| 释义 |
▪ I. † reˈnew, n. Obs.
Also 5 Sc. renewe.
[f. the vb.]
Renewal, new invention.
1423Jas. I Kingis Q. cxxv, And there we sawe the perfyte excellence, The said [? read sad] renewe, the state, the reuerence..Off hir court. 1615R. Brathwait Strappado, etc. (1878) 247 That both loue and hate, May make you happy louers by renew. 1631― Whimzies, Exchange-man 33 Who bray their braines in a mortar, to produce some usefull renew, some gainefull issue for their thriving master.
▪ II. renew, v.1|rɪˈnjuː|
Also 4–5 renuwe, 4–6 renewe, 5 Sc. ranew, 5–7 renue, 7 reniew.
[f. re- + new a., after L. renovāre to renovate. Cf. renovel and renule.]
I. trans.
†1. To do over again, revise. Obs.—1
c1374Chaucer To Scriv. 5 So offt a daye I mot þy werk renuwe, It to corect and eke to rubbe and scrape.
2. To make new, or as new, again; to restore to the same condition as when new, young, or fresh.
1382Wyclif Ps. ciii[i]. 30 Thou shalt renewe the face of the erthe. c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 770 Let make a stewe With rayn watir, thyn herbis to renewe. 1494Fabyan Chron. ii. xxxviii. 27 He renewyd and repayred al olde Temples thorough his Realme. 1535Coverdale 2 Chron. xv. 8 And [Asa] renued the Lordes altare. 1578Timme Calvin on Gen. 229 Souls are chosen..as a Seed purged from all dross, to renue the Church. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. v. i. 14 In such a night Medea gathered the inchanted hearbs That did renew old Eson. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 9 This Light..perfecteth, renueth, and preserueth all things. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 521 The cool Evening-breeze the Meads renews. 1781Cowper Charity 395 The soul whose sight all-quickening grace renews. 1823S. Rogers Italy, Bergamo 54 His long suit of black Dingy and thread⁓bare, though renewed in patches Till it has almost ceased to be the old one. 1833Tennyson Miller's Dau. 27 Would God renew me from my birth I'd almost live my life again. 1866Ruskin Crown Wild Olive Pref. 29 To dip themselves for an instant in the font of death, and to rise renewed of plumage.
refl.1490Caxton Eneydos xv. 54 Alle thynges renewen them at his commynge. 1535Coverdale Lam. iii. 23 His faithfulnes is greate, and renueth itself as the mornynge. 1607Shakes. Cor. v. vi. 49 Therefore shall he dye, And Ile renew me in his fall. 1821Shelley Hellas 348 Even as that moon Renews itself—Shall we be not renewed!
b. To make spiritually new; to regenerate.
1382Wyclif 2 Cor. iv. 16 That man that is withinne forth [1388 the ynner man] is renewid. ― Eph. iv. 23 Be ȝe renewid by spirit of ȝoure mynde. c1440Macro Plays 73/1142 Ande be renuyde in Gode knowynge a-geyn. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 1 Man is renewed..by the vij folde graces of the holy goost. 1548–9(Mar.) Bk. Com. Prayer, Collect Christmas Day, Graunt that we..maye dailye be renued by thy holy spirite. 1607Hieron Wks. I. 158 God is strong, able to pardon vs, able to renue vs. 1740Waterland Regeneration Wks. 1823 VI. 352 Man renews himself at the same time that the spirit renews him. 1866Neale Sequences & Hymns 123 The Paraclete that shall renew you.
c. To assume anew, to recover (one's original strength, youth, etc.).
1481Caxton Myrr. ii. vi. 78 Thus [he] reneweth his age as a wyse best that he is. 1560Bible (Genev.) Isa. xl. 31 They that waite vpon the Lord, shal renue their strength. c1600Shakes. Sonn. lvi, Sweet loue renew thy force. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 783 Heav'n his wonted face renewed. 1821Shelley Epipsych. 468 Dew, From which its fields and woods ever renew Their green and golden immortality. 1860Tennyson Tithonus 74 Thou wilt renew thy beauty morn by morn. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 236 In age we may renew our youth, and forget our sorrows.
†d. To reopen (a wound). Obs. rare.
