| 释义 |
▪ I. † mangle, n.1 Obs.
[f. *mangle, mongle v.]
in mangle: in a mêlée.
13..K. Alis. 7412 While they weore so in mangle, Theo Yndiens gan gangle.
▪ II. mangle, n.2|ˈmæŋg(ə)l|
[a. Sp. mangle (Oviedo 1535): see mangrove.]
= mangrove. Also attrib., as mangle-bark, mangle tree.
[1597Hartwell tr. Pigafetta's Congo iv. 24 The..barke of the tree which is called Manghi. (Orig. di quell'albore nomato manghi.)] 1613Purchas Pilgrimage viii. ii. (1614) 733 Mangle is the name of a Tree, which multiplieth it selfe into a wood. [Cf. ibid. 698 marg.: Andrew Battell saith, That the tree which thus strangely multiplies itselfe is called the Manga tree.] 1693Phil. Trans. XVII. 621 Two sorts of the Mangle-Tree, of the Arbor de Raiz kind, though no Figg. 1760–72tr. Juan & Ulloa's Voy. (ed. 3) I. 171 In its neighbourhood [Guayaquil]..are great numbers of mangles, or mangrove trees. 1824tr. Spink & Martius' Trav. Brazil I. 217 note, The mangle or mangrove tree. 1885U.S. Cons. Rep. No. 59. 268 (Cent.) Mangle-bark is principally used in tanning leather.
▪ III. mangle, n.3|ˈmæŋg(ə)l|
[a. Du. mangel masc. (= G. mangel fem., recorded from the 18th c.), app. short for the synonymous mangelstok, f. stem of mangelen to mangle, f. MDu. mange (= MHG., mod.G. mange), a mangle, in early use also a mangonel. The Du. and G. word is ultimately from the Gr. µάγγανον (see mangonel), but its history has not been precisely traced: cf. the med.L. forms mango, manga. For the sense cf. It. mangano, ‘a kinde of presse to press buckrom, fustian, or died linnen cloth, to make it have a luster or glasse’ (Florio 1598).]
a. A machine for rolling and pressing linen and cotton clothing etc. after washing; in its older form, an oblong rectangular wooden chest filled with stones, worked backwards and forwards by a rack and pinion arrangement (or, earlier, by straps wound round a roller worked by a handle), and resting upon two cylinders, which were thus rolled with great pressure over the fabric spread upon a polished table beneath; now consisting of two or more cylinders working one upon another. Cf. calender n.1 2.
The possession of a mangle, for the use of which a small sum was charged, is, among the poorer class of English cottagers, a common means of earning money. The question ‘Has your mother sold her mangle?’ (quot. 1836–7) was at one time the commonest piece of ‘chaff’ used by London street-boys.
1774in Titles Patents (1854) I. 193 A grant unto Hugh Oxenham,..carpenter and mangle maker, of his new invented mangle of an entirely new construction..to answer all the purposes of mangles without the incumbrance of weight. 1793Regal Rambler 73, I might mention the mangle, also a curious machine, for pressing fine linen. 1836–7Dickens Sk. Boz, Scenes xx, The only answer we obtained was a playful inquiry whether our maternal parent had disposed of her mangle. 1891Hardy Group of Noble Dames 186 While she, like a mangle, would start on a sudden in a contrary course, and end where she began.
b. attrib., as mangle-keeper, mangle-maker, mangle-room, mangle worker; mangle-board [Da. manglebræt], a board with which linen and cotton may be pressed and smoothed; mangle-wheel, a wheel which, by an ingenious adjustment of rack and pinion, causes the movable part of a mangle to travel backwards and forwards, while the wheel itself rotates in only one direction; applied also to a similar wheel in textile machines; similarly mangle pinion, rack.
1774Mangle maker [see above]. 1799Hull Advertiser 12 Oct. 1/1 A very excellent Mansion House..with ..mangle room. 1839Ure Dict. Arts, etc. 798 The mangle wheel, has been introduced..into the machinery of the textile manufactures. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Mangle-keeper, the owner of a mangle; a smoother of linen. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1383/2 Mangle-rack, a rack having teeth on opposite sides, engaged by a pinion which meshes with the opposite sides alternately. 1884McLaren Spinning 141 By a series of wheels the mangle pinion shaft a a is worked, which drives the mangle pinion x, and this drives the mangle wheel. 1891Labour Commission Gloss., Mangle Workers, the attendants at the mangles used for finishing jute and linen fabrics. 1892E. Rowe Hints on Chip-Carving iii. 47 The border..may be seen on a mangle-board from Jutland, dated 1708. 1928Daily Express 22 June 12/6 The exhibits include various examples from Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Holland... Dates on the mangleboards go back as far as 1590.
c. fig. A bicycle. Austral. slang.
1941Baker Dict. Austral. Slang 45 Mangle, a bicycle. 1965G. McInnes Road to Gundagai viii. 122 ‘Where's the grid?’ ‘My bike!’ ‘Yeah, the old mangle.’
▪ IV. mangle, v.1|ˈmæŋg(ə)l|
Also 5–6 mangel, 6 mangyll.
[ad. AF. mangler, mahangler (cf. med.L. mangulare in a Fr. document of 1361), app. a frequentative form of mahaignier: see maim v. But cf. obs. F. mangonner ‘to mangle or disfigure by mangling’ (Cotgr.).]
