| 释义 |
maidenhair|ˈmeɪd(ə)nhɛə(r)|
Also 6–7 maiden's hair.
[f. maiden n. + hair.]
1. The name of certain ferns having fine hair-like stalks and delicate fronds.
a. Adiantum Capillus-veneris, called also black maidenhair or true maidenhair; formerly much used in medicine.
c1450ME. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 102 Take..verueyne, maydenher [etc.]. 1549Compl. Scot. vi. 67, I sau madyn hayr, of the quhilk ane sirop maid of it is remeid contrar the infectione of the melt. 1562Turner Herbal ii. 157 b, Trichomanes (that is our English Maydens heare) is supposed to haue the same vertue that the Lumbardy Maydens heare hath. 1597Gerarde Herbal ii. cccclvii. 982–3 True Maiden haire... The right Maiden haire groweth vpon wals..it is a stranger in Englande... In English black Maiden haire, and Venus haire. 1697Tryon Way to Health xv. (ed. 3) 368 Take..a pint and half, Tincture of Saffron, and Syrup of Maidenhair. 1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxxii. (1794) 491 True Maiden-hair..is used or supposed to be so, in the syrup of capillaire. 1887E. Lyall Knight-Errant (1889) 87 A little lizard..plunged into the maidenhair that fringed the altar.
b. Asplenium Trichomanes, called also common maidenhair or English maidenhair.
a1400–50Stockh. Med. MS. 176 Maydenheer or watir⁓wourt, capillus virginis. 1562[see a]. 1579Langham Gard. Health (1633) 379 Tricomanes, Polytricon or English Maiden⁓haire hath y⊇ same vertues that Capillus Veneris hath. 1597Gerarde Herbal ii. cccclviii. 984 Of English or common Maiden haire. 1634Peacham Gentl. Exerc. iii. ii. vii. 144 June in a mantle of darke grasse greene, upon his head a garland of Bents, King-cups, and Maidens haire. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 74/1 The English Maiden-hair is a small spiry stalk with two round leaves fixed to the side [etc.]. 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 318 Maiden-hair, English black, Asplenium.
c. white maidenhair: Asplenium Ruta-muraria.
1597Gerarde Herbal ii. cccclvii. 983 Wall Rue, or Rue Maiden haire..White Maiden haire. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 115 White Maidenhair.—It is used in Decays of the Lungs. 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 318 Maiden-hair, White, Asplenium. 1861Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. VI. 213.
2. In other plant-names.
a. golden maidenhair, the moss Polytrichum commune.
1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxxi. 412 Goldylockes, Polytrichon, or Golden Maydenheare. 1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxxii. (1794) 493 Greater Golden Maidenhair..is a large sort of moss and abundant in woods, heaths and bogs.
b. The Lancashire Asphodel, Narthecium ossifragum (see quot.).
1633Johnson Gerarde's Herbal i. lxxi. 96 Another water Asphodill, which..in Lancashire is vsed by women to die their haire of a yellowish colour, and therefore by them it is termed Maiden-haire, if we may beleeue Lobell.
c. Yellow Bedstraw, Galium verum.
1548Turner Name of Herbes (E.D.S.) 39 Galion or gallion is named in English in the North countrey Maydens heire. 1562― Herbal ii. 6 b.
d. Ground Ivy, Nepeta Glechoma.
1657Coles Adam in Eden xxvi. 53 Some Country people that would have the barren Ivy to be the true Ground-Ivy, call the other Maiden-hair.
†3. Some textile fabric. Obs.
1359Will of Agnes Selby in Test. Ebor. (Surtees) I. 71 Lego Anabillæ quondam servienti meæ..unam tunicam de maydenhare.
†4. ? Some kind of marking on flowers. Obs.
1607Day Parl. Bees xi. (1641) G 3 b, July-flowers, and Carnations weare Leaves double streakt with Maiden haire.
¶5.
a. In literal sense: A maiden's hair. rare—1.
1648Herrick Hesper., Dissuas. fr. Idleness, Play not with the maiden-haire For each ringlet there's a snare.
b. A woman's pubic hair.
1928D. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterley xv. 265 That's where to put forget-me-nots, in the man-hair, or the maiden-hair. a1930― Last Poems (1932) 14 The dim blotch of black maidenhair like an indicator, Giving a message to the man.
6. attrib. and Comb., as † maidenhair-syrup; maidenhair fern = 1; maidenhair grass, Briza media; (golden) maidenhair-moss = 2 a; maidenhair-spleenwort, a book-name for various plants of the genus Asplenium (see quot. 1837); maidenhair-tree, a name for the ginkgo.
1833Penny Cycl. I. 120/1 The A[diantum] Capillus Veneris, or the *maiden-hair fern.
1640Parkinson Theatr. Bot. 1165 Gramen tremulum medium. *Maidenhaire grasse, or the lesser quaking grasse.
1597Gerarde Herbal iii. clvii. 1371 Muscus capillaris..Goldilocks, or Golden *Maiden haire Mosse.
1837Macgillivray Withering's Brit. Plants 383 Asplenium Trichomanes. Common *Maidenhair Spleenwort... A. viride. Green Maidenhair Spleenwort... A. Adiantum-nigrum. Black Maidenhair Spleenwort. 1862Ansted Channel Isl. ii. viii. (ed. 2) 183 The a. trichomanes or maiden-hair spleen-wort, is the most delicate of the group.
1711Lond. Gaz. No. 4845/4, 200 half pint Bottles of *Maidenhair Sirrup.
1773Gentl. Mag. XLIII. 338 The Ginkgo, or *Maiden-hair tree, from China,..has been propagated by Mr. Gordon, of Mile-End. 1882Garden 12 Aug. 145/3 The leaves bear a good deal of resemblance to those of the Maidenhair tree. |