect, masculine. 1601Holland Pliny I. 44 Wee haue been taught, that this Planet [the Sun] is Masculine, frying and sucking vp the humidity of all things. 1613M. Ridley Magn. Bodies 82 The Adamant is Masculine unto his beloved the Iron and Steele, and these are Feminine. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. iv. vii. (1651) 167 The Emperor would not touch his new Bride, till an Astrologer had told him a masculine hour. 1696Phillips, Masculine Planets or Signs, are those which excel in active Qualities, that is, Heat and Coldness. 1819J. Wilson Dict. Astrol. 285 Fortunately all the masculine planets are diurnal. Ibid. 286 Masculine signs.
†b. masculine frankincense, masculine gum = male incense (see male a. 9). Obs.
1555Eden Decades 79 A greate barell of woodde full of moste excellente masculine frankensence. 1603B. Jonson K. Jas.'s Entertainm. (1604) D 2 Heere no wight To sacrifice, saue my deuotion comes, That brings, insteed of those thy Masculine gummes. My Cities heart.
c. The designation of a choice kind of apricot.
1629Parkinson Parad. in Sole (1656) 579 The Mascoline Apricock. 1718J. Lawrence Fruit-g. Kalendar 78 The latter end of this Month [June] the Masculine Aprecot is ripe. 1860Hogg Fruit Man. 41 Red Masculine [Apricot].
3. Gram. Of or pertaining to the gender to which appellations of males normally belong.
a1380St. Theodora 110 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1878) 36 Hire name, þat was femynyn Of gendre, heo turned in to masculyn. 1387–8T. Usk Test. Love ii. iii. (Skeat) I. 14 No mo genders ben there but masculyn and femenyne. 1530Palsgr. Introd. 24 A substantive of the masculyne gender. 1612J. Brinsley Lud. Lit. 128 Hee can shew it, to bee the Masculine Gender, because in wordes of three terminations, the first is the Masculine, the second the Feminine, the third is the Neuter. 1875Expositor 171 Sun and sea and streams had, in the infancy of the world, masculine and feminine names.
b. Prosody. masculine rime: in French versification, a rime between lines ending in stressed syllables, as opposed to the ‘feminine rime’ ending in a mute e. Hence gen. a ‘single’ rime on a stressed syllable. (Cf. male a. 7.)
1581Sidney Apol. Poetrie (Arb.) 71 Euen the very ryme it selfe, the Italian cannot put in the last silable, by the French named the Masculine ryme. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v. Rhyme, Masculine Rhymes are those of all other words [than such as end with an e mute]. 1844[see feminine 6 b]. 1870Lowell Study Wind. (1871) 201 The verses of the first [stanza] have all of them masculine rhymes. 1891J. C. Parsons Eng. Versif. 44 Rhyme between final syllables is called single or masculine rhyme.
4. Pertaining to the male sex; peculiar to or assigned to males; consisting of males.
1601Shakes. Twel. N. v. i. 257 If nothing lets to make vs happie both, But this my masculine vsurp'd attyre: [etc.]. 1616H. Gosnold in Lismore Papers Ser. ii. (1887) II. 20 We ioyne in our thankfull commendaccons to ye all, congratulating of your masculin increase. a1618Raleigh Prerog. Parl. (1628) 10 Hee was soone after slaine in Ireland, and his whole Masculine race, ten yeres extinguished. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. ii. i. §4 The People of the same Place..erected a Masculine Church (Women being interdicted the Entrance thereof). 1781Cowper Hope 686 Whether at the toilet of the fair He laughed and trifled..Or if in masculine debate he shared. 1790Gibbon Misc. Wks. (1814) III. 360 The genuine masculine descent of the Princes of Brunswick must be explored beyond the Alps. 1801C. Smith Lett. Solit. Wand. II. 317 She assumed masculine attire. 1880H. C. Coote Eng. Gild Knights 17 That peculiar fashion of devolution which the Normans had introduced—masculine primogeniture.
5. Having the appropriate excellences of the male sex; manly, virile; vigorous, powerful. Rarely of persons; usually of attributes, actions, or productions.