1. trans. To hack, cut, or lacerate (a person or his members) by repeated blows; to reduce, by cutting, tearing, or crushing, to a more or less unrecognizable condition. † Formerly sometimes, to mutilate. † Also with out.
c1400Destr. Troy 5704 Who..Were..Martrid & murthrid, manglit in peses. c1450Merlin 445 The cristin neuer cessed to kille and to sle, and mangeled alle that thei myght take. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 257 b, The..blessed body thus mangled, torne & rent, lyenge in y⊇ lappe of that gloryous virgyn his mother. 1574Hellowes Gueuara's Fam. Ep. (1584) 339 But the Moores..mangled him and his men in peeces. 1600Rowlands Lett. Humours Blood ii. 8 Or Mincepie-like Ile mangle out the slaue. 1611Bible 2 Macc. vii. 13 Now when this man was dead also, they tormented and mangled the fourth in like maner. 1632J. Pory in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. ii. III. 272 It mist his eyes, yet it pitifully mangled his visage. 1678Wanley Wond. Lit. World v. ii. §68. 471/2 His beautiful Empress, whom a young Burgundian..had most despitefully mangled, cutting off both her Nose and Ears. 1791Gouv. Morris in Sparks Life & Writ. (1832) II. 138 Next morning two men were lanterned and mangled in the Parisian taste. 1829Scott Anne of G. ii, I will see my Arthur once more, ere the wolf and the eagle mangle him. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xxii. IV. 737 A human head was found severed from the body..and so frightfully mangled that no feature could be recognised.
absol.1818Shelley Rev. Islam vi. iv, The red artillery's bolt mangling among them falls.
b. transf. and fig.
1579Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 106 Both so mangled with repulse..and almost murthered by disdaine, that [etc.]. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iii. iii. 51 How hast thou the hart..To mangle me with that word, banished? 1713Steele Guard. No. 17 ⁋10 The Lock Hospital..is a receptacle for all sufferers mangled by this iniquity.
2. To cut or hack (a material thing) in a rough manner, so as to damage and disfigure; † to divide into rough or ragged parts.
1530Palsgr. 632/2, I mangle a thyng, I disfygure it with cuttyng of it in peces or without order... You have mangylled this meate horrybly, it is nat to sette afore no honest man now. 1578Lyte Dodoens iv. lxiv. 526 Cotton Thistel..beareth great large leaues al to mangled and cut by the edges. 1610Holland tr. Camden's Scot. 37 The country runneth out in length and breadth, all mangled with fishfull pools: and in some places with rising mountaines. 1638Junius Paint. Ancients 177 They did respect gemmes more than to mangle them with cutting. 1746Smollett Reproof 124 But lo! a swarm of harpies intervene, To ravage, mangle, and pollute the scene! 1784Cowper Tiroc. 303 The bench on which we sat while deep employed, Though mangled, hacked, and hewed, not yet destroyed.
3. fig. Now chiefly: To render (words) almost unrecognizable by mispronunciation; to spoil by gross blundering or falsification (a quotation, the text of an author). Formerly often (now rarely): To mutilate, deprive of essential parts, subject to cruel injury.
1533Sir T. More Confut. Tindale ii. iv. Wks. 538/2 Tindal shal haue no cause to saye that I deface hys gaye goodlye tale, by mangling of his matter. 1559Bp. Scot in Strype Ann. Ref. (1709) I. ii. App. x. 448 The reste of the Sacraments, which be eyther clearly taken awaye, or else mangled..by this newe booke. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iii. ii. 99 Ah poore my Lord, what tongue shall smooth thy name, When I thy three houres wife haue mangled it. 1607― Cor. iii. i. 158 Your dishonor Mangles true judgement. 1641Milton Animadv. i. Wks. 1851 III. 189 Remember how they mangle our Brittish names abroad. a1683Sidney Disc. Govt. iii. xlvi. (1704) 420 Queen Elizabeth..did not go about to mangle Acts of Parliament. 1700Dryden Fables Pref., Wks. (Globe) 503 It was also necessary sometimes to restore the sense of Chaucer, which was lost or mangled in the errors of the press. 1738Swift Pol. Conversat. Introd. 84 Such a Project..would intolerably mangle my Scheme. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 443 Go to an Italian opera and you will hear the singers so clip and mangle their words, that..you will lose even the little sense they contain. 1873Dixon Two Queens I. iv. iii. 191 To give up Rouen and Bordeaux would be to mangle France. 1901Athenæum 27 July 121/1 Why mangle Virgil with a stupid ‘hæc mortalia tangunt’?
absol.1641Milton Ch. Govt. i. vi. Wks. 1851 III. 122 If schisme parted the congregations before, now it rent and mangl'd, now it rag'd.
▪ V. mangle, v.2|ˈmæŋg(ə)l|
[f. mangle n.3, or perh. a. Du. mangelen = G. mangeln.]
1. trans. To press smooth with a mangle.
1775Ash Suppl., Mangle, to smooth linen by means of a mangle. 1790in Abridg. Specif. Patents, Bleaching, etc. (1859) 51 A machine or machines for mangling and washing every article made of linen [etc.] that will bear washing. 1798Trans. Soc. Arts XVI. 303 The Model of a machine for Mangling Linen. 1810Splendid Follies I. 119 Mrs. Squasham desired her humble duty, and had had them [sc. clothes] mangled... Mangle the d—l!..exclaimed Sponge... I'll mangle every bone in her skin. 1837Dickens Pickw. xv, Might have got up my linen as I came along..—queer thing to have it mangled when it's on one.
2. To beat (lead) flat on a roller.
1880J. Lomas Alkali Trade 28 The process of mangling [lead]..consists in rolling the sheet tightly round a wooden mandril,..beating it meanwhile..with the plumber's mallet. |