| 释义 |
maleic, a. Chem.|məˈliːɪk|
Also † malæic.
[ad. F. maléique (Pelouze 1834); formed by alteration of malique malic, to indicate that this acid was related to malic acid.]
maleic acid: a product of the dry distillation of malic acid; maleic anhydride, the anhydride, C4H2O3, of maleic acid which is a crystalline compound that forms addition compounds with substances containing conjugated carbon—carbon double bonds; maleic (anhydride) value, a measure of the number of conjugated double bonds in a substance (e.g. an oil) obtained by reaction with maleic anhydride.
1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 55. 1857 W. A. Miller Elem. Chem. III. v. 335 Hydrated malæic acid when maintained in a state of fusion at 300°, is converted into a crystalline mass of fumaric acid. If distilled by a temperature suddenly elevated to 460°, malæic anhydride is formed. 1873Watts Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 725 The volatile acid produced with fumaric acid is called maleic acid. 1898Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXIV. 1. 177 Maleinoid chlorobromosuccinic acid is prepared by saturating with chlorine a solution of bromine in chloroform, adding maleic anhydride, again passing chlorine into the liquid, which is then exposed to bright sunlight. 1936Ellis & Jones in Analyst LXI. 814 The calculation of the ‘maleic anhydride value’ (M.A.V.) or, more shortly, ‘maleic value’ is given... At the moment the term ‘maleic value’ is suggested for this figure in preference to ‘diene value’. 1944H. G. Kirschenbauer Fats & Oils v. 46 The theoretical Maleic Anhydride Value of trielaeostearin is 87·2. 1950K. A. Williams Oils, Fats & Fatty Foods (ed. 3) iii. 116 The maleic anhydride value is given by the expression: 12·692 × ml. of alkali used {div} weight of sample taken in grams. 1964N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. xix. 389 A purely aliphatic compound, maleic anhydride, an intermediate for alkyd resins..is obtained from benzene by passing its vapour, mixed with air, over a vanadium pentoxide catalyst at 450°. 1972Materials & Technol. IV. xiii. 465 The peculiar structure of maleic anhydride, in which a C {b2} C double bond is in conjugation with a C {b2} O double bond, makes it the most important and widely used dienoph[i]lic component in the Diels–Alder reaction with 1,3-dienes to produce non-aromatic six-membered ring compounds.
Also maleˈinic = maleic. (Cf. G. maleïnsäure.)
1889in Syd. Soc. Lex. |