1629H. Burton (title) Babel no Bethel... In answer to..two masculine Champions for the Synagogue of Rome. 1639N. N. tr. Du Bosq's Compl. Woman i. 35 Masculine spirits very easily resist this tyrannie. 1647Clarendon Contempl. on Ps. Tracts (1727) 433 The argumentation of Manoah's wife..might very well have become the more masculine understanding. 1678Wanley Wond. Lit. World v. ii. §89. 473/1 He proved a stout and masculine Prince. a1704T. Brown Eng. Sat. Wks. 1730 I. 28 His heat was masculine and always pointed against vice. 1712Addison Spect. No. 363 ⁋10 Adam's Speech abounds with Thoughts..of a more masculine and elevated Turn. 1756–82J. Warton Ess. Pope (ed. 4) I. vii. 401 note, The forcible and masculine images with which the ancients strengthened their compositions. 1829Lytton Devereux i. iv, I grew more gentle, and he more masculine. 1850Blackie æschylus I. Pref. 6 Aeschylus..was famous..for the fearless, masculine licence with which he handled the most flexible of all languages. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Lit. Wks. (Bohn) II. 105, I find..the whole writing of the time charged with a masculine force and freedom.
†b. Of material things or physical qualities: Powerful in action, strong. (Cf. 2.) Obs.
1637T. Morton New Eng. Canaan (1883) 188 [Herbes] of a more maskuline vertue than any of the same species in England. 1664Beale Aphor. Cider §57 in Evelyn Pomona 29 Let the Cider be..Masculine and in full body, yet..well tasted of the Apple. 1675Evelyn Earth (1676) 66 Let this pulveriz'd Earth..be expos'd for a Summer and a Winter to the vicissitudes and changes of the seasons..you will find it will have obtain'd such a generous and masculine pregnancy,..as [etc.]. 1728Earbery tr. Burnet's St. Dead II. 45 The true Fertility that brings Corn to a Masculine Perfection, is in Countries far from the Equinox.
6. Of a woman, her qualities or attributes: Having the capacities, manners, appearance, or tastes appropriate to the male sex. † masculine-feminine: a ‘mannish’ woman. Obs.
1617Moryson Itin. iii. 1 The masculine women of the Low Countries vse to make voyages for trafficke. 1620(title) Hic Mulier: or, The Man-Woman: Being a Medicine to cure the Coltish Disease of the Staggers in the Masculine-Feminines of our Times. 1766Fordyce Serm. Yng. Wom. (1767) I. iii. 104 A masculine woman must be naturally an unamiable creature. 1801Strutt Sp. & Past. Introd. §43. 48 Some of these masculine females have occasionally made their appearance. 1808Spirit Pub. Jrnls. XI. 86 That masculine feminine, the late Princess Dashkoff. 1838Thirlwall Greece V. 279 She was a woman of masculine spirit.
Comb.1683Tryon Way to Health xi. (1697) 192 Neither are any [Women] so..Masculine Spirited. 1899Crockett Kit Kennedy 207 A..masculine-looking woman.
B. n.
1. That which is of the male sex.
c1550Schole-House Women 342 in Hazl. E.P.P. IV. 118 And all that euer they may imagine, Is to alure the masculine. 1621Lady M. Wroth Urania 16 They stept back in wonder to see that beautie, which yet in the masculine they came neere to. 1650Bulwer Anthropomet. 87 Nature makes the Masculine perfect.
2. A person of the male sex.
1652Gaule Magastrom. 265 If he had abused himselfe with a masculine..he was forced..to kill himselfe. 1739G. Ogle Gualtherus & Griselda 107 You, the Masculine, to Labour bred. 1886E. L. Bynner A. Surriage xxvii. 306, I shall be ill at ease among such an array of masculines. 1890F. W. Robinson Very Strange Family 63 She flounced out of the room and left the masculines to themselves.
b. transf. of the signs of the zodiac. (Cf. A. 2.)
1653R. Sanders Physiogn. 7 Of these Signs, the masculines are fiery and aiery; the Feminines earthly and watery.
3. Gram. The masculine gender; a word or form of the masculine gender.
1530Palsgr. 67 As consile, miracle be masculynes. Ibid. 70 All adjectives whose masculyn gendre endith in e, have their masculynes and femynines all one. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 90 The plurall of the Masculine is Zebaim, and of the feminine Zebaoth. 1612[see feminine B. 2]. 1872Morris Eng. Accid. 83 There are three ways of distinguishing the masculine and feminine in English. |