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▪ I. ante-
L. prep. and adv., used in composition with vbs., as antecēdere to go before; vbl. ns., as antecēssor a foregoer; other ns. and adjs. derived from phrases, as antecēnium (from ante cēnam), antetemplum, antemeridiānus (f. ante meridiem), antepænultimus (f. ante pænultimum). Examples of all these have been adopted in Eng. directly or through Fr., and have, since 1600, served as models for the formation of others, especially of the last class, from which, as in ante-temple, ante-nuptial, ante- has acquired a separable character, and is prefixed to other words, as ante-room, ante-Cuvierian, ante-date. Adjectives of this type are formed at will, either with or without adj. endings, as ante-baptismal, ante-Norman, ante-reformational; and ante-communion, ante-reformation, ante-war. The latter are really attributive phrases, similar to the native after-dinner oration, before-breakfast lesson, out-of-doors employment, up-stairs room. The former, though formally compounds of ante + adjective, are in sense adj. formations on a phrase, as ante-mundane, logically (antemund)um + ane; cf. (old-woman)ish. Some of the more obvious of these combinations of ante- are grouped together here, as not needing separate treatment.
A. ns. (Main stress on ˈante-: ˈantechapel.)
1. Of position: in which ante- usually = A smaller introductory ―; as ante-cavern, -closet, -garden, -hall, -porch, -portico, -stomach; also ante-bath, an apartment opening into the bath; ante-church = ante-chapel; ante-nave, the western part of a divided nave; ante-number, the preceding number. These begin after 1600.
1817Edin. Rev. XXVIII. 331 The bathers first enter a vault or *antebath.
Ibid., The Georgian ladies employ the *ante-caverns as dressing rooms.
1874J. T. Micklethwaite Mod. Par. Ch. §27 If there is an *antechurch, they should be placed there.
1705Phil. Trans. XXV. 2109 Its Entrance, first and second Galleries, *Anticlosets.
1861Gard. Chron. 6 July 621/3 The spectator is supposed to stand in the *ante-garden.
1848Lytton Harold iv. 148 A low forlorn *ante-hall.
1829Southey All for Love iv. Wks. VII. 173 Now before the Holy Door In the *Ante-nave they stand.
1626Bacon Sylva §106 Whatsoever Vertue is in Numbers, for Conducing to Concent of Notes, is rather to be ascribed to the *Ante-number than to the Entire Number.
1624Wotton Archit. (1672) 28 An Atrium Græcum (we may translate it an *Anti-Porch, after the Greek manner).
1838Britton Dict. Arch. 13 Antica..a door, a porch, or *ante-portico.
1691Ray Creation (1714) 28 Swallowed into the crop..or at least into a kind of *Ante-stomach.
2. Of time or order: in which ante = A previous or anticipatory ―, or A something previous or anticipatory to ―; as ante-dawn, -disposition, -luminary, -occupation, -predicament, -spring, -taste; also ante-eternity, the quality of having existed from all eternity; ante-noon, the fore-noon. These begin after 1600.
1841Blackw. Mag. XLIX. 287 That mysterious *ante-dawn—that prelibation of the full daylight..the Zodiacal light.
1611Florio, Antidispositione, an *antidisposition, or precedent inclination.
1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 141 He..maintained..the Worlds *Ante-Eternity and Incorruptibility.
1684Charnock Attrib. God (1834) I. 367 The promise of eternal life is as ancient as God himself..as it hath an *ante-eternity, so it hath a post-eternity.
1686Goad Celest. Bod. i. xv. 96 At other hours of the *Ante-Noon.
1656Blount Glossogr., *Anteoccupation, a preventing or seising first.
1706Phillips, *Antepredicaments (in Logick) things necessary to be known before-hand, for the better understanding of the Predicaments; as Definitions of Terms, etc.
1881G. Milner Country Pleas. (ed. 2) 2 Our *antespring—our premonitory awakening.
1861Sheppard Fall of Rome iv. 165 An *antetaste of those dire and bloody struggles.
B. adjs. (Main stress not on ante: ante-ˈnuptial, ante-ˈwar. Mostly of 19th and 20th c.)
1. Of position: in which ante = Before, in front of ―; as ante-cæcal, before the cæcum or ‘blind gut’; anteconsonantal, preceding a consonant; antecubital Anat., pertaining to the inner surface of the forearm; ante-initial, before the beginning, prefatory; ante-pectoral, in front of the breast.
1861Hulme Moquin-Tandon ii. i. 44 The small intestine or *anticæcal.
