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æstival, estival, a.
(ˈɛstɪvəl, ɛˈstaɪvəl: see below)
Forms: 4 estyˈvall, 5–6 estiˈvall, ˈestivall, 6 æˈstival, 6– estival, æstival.
[a. Fr. estival (16th c. in Littré), ad. L. æstīvāl-is a secondary adj. f. æstīv-us (see æstive); said at first only of the (summer) solstice, afterwards used instead of æstīvus, as more analogous to vernālis, autumnālis, hiemālis. The spelling with æ after the Latin, is the more common in later times, especially in Nat. Hist. to which the word is chiefly restricted. The historical accentuation is ˈestival (cf. ˈfestival); but eˈstīval appears in 1590 and was adopted by Dr. Johnson, after anal. of auˈtumnal; the initial vowel in this and the following words in æst- is by many pronounced (iː-).]
1. Of or belonging to summer, or the summer solstice.
1386Almanak of Year (1812) 49 Fro þe stacyon of þe son estyval to þe stacyon of þe son hyemal. 1430Lydg. Chron. Troy i. iii, Where halowed is the stondyng estiuall Of freshe Appollo, with his golden wayne. 1535Stewart Cron. Scotl. I. 89 Fra the coluyre to tropic estivall. c1590Greene Poems (1861) 303 When in æstival Cancers gloomy bower The greater glory of the heavens doth shine. 1698[R. Ferguson] View of Eccles. 106 The Estival or Brumal Temper of the Air. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., æstival solstice, the time when the sun enters the æstival point. 1880M. Collins Th. in Gard. I. 235 You generally get true summer in August: this year it has been unusually æstival.
2. Appearing or produced in summer.
a1682Sir T. Browne Misc. 92 (R.) Beside vernal, estival, and autumnal, made of flowers, the ancients had also hyemal garlands. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 365, Leucojum æstivum; leaves hibernal, flowers æstival. |