1508Fisher 7 Penit. Ps. cxxx. Wks. (1876) 229 His woundes were so renewed that the blode yssued out afresshe. 1541R. Copland Galyen's Terap. Cc iv b, He estemeth yt the vlcerate plane must be renewed. Than whan yt it is made as a fresshe wounde [etc.].
e. refl. To refresh (oneself). nonce-use.
1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Note-bks. (1871) I. 30 We..renewed ourselves, at the close of the banquet, with a plate of Chateaubriand ice.
3. To restore, re-establish, set up again, bring back into use or existence.
1382Wyclif 1 Sam. xi. 14 Cometh, and goo we into Galgala, and renewe we there the rewme. 1402Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 75 Josie shal..make an ende of suche fendes, and Cristis reule shal renue. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. iv. (1520) 38/2 Crysten men had leve to renewe the servyce of god that was defended afore. 1533Bellenden Livy ii. xvi. (S.T.S.) I. 191 Þe romanis war makand þare provisioun to renew þe grete playis mony ȝere before hantit in þare ciete. 1567Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 574 The former corruptioun and abuse wes renewit. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 813 Mighty Cæsar..On the glad Earth the Golden Age renews. 1738Johnson London 25 We kneel, and..In pleasing dreams the blissful age renew.
†b. To re-enact, put in force again. Obs.
1494in Eng. Gilds (1870) 187 Thies ben the ordinaunces, Actes, and Statutes, made..by the Founders of the Gylde..; nowe renewed, and affermed. 1553Becon Reliques of Rome (1563) 95 b, This decree did Pope Eugenius the third renue.
4. To take up again or afresh; to resume; to begin again, recommence.
c1400Sowdone Bab. 2200 Laban nolde not forgete The saute to renewe. 1490Caxton Eneydos xv. 54 The byrdes renewen theyre swete songe gracyouse. 1535Coverdale 1 Macc. xii. 16 We..sente them vnto the Romaynes, for to renue the olde bonde of frendshipe and loue with them. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 74 They renewe the warres againe wt all their force and power. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xix. 22 The Turkes..renued their batterie with great force and 8. peeces at once. 1662J. Davies tr. Olearius' Voy. Ambass. 206 We..renew'd among our selves the friendship, which we had before mutually promis'd. 1671Milton P.R. iv. 19 As..surging waves against a solid rock, Though all to shivers dash't, the assault renew. 1771Junius Lett. lix. (1788) 317 She will be ready to receive him whenever he thinks proper to renew his addresses. 1790Cowper Mother's Pict. 116, I seem..To have renewed the joys that once were mine. 1817Earl of Dudley Lett. (1840) 162, I..was beginning to think that it was high time our correspondence should be renewed. 1821Shelley Adonais xviii, The airs and streams renew their joyous tone. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 112 Socrates renews the attack from another side.
b. To resume (a speech, subject, etc.).
1667Milton P.L. ix. 1133 Adam..Speech intermitted thus to Eve renewd. Ibid. xi. 499 Adam..scarce recovering words his plaint renew'd. 1792Cowper Stanza v. 22 Conscience oft Her tale of guilt renews. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian xiii, He ventured to renew the subject nearest his heart.
c. To say in resumption.
1687Dryden Hind. & P. ii. 401 Then thus the matron modestly renewed: ‘Let all your prophets and their sects be viewed’. 1853Lytton My Novel ix. xvi, ‘And’, he renewed, after a pause,—‘and you ascribe this fear of seeing me’ [etc.].
5.
†a. To go over again, to repeat, relate afresh.
14..Sir Beues (MS. M) 868 Iosyan, that was so trewe, Thought she wold her love renewe. c1450Holland Howlat 254 It neidis nocht to renewe all myn vnhele, Sen it was menit to ȝour mynd, and maid manifest. [Cf. ibid. 708, 872.] c1530Crt. of Love 495 To turn, and sigh and grone,..And eke renew the wordes all that she Bitween you twain hath seid. 1549Latimer 5th Serm. bef. Edw. VI (Arb.) 137 Here I wyll renewe that whyche I sayed before of the styf⁓necked Iewes. 1596Spenser F.Q. iv. viii. 64 Then gan he all this storie to renew, And tell the course of his captivitie.
b. To repeat (a promise, vow, etc.); to make or utter again.
