| 释义 |
March, n.2|mɑːtʃ|
Forms: 3–4 Marz, 4 Mars, 3 Marrch, Mearch, 4–7 Marche, (6 Sc. Merche), 4– March.
[Early ME. march, a. AF. marche (Gaimar), OF. march(e (Godefr. Compl.), a north-eastern var. of the more usual marz, mars (mod.F. mars):—L. Martium (nom. Martius sc. mēnsis, lit. month of Mars), whence also Pr. martz, mars, Sp. marzo, Pg. março, It. marzo, OHG. Merzo (MHG. Merze, mod.G. März), MDu. maerte, merte (modDu. Maart), Sw. Mars, Da. Marts, late Gr. Μάρτιος.]
1. a. The third month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Abbreviated Mar.
In the Roman pre-Julian calendar it was the first month, and originally began at the vernal equinox.
[c1050Menologium 36 Hrime ᵹehyrsted, haᵹolscurum færð ᵹeond middanᵹeard Martius reðe, Hlyda healic.] c1200Ormin 1891 Þat wass i Marrch, acc Marrch wass þa Neh all gan ut till ende. a1225Juliana 79 Þe fowrtuðe Kalende of mearch þat is seoððen. a1300Cursor M. 10926 Þe dai þat hir was send þis saand O marz [c 1375 Fairf. march] þe fiue and tuentiand. c1386Chaucer Nun's Pr. T. 368 The Monthe in which the world bigan That highte Marche. 1390Gower Conf. III. 371 And afterward the time is schape, To frost, to Snow,..Til eft that Mars be com ayein. c1440Promp. Parv. 326/1 Marche, monythe, marcius. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lxiv. 11 Merche, with his cauld blastis keyne, Hes slane this gentill herbe. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. iii. i. 1 Cæs. The Ides of March are come. Sooth. I Cæsar, but not gone. 1712Swift Jrnl. to Stella 26 Mar., I forgot to wish you yesterday a happy New Year. You know the twenty-fifth of March is the first day of the year. 1870Morris Earthly Par. I. i. 103 Welcome, O March! whose kindly days and dry Make April ready for the throstle's song.
Personified.1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. ix. xi. (1495) 355 Marche is paynted as it were a gardyner. 1821Shelley Dirge for Year iv, March with grief doth howl and rave. 1842Tennyson Gardener's Dau. 28 Love..made..that hair More black than ashbuds in the front of March.
b. Proverbs. (See also 2 a, 2 b.)
1598B. Jonson Case is Altered v. iv. (1609) K, Marche faire al, for a faire March is worth a kings ransome. 1624Fletcher Wife for Month ii. i, Me. I would chuse March, for I would come in like a Lion. To. But you'ld go out like a Lamb, when you went to hanging. a1632G. Herbert Jacula Prudent. 739 February makes a bridge and March breakes it. 1678Ray Prov. (ed. 2) 44 March many weathers.
2. attrib. and Comb.:
a. simple attrib., as March air, March-bloom, March dust, March morning, March wind; March-hatched adj.
1863Tennyson Welcome to Alexandra 16 Clash, ye bells, in the merry *March air!
1877G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 67 Look! *March-bloom, like on mealed-with-yellow sallows!
c1530Heywood Play of Wether 622 (Brandl) One bushell of *march dust is worth a kynges raunsome. 1557Tusser 100 Points Husb. cii, A bushel of Marche dust, worth raunsomes of gold. 1685Boyle Salubr. Air iii. (1690) 55 It is proverbially said in England, that a Peck of March Dust is worth a King's Ransom: So unfrequent is dry Weather during that Month, in our Climate.
1921F. M. Ford Let. 15 July (1965) 135 *March hatched cockerels. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 5 Jan. 103/1 My February- and March-hatched pullets started to lay.
1833Tennyson May Queen Concl. vii, All in the wild *March-morning I heard the angels call.
1530Palsgr. 484/1, I chyppe, as ones handes do,..with the *Marche-wynde. 1846Denham's Coll. Prov. (Percy Soc.) 36 March winds and April showers Bring forth May flowers.
b. Special comb.: March ale, beer, a strong ale or beer brewed in March; also attrib.; March brown, a fly used in angling; † March chick transf., applied to a precocious youth; March fly, (a) U.S., a dark-coloured, hairy fly of the family Bibionidæ; (b) Austral., a blood-sucking horse-fly of the family Tabanidæ; March hare, a proverbial type of madness (see hare n. 1 b); † March mad = mad as a March hare; March moth, the moth of a caterpillar infesting plum trees (see quot.); March violet [cf. OF. violette de Mars], the common garden violet, Viola odorata; also attrib.
1632Lithgow Trav. iii. 106 Strong *March-Ale, surpassing fine Aqua-vitæ.
1576–7Acts Privy Council 298 Beare..commonly called *March beere. a1704T. Brown Last Observator in Collect. Poems (1705) 101 Hast with thee brought some..Protestant March-Beer, to raise my Fancy?
1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports 245 The *March-Brown. 1863Ouida Held in Bondage (1870) 8 Flinging his March brown into the stream.
1599Shakes. Much Ado i. iii. 58 A very forward *March-chicke.
1895J. H. & A. B. Comstock Man. Study of Insects xix. 450 They [sc. Bibionidae] are most common in early spring, which has suggested the name *March-flies; but some occur later in the season. 1907W. W. Froggatt Austral. Insects 294 They [sc. Tabanidæ] are popularly known in Australia as ‘March Flies’; in England and America they usually go under the name of ‘Horse or Gad Flies’. 1908E. J. Banfield Confessions of Beachcomber i. vii. 221 The sluggish ‘march’ fly..goes about the business of blood-sucking in a lazy..style. 1947I. L. Idriess Isles of Despair viii. 58 A vicious March fly with threatening buzz dived at her. 1970Colless & McAlpine in Insects of Australia (Commonwealth Sci. & Industr. Res. Organization) xxiv. 701/2 Tabanidae (March flies, horse flies;..). In Europe and North America, the term ‘March fly’ is applied to the Bibionidae. 1972Swan & Papp Common Insects N. Amer. 603 March flies appear in large numbers early in the spring. 1973Islander (Victoria, B.C.) 12 Aug. 2/1 Many a March-fly-bitten mango packer..longs to pick peaches where there are no March flies to worry about, only wasps.
14..Blowbol's Test. (MS. Rawl. C 86 lf. 111 b), Thanne þey begynne to swere and to stare, And be as braynles as a *Marshe hare. 1526Skelton Magnyf. 930 As mery as a Marche hare. a1529― Replycacion 35, I saye, thou madde Marche hare.
a1619Fletcher Mad Lover i. i, Keep him darke, He will run *March mad else. a1625― Noble Gent. i. i, He is March mad: Farewell Monsieur.
1890E. A. Ormerod Injur. Insects (ed. 2) 335 *March Moth. Anisopteryx æscularia, Schiff.
1578Lyte Dodoens ii. i. 148 The sweete Violet is called..in English Violets, the garden Violet, the sweete Violet, and the *Marche Violet. 1601Holland Pliny II. 621 It turneth into a March Violet colour. |