| 释义 |
magnesium Chem.|mægˈniːsɪəm, -ˈiːʃ(ɪ)əm|
[f. magnesia, on the type of other names of metals in -um, -ium.]
†1. = manganese. Obs.
1808Sir H. Davy in Phil. Trans. XCVIII. 346, I shall venture to denominate the metals from the alkaline earths barium, strontium, calcium, and magnium: the last of these words is undoubtedly objectionable, but magnesium [footnote refers to Bergman Opusc. II. 200] has been already applied to metallic manganese.
2. A chemical element, one of the ‘metals of the alkaline earths’, being the base of magnesia.
Though one of the most widely diffused of elements it is found in nature only in composition, and was discovered by Sir H. Davy in 1807 and first successfully separated by Bussy in 1830, as a light silvery metal, ductile and malleable, which is stable in dry air but tarnishes when exposed to moisture, and burns with a blinding white light when held in a flame. Symbol Mg.
1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 352 That magnesia consists of magnesium and oxygene, is proved both by analysis and synthesis. 1841Brande Man. Chem. (ed. 5) 705. 1880 Nature XXI. 289 On the dichroitic fluorescence of magnesium-platinum-cyanide. 1881Lockyer in Nature No. 617. 394 The spectra are as distinct as the spectrum of magnesium.
3. attrib.: magnesium lamp, a lamp constructed to burn magnesium; magnesium light, a brilliant light produced by the combustion of magnesium; magnesium ribbon, thread, wire, a thin strip or wire of magnesium prepared for burning.
1860Photogr. News 8 June 70/2 A rival..to the strong lights hitherto used is like to spring up in Bunsen's *magnesium-lamp. 1871M. Collins Mrq. & Merch. I. vi. 204 A magnesium lamp stood on the table.
1860Photogr. News 8 June 70/2 The excellence of the *magnesium-light. 1871Kingsley At Last vi, My host,..by the help of the magnesium light, had penetrated further into the cave.
1890Anthony's Photogr. Bull. III. 126 *Magnesium ribbon.
1860Photogr. News 8 June 70/2 Notwithstanding the high price of the *magnesium thread.
1864Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. IX. 458 *Magnesium wire. 1878H. S. Wilson Alp. Ascents iii. 94 The intense flame of the magnesium wire. |