1509Fisher Funeral Serm. C'tess Richmond Wks. (1876) 294 She..promysed to lyue chaste,..whiche promyse she renewed after her husbandes dethe. 1596Spenser F.Q. v. xi. 45 They turne afresh, and oft renew their former threat. 1710Steele Tatler No. 266 ⁋3 The Lady renewed her Excuses. 1817Shelley Rev. Islam iv. xxi, Lovers renew the vows which they did plight In early faith.
c. To do over again, to repeat (an action). rare.
1599Shakes. Hen. V, i. ii. 116 Awake remembrance of these valiant dead, And with your puissant Arme renew their Feats. 1781J. Morison in Sc. Paraphr. xxxv. iii, Oft the sacred rite renew Which brings my wondrous love to view. 1864Tennyson En. Ard. 161 Many a sad kiss by day by night renew'd.
6. To replace by some new or fresh thing of the same kind; to restore by means of substitution or a fresh supply; to fill (a vessel) again.
1439in Ancestor (1904) July 16, I wol..that the tapres be renewed til the month be endet. c1530H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. (1867) 67 Loke the cup of Wyne or ale be not empty, but ofte renued. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xiii. 14 b, We renewed our beuerage out of certaine cesternes. 1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. i. (1594) 632 They create the duke and the eight governors of the commonwealth, who are renued from two yeeres to two yeeres. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 157 These Hangings are renewed every seven Years by the Ottoman Emperours. 1726Pope Odyss. xix. 590 She to the fount conveys the exhausted vase: The bath renew'd [etc.]. 1784Cowper Task i. 434 Beneath the open sky she spreads the feast; 'Tis free to all—'tis every day renewed. a1796Burns You're welcome, Willie Stewart 6 Come, bumpers high,..The bowl we maun renew it. 1821Shelley Hellas 1062 The earth doth like a snake renew Her winter weeds outworn. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxi. 146 The condensed vapour incessantly got away, but it was ever renewed.
†b. To change, make a change in. Obs. rare.
c1530Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Bryt. (1814) 471 Thei wer Sarasyns borne, but as than thei had renewed theyr byleue, and were crystened in Fraunce. a1533― Huon clxi. 619 Fyrste ye muste renewe your law and byleue in y⊇ lawe of Mahomet, on whome I do byleue.
c. To repair, make up for. rare—1.
1768Tucker Lt. Nat. II. i. 136 Though the corporealists can find nothing to renew the decays of motion.
7. To revive, reawaken (a feeling).
1484Caxton Fables of Alfonce xi, My fayre Frend, renewe not my sorowe. 1494Fabyan Chron. vi. clxx. 164 The kynge was ascertayned therof; the whiche renued his heuynesse. a1533Ld. Berners Huon lxx. 238 The auncyent hate..was renewed in his hert. 1615R. Brathwait Strappado, etc. (1878) 266 Renewing griefe with each renewing morrow. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 509 The Sun's sultry Heat their Thirst renews. 1820Shelley Let. Maria Gisborne 174 Quenching a thirst ever to be renewed.
b. To revive, resuscitate, in various uses.
1535Coverdale Ps. l[i]. 10 Make me a clene hert (o God) and renue a right sprete within me. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 30 Thou renewest [L. resuscitas] the errours therin condemned. 1648Milton Ps. lxxxv. 28 Thy saving health to us afford And life in us renew. 1660R. Coke Power & Subj. 259 It is his Majesties pleasure to have the memory of things rather buried in oblivion then renued. 1726Atterbury Serm. I. vi. 235 [I have] endeavour'd to renew a faint Image of her several Virtues..upon your Minds.
†c. To strike afresh. Obs. rare—1.
1609Bible (Douay) Ecclus. xxxviii. 30 [28] The noyse of the hammer reneweth his eare, and his eye is against the similitude of the vessel.
8. To grant anew, esp. to grant or give (a lease, bill, etc.) for a fresh period; to extend the period or application of; also, to take afresh, to obtain an extension of.
