| 释义 |
macromolecule Chem.|ˌmækrəʊˈmɒlɪkjuːl, -ˈməʊlɪkjuːl|
[f. macro- + molecule.]
†a. A group of chemical molecules in a crystal bound together in a characteristic shape, which was once believed to account for the symmetry of the crystal. Obs.
1886G. J. Stoney in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1885 989 In iron pyrites, FeS2, the hemihedral form which is characteristic of this mineral..can be traced on from the chemical molecule FeS2 through a macromolecule which includes six of these as sub-molecules, and which is connected with the other similar macromolecules in a regular way.
b. [ad. G. makromolekel (Staudinger & Fritschi 1922, in Helv. Chim. Acta V. 788).] A molecule composed of a very large number of atoms and having a high molecular weight (e.g. a molecule of a polymer, a protein, or a nucleic acid).
1935Nature 19 Oct. 626/1 The now generally accepted view that the polymers and condensates must be regarded as constituted of macromolecules formed by the polymerization or condensation of single units. 1957New Biol. XXIII. 66 Proteins are macromolecules normally built up from hundreds or thousands of individual amino acid molecules, and possessing molecular weights in the range of 10,000 to several millions. 1959Sunday Times 5 Apr. 8/6 The macromolecules that are thought to have been the progenitors of living matter. 1969Sci. Jrnl. Nov. 15/3 The two key macromolecules of living things, proteins and nucleic acids, principally play the parts of catalyst and information carriers respectively.
So ˌmacromoˈlecular a., of, pertaining to, or consisting of a macromolecule or macromolecules.
1931Chem. Rev. VIII. 409 The physical properties of rubber..indicate..that it is macromolecular. 1958New Scientist 26 June 256/2 We know how the macromolecular mechanism of the chromosomes reshuffles the genes when the sperm and the eggs are formed. 1964G. H. Haggis et al. Introd. Molecular Biol. iv. 80 The helix is emerging today as a fundamental feature of macromolecular structure at several levels. 1970New Statesman 20 Mar. 406/3 Otto Wichterle, director of Macromolecular Chemistry in Prague. |