| 释义 |
marshalsea Hist.|ˈmɑːʃəlsiː|
Forms: see marshalcy; also 4 marchasye, 5 marschalse, 6 marshialshy, mareshelsey, marchese, marshashey, 7 marshall sea, (martial sea), 6– marshalsea.
[The same word which in other senses is spelt marshalcy. In the 16–17th c. the word was imagined to be f. marshal + see, seat.]
1. A court (abolished in 1849) formerly held before the steward and the knight-marshal of the royal household of England (latterly before a barrister appointed by the knight-marshal), originally for the purpose of hearing cases between the king's servants, but afterwards with wider jurisdiction. Also, a prison in Southwark under the control of the knight-marshal (abolished in 1842).
1389in Eng. Gilds (1870) 354 He sholde make whitbred, and wel y-bake, after þe sale of corn, and vp-on þe a-syse of þe marchasye. 1428in E. E. Wills (1882) 78 The prisons of Ludgate, Marchalsie, Kyngesbenche. 1436Ibid. 106 To the Prisoners of the Marchalse. c1500God speed the Plough 77 Then commeth the tipped-staves for the Marshalse, And saye they haue prisoners mo than Inough. 1501in Bury Wills (Camden) 89 The prisoners in Newgate, Ludgate, to the Kyngs Benche, and to the Marshalsy. c1550Manifest Detect. Diceplay (Vele) C iij b, Your fine chets..made both in y⊇ kings bench & in y⊇ marshalsea. 1545Brinklow Compl. xi. C vj, The court of the marshalse. 1549Latimer 4th Serm. bef. Edw. VI (Arb.) 120 Thre wekes sessions at newgate, and fourthnyghte sessions at the Marshialshy. 1556Chron. Gr. Friars (Camden) 63 He was send unto the Marchese. 1591Lambarde Archeion (1635) 21 The Marshalsey for matters within the Verge or limits assigned to the Kings House or Palace. 1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, v. iv. 90 Ile finde A Marshallsey, shall hold ye play these two Monthes. 1639in Verney Papers (1853) 215, I praye lett mee heare how businesses goes att the marshall seas, boat[h] in the prison and in the courte. 1641Prynne Antip. 239 He was committed to the Marshashey among Rogues and murtherers. 1654Warren Unbelievers 236 We..must commit his Minor to the Marshalsie as a Rebel against reason. 1660Trial Regic. 146 In the Case of Martial sea, and in the Common Pleas. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. 76 The court of the marshalsea, and the palace court at Westminster, though two distinct courts, are frequently confounded together. 1855Dickens Dorrit i. xxxii, The Marshal of the Marshalsea..had got him hard and fast.
attrib.1764Burn Poor Laws 48 A reasonable allowance to the constable..to be paid out of the gaol and marshalsea money. 1813Gentl. Mag. i. 480 The Southern boundary wall of the Marshalsea Prison. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Marshalsea-money, the county rate.
2. Used as the name of certain prisons elsewhere than in London.
1657Pittington etc. Vestry Bks. (Surtees) 309 For payment of the arreares for the jaole and marshalsey [Houghton-le-Spring].
¶3. Used Hist. for marshalcy 2 b.
1904M. Bateson Miscell. Scot. Hist. Soc. II. Introd. 10 [A record of 28 Ed. I] shows that a number of persons were not ‘at the king's wage in the roll of his marshalsea’ [orig. in rotulo Marescalcie sue]. |