1909Webster, *Anteconsonantal. 1927Mod. Philology Nov. 226 OHG za- is the anteconsonantal form of zar-. 1937C. E. Bazell in Jrnl. Eng. & Ger. Philol. Jan 6 Part of a plural system wherein j represented before a vowel the ante-consonantal i of the other cases.
1893Funk's Standard Dict., *Antecubital. 1908Practitioner Sept. 486 The injection made into one of the large veins of the ante-cubital region. 1962Lancet 29 Dec. 1372/2 In other cases an ante⁓cubital vein was used.
1834Southey Doctor (1862) 2 The chapters *ante-initial and post-initial.
1826Kirby & Spence Entomol. IV. xxxviii. 38 The *antepectoral pair of the mole-cricket.
2. Of time or order: in which ante = Occurring or existing in the time before (a fact or condition, implied in the following adj., or definitely expressed by the following n.); as
a. with adj. ending: ante-Babylonish, -baptismal, -Christian, -ecclesiastical, -Gothic, -historic, -human; ante-jentacular, before breakfast; ante-judiciary, taking place before judgement; ante-Justinianian, -metallic, -mortal, -Mosaical, -Norman, -nuptial; ante-patriarchal, existing before the patriarchs; ante-posthumous, posthumous (professedly), but written before; ante-reformational, -revolutional, -revolutionary.
b. with n., forming attrib. phr.: ante-bridal, ante-communion, ante-reformation, ante-resurrection, ante-sunrise, ante-war. Cf. the L. ante-mortem, before-death. In this sense ante- varies with pre-.
1835I. Taylor Spir. Desp. iii. 96 The *antebabylonish Jews.
1850C. Wordsw. Occas. Serm. Ser. i. 104 *Ante-baptismal regeneration.
1847L. Hunt Men, Wom., & Bks. II. x. 219 *Ante-bridal trepidation.
1858Sears Athan. iii. iii. 270 What was the *ante-Christian doctrine respecting the condition of the dead?
1827Gentl. Mag. XCVII. ii. 487 This part of the *Ante-Communion Service is now so commonly omitted on Sundays.
1880Gunther Fishes 16 Several of such *antecuvierian works must be mentioned.
1829Southey in Q. Rev. XXXIX. 361 Its *ante-ecclesiastical history.
1834H. Coleridge Grk. Class. Poets 99 This event..is involved in the same thick mist of *ante-historic antiquity.
1860Farrar Orig. Lang. x. 214 Other languages also in an *ante-historical and embryonary state.
1861Tulloch Eng. Purit. ii. 264 He fills up the *ante-human space..by an array of spiritual machinery.
1811Knox & Jebb Corr. II. 44 This *ante-jentacular hour.
1679M. Prance Addit. Narr. 50 Purgatory, or *Antejudiciary and intermedial delivery of souls.
1880Muirhead Gaius Introd. 7 Any question of *Ante-Justinianian law.
1865Lubbock Preh. Times 60 The Stone age..the *ante-metallic period.
1827Hare Guesses ii. (1873) 556 If a spirit..were to revisit this home of its *antemortal existence.
1883Standard 16 May 5/2 The *ante-mortem treatment of the brutes.
1684T. Burnet Th. Earth I. 283, I look upon all other [books] that pretend to be *ante-Mosaical or patriarchal, as spurious and fabulous.
1863Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. iii. 11 As to the *ante-Norman councils.
1818Hallam Mid. Ages (1872) III. 75 To legitimate the duke of Lancaster's *ante-nuptial children.
1765Tucker Lt. Nat. II. 328 Primeval sages or *ante-patriarchal Saracens.
1855Wiseman Fabiola 220 The old capsarius as he had had himself rattlingly called in his *ante-posthumous inscription.
1852S. R. Maitland Essays 165 They had never seen any *ante-reformation Waldenses.
1861A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedr. 19th C. iii. 73 Bishop Osmond, the regulator of the *ante-reformational English ritual.
1858Sears Athan. iv. 25 The *ante-resurrection period.
1839W. Irving Wolfert's Roost (1855) 164 An old gentleman, whose dress was decidedly *ante-revolutional.
1860Mill Repres. Govt. (1865) 23/2 With Austria or *ante-revolutionary France.
1842Chamb. Jrnl. 30 July 231 The dim *ante-sunrise light.
1878N. Amer. Rev. CXXVII. 123 *Ante-war lightness of national taxation.
▪ II. ante-
in earlier spelling often put for anti-. |