| 释义 |
maize|meɪz|
Forms: 6 maith, mayis, 6–8 mais, maiz, (7 maes, maix, maijs, maze, mass, 8 maez), 7–8 mayz(e, 7–8 mays, (9 mais(e), 7– maize. Also 6 in mod.L. form maizium.
[a. Sp. maiz (formerly also mahiz, mahis, mayz), a word of the Cuban dialect, the pronunciation of which is rendered by Oviedo in Sp. orthography as maisi or majisi; prob. identical with the Arawak (Guiana) marisi, and the Carib ‘márichi, bled d'Inde’ (Breton, Dict. Caraïbe, 1665). Cf. F. maïs, in 16th c. mahiz (1555 in Hatz.-Darm.).]
1. An American graminaceous plant (Zea Mays) or the grain produced by it; = Indian corn.
a. The plant.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xviii. 21 In steed of corn they sow Maith [Fr. ils sement du Maith], which is a kind of grosse Mill. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage vi. i. 561 The fields of Mais the great stalkes whereof were trodden downe. 1613R. Harcourt Voy. to Guiana 28 There is a kind of great wheat, called Maix, of some it is called Guinea wheat. 1672J. Josselyn New Eng. Rarities 17 They [Racoons] feed upon Mass, and do infest our Indian Corn very much. 1674― Voy. New Eng. 73 Maze, otherwise called Turkie-wheat, or rather Indian-wheat, because it came first from thence. 1742Collins Ecl. iii. 6 'Tis sweet..to..scent the breathing maize at setting day. 1861Tylor Anahuac ix. 228 The Mexicans were cultivating maize and tobacco when the Spaniards invaded the country.
b. The grain.
1555Eden Decades 3 This kynde of grayne they call maizium. c1565Sparke Sir J. Hawkins' 2nd Voy. in Hakluyt (1589) 540 Mayis maketh good sauory bread. 1594R. Ashley tr. Loys le Roy 15 b, Throughout the western Islands they make bread of a kind of wheat called Mahiz. 1596Raleigh Discov. Gviana 3 It hath also for bread sufficient Mais, Cassaui. 1600Hakluyt Voy. (1810) III. 602 A corne called Maiz, in bignesse of a pease, the eare whereof is much like to a teasell. a1626Bacon Med. Rem. Wks. 1857 III. 828 Take of Indian maiz half a pound. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet i. 250 Mays is not so easily brought to Fermentation. 1832Veg. Subst. Food 101 Maize is said to contain no gluten, and little..saccharine matter. 1855Longfellow Hiaw. xvii. 159 They..Beat to death poor Pau-Puk-Keewis, Pounded him as maize is pounded. 1894Century Mag. Apr. 849 The first generations of English-Americans subsisted mainly on maize.
2. water maize [Sp. maiz del agua], the Victoria regia, so called because of its farinaceous seeds (Treas. Bot. 1866); mountain maize, the genus Ombrophytum (Miller Plant-n. 1884).
3. Adopted as the name of one of the coal-tar colours, a pale yellow resembling that of maize. Freq. denoting a colour of cloth or dress-material.
1838E. Grosvenor Jrnl. 9 June in G. Huxley Lady Elizabeth & the Grosvenors (1965) iii. 78 Succeeded in finding..a maize and silver gown. 1853Mrs. Gaskell Cranford xiii. 244 If a happy sea-green could be met with, the gown was to be sea-green; if not she inclined to maize. 1858Geo. Eliot Scenes Clerical Life I. ii. 32 Maize is a colour that decidedly did not suit his complexion. 1890Thorpe Dict. Appl. Chem. I. 263 The sodium salt of azoxystilbene-disulphonic acid..known in commerce as ‘sun yellow’ or ‘maize’. 1923Daily Mail 15 June 6 (Advt.), Crepe de Chine..newest shades, including: Pale Pink,..Maize, Lemon. 1970Cape Times 28 Oct. 19/3 (Advt.), Rambler Rogue, 1970, 5500 miles, maize with cognac trim. 1975New Yorker 26 May 54/1 (Advt.), Our all silk honan tie... Navy, red, brown, maize, rust, bottle green.
