| 释义 |
▪ I. yeld, a. (n.) Sc. and north. dial.|jɛld|
Forms: 1 ᵹelde, 5– yeld, 6 ȝeld, ȝeild, ȝeald, 6–9 yeild, yeeld, 7 yeell, 8–9 yell, yeald, 9 yield, yeal, yeel, yill. See also eild.
[late OE. *ᵹielde, ᵹelde (in glosses), corresp. to MLG. galt, OHG., MHG. galt (MG. gelde, gelle, G. gelt), ON. geldr (MSw. galder, etc.): cf. geld a. and v.1]
1. Of an animal: Barren; that has missed having her young, or is not old enough to bear.
a1100Ags. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 226/22 Effeta, ᵹelde. Ibid. 394/26. 1411 Priory of Finchale (Surtees) 158, ix yeldbestis videlicet iiij vaccæ j stot ij quioks, ij stirketts. 1513Douglas æneis vi. iv. 32 Enee hym self..to the, Proserpyne, A ȝeld kow all to trynschit. 1538Reg. Privy Seal Scot. II. 386/2, xl ȝeild scheip. a1598D. Ferguson Scot. Prov. (1641) No. 47 A yeeld sow was never good to gryces. 1726Fleming's Fulfilling Script. (ed. 5) Table Scots Phr., Yeald, barren or dry. 1808Jamieson, Yeld,..3. Applied to cattle or sheep that are too young to bear, Dumfr. 1831Sutherland Farm Rep. 79 in Libr. Usef. Knowl., Husb. III, Yill gimmers. Ibid. 81 The yell ewes being all sorted off the herding a few days before the lambing begins. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 38 If she has never been put to the ram she gets the name of yeld-gimmer. 1886Athenæum 30 Oct. 560/2 To shoot the yeld hinds on the 15th of October. 1897Badminton Mag. Apr. 474 We have got altogether four bucks and a good yeld doe.
b. Of birds: In a single state, unmated. Sc.
1535Stewart Cron. Scot. III. 388 Birdis clekkit as tha war wont till do,..No nestis maid bot all that tyme war ȝeild. 1809A. Edmondston Zetl. Isl. II. 280 [They], not paring, are called yield kittiwakes.
2. Of cattle: Not yielding milk, from being in calf or from age; ‘dry’. Also of a nurse.
1670Contract in Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot. (1896) XXX. 20 Too tydie kay & four yeell kay. 1785Burns Addr. to Deil x, An' dawtet, twal-pint Hawkie's gane As yell's the Bill. 1793Statist. Acc. Scot. IX. 317 The yell cattle vary in numbers according to the seasons of the year. 1808Jamieson, Yeld, Yeald, Yell, Eild..A cow, although with calf, is said to gang yeld, when her milk dries up. A yeld nurse signifies a dry nurse. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xxxix, A wild farm in Northumberland, well stocked with milk-cows, yeald beasts, and sheep. 1864A. Leighton Myst. Leg. Edin. (1886) 8 ‘And wha will pay for the wet nurse?’ said I, ‘for ye ken I am as dry as a yeld crummie.’
3. Applied to inanimate objects that are sterile, unproductive, etc. (see quots.).
1721Kelly Scot. Prov. 42 Any thing is better than the Yell Kail. An Apology for having little, or bad, Fleshmeat. Ibid. foot-n., Yell is properly what gives no Milk, here it signifies boil'd without Meat, or having no Butter. 1824Mactaggart Gallovid. Encycl. s.v. Yell, A rock is said to be yell when it will not quarry but with gunpowder; a field is said to be yell when nothing will grow on it. 1825Jamieson, Yeld..8. Bleak, cold; applied to the weather, as denoting that it has no tendency to fruitfulness, or that it threatens sterility.
B. n. A barren cow or ewe; a hind that is not pregnant.
1856Morton Cycl. Agric. II. 727. 1886 W. Somerset Word-bk., Yeld..a female deer not pregnant.
Hence yeld (yell) v. trans., to make ‘yell’, keep from breeding.
1831Sutherland Farm Rep. 81 in Libr. Usef. Knowl., Husb. III, That..those least fit for breeding be yelled off for sale. Ibid., The contrivance of yelling or breeching a certain number of ewes in each herding.
▪ II. yeld
obs. form of eld n.2, age.
a1529Skelton Death Edw. IV, 86 Of no great yeld.
▪ III. yeld(e, (ȝeld(e)
var. ilde, obs. form of aisle.
1527Dunmow Churchw. MS. lf. 6 b, For mendynge of lede over the new chapell and over the ȝelde on the same syde. 1535in Weaver Wells Wills (1890) 82 In makyn and byldyn of the new yeld in the ch[urch] of B[romfelde]. xls.
▪ IV. yeld(e
obs. form of guild, yield. |