| 释义 |
▪ I. marketing, vbl. n.|ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ|
[f. market v. + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of the vb. market; buying or selling; an instance of this. Also fig.
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iv. xviii. 148 How filthy markettinges they vse, how vnhonest gaines they make wt their massinges. 1636Heylin Sabbath i. v. 108 All other marketting was unlawfull on the Sabbath dayes. 1833Lytton Eng. & Engl. (ed. 2) I. 124 A notorious characteristic of English society is the universal marketing of our unmarried women. 1885Mabel Collins Prettiest Woman ix, He did certain necessary marketings, and returned for her.
b. The action or business of bringing or sending (a commodity) to market.
1884Harper's Mag. Mar. 506/1 This marketing of supplies was the beginning..of its prosperity. 1894Daily News 26 Jan. 5/4 Facilities for the marketing of labour in country districts.
2. a. Something bought in the market; a purchase.
1701Pepys Let. 4 Dec., Sorting and binding together my nephew's Roman marketings. 1755Connoisseur No. 91 ⁋2 Above half her marketings stink and grow musty, before we can use them.
b. Produce to be sold in the market; also, a consignment of such produce.
1886P. Fitzgerald Fatal Zero li. (1888) 290 The honest creatures..who till the soil here and bring in marketing. 1893Times 10 July 4/6 The marketings of dairy butter have been smaller than of late.
3. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 1) marketing advantage, marketing agent, marketing conference, marketing day, marketing director, marketing policy, marketing problem, marketing revolution, marketing strategy, marketing survey; (sense 2 a) marketing bag, marketing basket; marketing mix (see quot. 1969); marketing research, the systematic study of all the factors involved in marketing a product (see quot. 1963); so marketing researcher.
1919A. Marshall Industry & Trade App. J. 800 The low grade industries which congregate in London owe comparatively little to the marketing advantages which are to be found there. 1951M. McLuhan Mech. Bride (1967) 92/1 The marketing agents reciprocate by using still more applied science.
1934T. S. Eliot Rock ii. 65 Enter Mrs. Ethelbert with marketing bag, hilariously.
1925W. de la Mare Two Tales 20 A small, old, spectacled lady with a large marketing-basket, was..issuing out from behind the shop. 1970Brit. Printer June 57 The BFMP's fourth marketing conference in London served to emphasise the urgent need for printers to understand the term ‘marketing’ let alone employ its principles.
1619J. Dyke Counterpoison 24 A marketting and a iunketting, a selling and a swilling day both. 1961Times 14 July 2/2 Marketing Director to organize and direct the Sales Organization. 1969D. C. Hague Managerial Econ. III. xiv. 293 One of the major issues in all business is how to arrive at the correct ‘marketing mix’—the correct balance of product design, price, advertising and other promotional expenditure, spending on the sales force, and so on. 1972Lebende Sprachen XVII. 46/1 Marketing mix.
1930G. R. Collins Marketing v. 78 The process of formulating marketing policies should recognise the fact that consumers' demands are the origins of economic impulses.
1920P. T. Cherington Elem. Marketing 3 Increase of the scale of production alone introduces maladjustments between producing and consuming conditions with regard to quantity, quality, time, and place, which it becomes part of the marketing problem to correct. 1951E. S. Bradford Marketing Res. p. xi, Marketing research is coming to be recognized as essential to a successful development of marketing. 1956G. R. Collins Marketing (rev. ed.) v. 78 Marketing research..must..have for its major objective the minimizing of errors in marketing judgment. 1963Gloss. Managem. Terms (Brit. Inst. Managem.) (Typescript), The distinction between market research and marketing research is important but is not yet as widely used and understood in the U.K. as in the U.S.A. One is a study of the market for the product and the other is a study of the marketing of the product. 1967G. Wills in Wills & Yearsley Handbk. Managem. Technol. 175 Marketing research began in the second decade of the century as a commercial tool for the collection of facts for a better direction of sales effort. Ibid. 178 The analysis of territorial sales potential..is within the marketing research function of the business. Ibid. 179 Any marketing problem has three certain dimensions which marketing manager and researcher ignore at their peril—time, cost, and resources.
1963Times 5 June 17/4 Today we [sc. the British] are lagging behind in a..transition that might be described as the Marketing Revolution. 1969D. C. Hague Managerial Econ. iii. xiii. 288 Dr Rothschild was impressed by the ease with which military terminology insinuates itself into discussions of oligopoly. We talk of price wars, sales campaigns, marketing strategies, industrial espionage and so on. 1974Times 18 Feb. 12 Many hoteliers now regard conferences as an integral part of the marketing strategy for their establishments.
1941‘Balbus’ Reconstruction & Peace 58 Marketing surveys and campaigns for increasing consumption.
▪ II. marketing, ppl. a.|ˈmɑːkɪtɪŋ|
[f. market v. + -ing2.]
That markets, in the senses of the verb.
1851D. Jerrold St. Giles xi. 105 Money in this marketing world of ours may buy much. 1872Howells Wedd. Journ. (1892) 28 A marketing mother of a family. |