| 释义 |
marga, n. S. Asian.
Brit. |ˈmɑːgə|, U.S. |ˈmɑrgə|
[‹ Sanskrit mārga track, path, way, method. Compare earlier karma-marga n., jnana-marga n. at jnana n. b, and later bhakti-marga n. at bhakti n. b.
In quot. 1953 1 short for aṣṭāṇgika-mārga Eightfold Path (see eightfold adj. Special uses). In sense 2 perhaps short for (or misinterpretation of) deśī-mārga provincial-usage procedure(s) (compare desi adj. and n.).]
1. A way of doing things; a method or style. Hinduism and Yoga: one of a number of paths, procedures, or spiritual approaches; all of these considered collectively as a way to enlightenment. Buddhism: the Eightfold Path, one of the four noble truths (see eightfold adj. Special uses).
Freq. with preceding word specifying the path, as karma-marga n., bhakti-marga n. at bhakti n. b, jnana-marga n. at jnana n. b
1926Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 4 281 He refers unmistakably to the views of the Vakrokti-jīvita-kāra regarding the three mārgas. 1953Harvard Jrnl. Asiatic Stud. 16 385 The Buddha preached to him the different parts of the wonderful law, up to the four noble truths of dukkha, samudaya, nirodha, and mārga. 1993Jrnl. Asian Stud. 52 307 Sankara recognizes the legitimacy of other paths (margas) to salvation. 1997J. Bowker World Relig. 36/1 Because moksha is attained when one has overcome ignorance, there is more than one way towards the goal. The three main ways are collectively known as marga, the Way. 1998Hindu (Nexis) 19 July Dependence on the protective role of God alone is the surest marga to get over the daunting problems of life. 2001Hindu (Electronic ed.) 13 Mar. The next few names deal with the Archiradimarga (attainment of the Supreme Abode through this marga for the liberated souls).
2. In Indian music, art, dance, etc.: the corpus of established classical or pre-classical forms (as opposed to more modern and variable local or folk developments). Freq. attrib.
Freq. contrasted with desi (see desi adj. 2).
1956Far Eastern Q. 15 504 They formulated the differentiation between mārga and deśī, roughly a distinction between classic and folk. 1970Amer. Hist. Rev. 75 2112 He never distinguishes the characteristic features of folk art (deshī) from those of mārga. 1996Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 116607/2 The contents of the tāla canto include the following:..the mārga and deśī tāla patterns, and techniques of permutations. 2000S. Broughton & M. Ellingham World Music: Rough Guide II. i. 94/2 Folk music in India is often described as desi (or deshi), meaning ‘of the country’ to distinguish it from art music known as marga (meaning ‘chaste’ and by extension, classical). |