4. attrib. and Comb., as maize-beer, maize-bread, maize-cob, maize-colour, maize-cutter, maize-ear, maize-field, maize-flour, maize-garden, maize-grain, maize-grits, maize-harvest, maize-meal, maize-oil, maize-plant, maize-stalk, maize-starch, maize-straw, maize-trough, maize-whiskey; maize-coloured, maize-fed adjs.; maize-husking, maize-poisoning vbl. ns.; maize-bird, an American blackbird of the subfamily Agelæinæ, esp. Agelæus phœniceus, so called from its fondness for maize; maize-cream, a decoction or gruel of maize or maize-meal; maize-eater, a South American maize-bird; maize-smut, a destructive fungus (Ustilago Maydis) attacking the maize-plant; maize-thief = maize-bird; maize-yellow, a yellow like that of maize.
1887C. A. Moloney Forestry W. Afr. 450 In South America a kind of beer called Chica or *Maize beer is made from the grain.
1837Swainson Nat. Hist. Birds II. 100 The Agelainæ, or *maize-birds.
1855Kingsley Westw. Ho! xxv, Baskets..freighted with..*maize-bread.
1890O. Crawfurd Round Cal. Portugal 197 Now the broad fields of maize are cut and the *maize-cobs garnered.
1862O'Neill Dict. Calico Printing, etc., *Maize colour, a low toned yellow orange.
1861Englishwom. Dom. Mag. III. 263/1 One skein of gold or *maize-coloured Russia braid.
1626Bacon Sylva §49 Indian Maiz..must be throughly boyled, and made into a *Maiz-Creame, like a Barley Creame.
1855Longfellow Hiaw. xiii. 41 Wagemin, the thief of cornfields! Paimosaid, who steals the *maize-ear!
1894Times (weekly ed.) 2 Feb. 89/3 The wheat-fed pork of the North West may yet compete with the *maize-fed pork of Chicago.
1771J. R. Forster tr. Kalm's Trav. N. Amer. II. 77 They [birds] assemble by thousands in the *maize-fields, and live at discretion. 1855Longfellow Hiaw. xiii. 21 All around the happy village Stood the maize-fields.
1843Prescott Mexico (1850) I. 131 Pastry, for which their *maize-flour and sugar supplied ample materials.
1899Werner Capt. of Locusts 263 They..carried her to the grove beyond the *maize-gardens.
1880C. R. Markham Peruv. Bark 479 The grains [of Cuzco maize] are four or five times the size of ordinary *maize grains.
1901Oxford Times 9 Mar. 7/1 [The advertisers] have never used any..*maize-grits, or any other substitute for either malt or hops.
1828P. Cunningham N. S. Wales (ed. 3) II. 22, I chanced to stop for the night at the house of a gentleman during the *maize-harvest.
Ibid. 293 Their diet..[should] consist principally of *maize meal.
1871Kingsley At Last xvi, The Red Indians looked on Mondamin, the *maize-plant, as a gift of god.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 801 The special characters of *maize poisoning may be due to some peculiarity in the chemical structure of this grain itself.
1896P. A. Bruce Econ. Hist. Virginia I. 167 Except the juice sucked from the crushed fibre of the *maizestalk, they had no knowledge of any spirits.
1887C. A. Moloney Forestry W. Afr. 450 The finer qualities of *Maize starch are largely used as a substitute for arrowroot.
1886W. J. Tucker E. Europe 299 A hole in the *maize-straw thatched roofs served as chimney.
1772J. R. Forster tr. Kalm's Trav. N. Amer. I. 372 The laws of Pensylvania..have settled a premium of three-pence a dozen for dead *maize thieves. 1853F. O. Morris Hist. Brit. Birds III. 9 Red-winged maize-bird... Maize-thief.
1851Mayne Reid Scalp Hunt. xiii. 98 Your horse is standing at the *maize-trough.
1893Leland Mem. I. 13 *Maize-whiskey could be bought then for fifteen cents a gallon.
1897C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather (ed. 2) 607 Light ochre yellow, *maize yellow to dark gold ochre yellow. |