| 释义 |
mandala|ˈmændələ|
[Skr. máṇḍala disc, circle.]
A symbolic representation of a magic circle usually with symmetrical divisions and figures of deities, etc., in the centre, used by Buddhists in meditation and found in many cultures as a religious symbol; spec. in Jungian Psychol., an image of a similar magic circle visualized in dreams and symbolizing the dreamer's striving for unity of self and completeness. Also attrib.
1859Max Müller Hist. Anc. Sanskrit Lit. i. 218 The division of the Sanhitâ which is adopted in the Bṛihaddevatâ, is that of Maṇḍalas, Anuvâkas, and Sûktas. 1882Encycl. Brit. XIV. 228/1 Their practical belief..busied itself almost wholly with obtaining magic powers (Siddhi), by means of..magic circles (Maṇḍala). 1927W. Y. Evans-Wentz Tibetan Bk. Dead 136 (caption) The Great Mandala of the Knowledge-Holding and Wrathful Deities. 1931C. F. Baynes tr. Wilhelm & Jung's Secret of Golden Flower 97 For the most part, the mandala form is that of a flower, cross, or wheel, with a distinct tendency toward four. Ibid., I have come across women who did not draw mandala symbols but who danced them. 1933E. J. Thomas Hist. Buddhist Thought xv. 193 The great spell..should be inscribed in a circle (maṇḍala) made of certain substances with appropriate divisions and figures. 1938C. G. Jung Psychol. & Relig. iii. 96 Historically..the mandala served as a symbol in order to clarify the nature of the deity philosophically. Ibid. iv. 109 Since modern mandalas have..close parallels in ancient magic circles, in the centre of which we usually find the deity, it is evident that in the modern mandala man—the complete man—has replaced the deity. 1941A. Huxley Grey Eminence iii. 66 An elaborate circular diagram, curiously like one of those symbolic mandalas, into which the Buddhists contrive to cram such a wealth of doctrinal significance. 1949K. Raine Pythoness 17, I piece the divine fragments into the mandala Whose centre is the lost creative power. 1966P. White (title) The solid mandala. 1973Jrnl. Genetic Psychol. CXXII. 168 The complete, circular form of the Ufor is reminiscent of the mandala or ‘magic circle’: i.e., totality. 1974Time (Canada) 18 Mar. 56/1 The appetite of the young for religious experience is leading along exotic paths these days—demons and gurus, mandalas and myths. |