1617Moryson Itin. ii. 94 His Lordship to settle the Country the better, refused to renew any protections. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 116 Intermix My Cov'nant in the Womans seed renewd. 1671― Samson 1357 Shall I..so requite Favour renew'd? 1727–8Berkeley Let. to Prior 20 Feb., Mr. Petit Rose writes me..about renewing his lease. 1867Mrs. J. H. Riddell Far above Rubies II. xii. 295 Arthur never insisted on a settlement of their accounts, never objected to renew bills. 1887Ruskin Præterita II. 391 The lease expired..and she did not care to renew it. 1896Law Times C. 488/1 The trustees on its expiration at the end of a year, refused to renew this ticket.
b. absol. To give a fresh lease or bill.
1688Wood Life 19 Nov. (O.H.S.) III. 283 He hath had a good yeare lately for renewing and hath received 800 li. 1837Thackeray Ravenswing i, ‘Won't the party renew?’ ‘Impossible—it's the third renewal’. 1875W. S. Gilbert Tom Cobb 1, I suppose I have renewed oftener than any man aloive!
9. intr. To grow afresh, become new again.
1414Brampton Penit. Ps. (Percy Soc.) 43 Out of here handys I may noȝt fle, But ȝyf thi grace in me renewe. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 243 Whan blood renewyth in every creature, Som observaunce doyng to nature. 1473Paston Lett. III. 103, I praye yow be ware that the olde love of Pampyng renewe natt. 1508Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen 116 Quhen that the sound of his saw sinkis in my eris, Than ay renewis my noy. 1549–62Sternhold & H. Ps. ciii. v, Like as the Eagle castes her bill, Wherby her age renueth. 1578Lyte Dodoens 310 Causing the heare to renewe and growe againe. 1607Shakes. Timon iv. iii. 68 Renew I could not like the Moone. 1621Bp. R. Montagu Diatribæ 299 But come wee to Primitias, renuing and growing euery yeere. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. x. 106 Gallus, for whom my holy Flames renew Each Hour. 1725Pope Odyss. viii. 569 Thus while he sung, Ulysses' griefs renew. 1766Compl. Farmer s.v. Tan, If the tan is forked up,..the heat will renew again.
†b. To change by growth. Obs. rare.
1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton 1483) iv. ii. 58 These pepyns myght nought kyndely as they shold renewen in to a good Appeltree. c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 116 Out of their lond eek seedis wol renewe And chaunge hem silf.
†10. To begin a fresh attack, to return or come back, upon one; to renew the fight. Obs.
c1470Henry Wallace v. 289 Sad men in deid wpon him can renew. Ibid. vii. 707 Ynglis archaris apon thaim can ranew. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. v. v. 6 Renew, renew, the fierce Polidamas Hath beate downe Menon. a1656Bp. Hall Rem. Wks. (1660) 35 My former Complaint renewed upon me.
†b. To return (to one); to come back. Obs.
c1470Henry Wallace x. 691 Feill scalyt folk to thaim will son ranew. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 448 Time is lost, which never will renew, While we too far the pleasing Path pursue.
11. To begin again, recommence.
1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. cccxxvii. 511 Howe the warre renewed bytwene the french kyng, and the kyng of Nauerre. 1583T. Stocker Civ. Warres Lowe C. i. 37 b, This tumult and trouble was supressed, yet renued it agayne. 1640tr. Verdere's Rom. of Rom. iii. 223 Whereupon the combat renewed with more cruelty than before. 1744Harris Three Treat. iii. ii. (1765) 184 Our former Conversation insensibly renewed. 1771Goldsm. Hist. Eng. II. 62 The battle renewing at the dawn of the ensuing day. 1802M. Moore Lascelles III. 161 Their intimacy renewed, and Mrs. Carisbrooke was as communicative as [etc.].
†12. To resume relations with a person. Obs.
1768Woman of Honor I. 175 She sincerely detests any thought of renewing with him. Ibid. II. 134 If he had seen the least glimpse of an opening to renew with you.
▪ III. † renew, v.2 Obs. rare—1.
[ad. F. renouer († -nuer, -noer) to tie again, f. re- re- + nouer to tie.]
trans. To tie (a horse) to a thing.
c1400Sowdone Bab. 1126 Where he was light and toke his rest, His stede renewed til a grene tre. |