| 释义 |
▪ I. loin, n.|lɔɪn|
Forms: 4–7 loyne, 6–7 loine, 6–8 loyn, (5 lony, 6 loigne, 9 dial. line), 7– loin. See also lunyie.
[ad. OF. loigne, logne, dialectal variant of longe (mod.F. longe loin of veal) = Sp. lonja piece of ham:—med.L. *lumbea, fem. of *lumbeus adj., belonging to the loin, f. L. lumbus loin:—WAryan *londhwo-: see lend n.1]
1. a. In the living body. Chiefly pl. The part or parts of a human being or quadruped, situated on both sides of the vertebral column, between the false ribs and the hip-bone.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. xliii. (1495) 160 The place called the loynes is in the sydes of the joyntes of the rydge. 1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. F iij b, The loynes are musculous flesshes lyeing in the sydes of the spondyles of the backe. 1545T. Raynalde Byrth Mankynde (1552) 15 b, From the ryght syde..descendeth a braunche..downe towardes the right loynes. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xxiv. (Arb.) 290 An high paire of silke nether⁓stocks that couered all his buttockes and loignes. 1605Shakes. Lear ii. iv. 9 Horses are tide by the heads,..Monkies, by th' loynes, and Men by th' legs. 1667Milton P.L. v. 282 The middle pair Girt like a Starrie Zone his waste, and round Skirted his loines and thighes with downie Gold. c1720W. Gibson Farrier's Dispens. xiv. (1734) 269 Nothing will contribute more to strengthen a Horses Shoulders or Loyns. 1784Cowper Task i. 45 But restless was the chair; the back erect Distressed the weary loins, that felt no ease. 1789W. Buchan Dom. Med. (1790) 525 A sense of heat, weight, and dull pain in the loins. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 135 Good hand-rubbing..should be used..about the loins.
b. In an animal used for food; chiefly, the joint of meat which includes the vertebræ of the loins.
c1302Pol. Songs (Camden) 191 We shule flo the Conyng, ant make roste is loyne. c1440Promp. Parv. 312/2 Loyne of flesche (S. lony), lumbus, elumbus. c1460Towneley Myst. xii. 232 Alle a hare bot the lonys. 1486Bk. St. Albans C iij b, Then the loynes of the hare loke ye not forgete. 1555in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford 228 Item, a loyne of vele,..xvjd. 1598Epulario B j, The Loine [of a Bucke] may be rosted, and the legs baked. 1680Earl of Dorset On C'tess Dorchester 12 So have I seen in Larder dark Of Veal a lucid Loin,..At once both stink and shine. 1711Swift Jrnl. to Stella 4 Apr., I dined..at home on a loin of mutton and half a pint of wine. 1727W. Mather Yng. Man's Comp. 30 Loyn, of Veal. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. p. xxi, The Brighton butchers sold..loins of mutton at 6d. per lb. 1862Mrs. Carlyle Lett. III. 101 The cookery..would suit you:—constant loins of roast mutton.
2. Chiefly Biblical and poet. This part of the body, regarded
a. as the part of the body that should be covered by clothing and about which the clothes are bound; so, to gird (up) the loins (lit. and fig.), to prepare for strenuous exertion.
1526Tindale Matt. iii. 4 This Jhon had his garment off camels heer and a gerdell off a skynne aboute his loynes. 1535Coverdale Prov. xxxi. 17 She gyrdeth hir loynes with strength. 1605Shakes. Lear ii. iii. 10 My face Ile grime with filth, Blanket my loines. 1667Milton P.L. ix. 1096 Some Tree whose broad smooth Leaves together sowd, And girded on our loyns, may cover round Those middle parts. 1742Collins Ode Poet. Charac. 21 To gird their blest prophetick loins. 1753Smart Hilliad i. 27 Her loins with patch-work cincture were begirt. 1833L. Ritchie Wand. by Loire 17 It was necessary, therefore, to gird up our loins and walk. 1855Browning Statue & Bust, The unlit lamp and the ungirt loin. 1877Bryant Odyss. v. 280 And round about her loins Wound a fair golden girdle. 1880Mrs. E. Lynn Linton Rebel of Fam. II. v, He was standing like the impersonation of masculine punctuality with loins girded.
b. as the seat of physical strength and of generative power. † Hence occas. used as an equivalent for ‘sire’, ‘offspring’, ‘descendants’. Also fig.
1535Coverdale Gen. xxxv. 11 Kynges shall come out of thy loynes. 1577–87Hooker Chron. Irel. 134/1 in Holinshed, John earle of Bath, whose ancestors were descended from out of the loines of kings. 1599Shakes. Much Ado iv. i. 137 This shame deriues it selfe from vnknowne loines. 1611Bible Job xl. 16 Loe now, his strength is in his loynes. ― Isa. xlv. 1, I will loose the loines of kings. 1616R. C. Times' Whistle iv. 1541 Impious villaine! to defame the fruit Of thine owne loynes. 1628Gaule Pract. Theory (1629) Ep. Ded., And when it shall descend to your Loynes; may you be inuested with the Crowne, which..fadeth not. a1635Naunton Fragm. Reg. (Arb.) 27 By inter⁓marriage with the Lady Iane Grey,..to bring it [the crown] about into his [Northumberland's] loynes. 1667Milton P.L. i. 352 A multitude, like which the populous North Pour'd never from her frozen loyns. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 459 What boots it, that from Phœbus Loins I spring. 1786A. Gib Sacr. Contempl. ii. iii. ii. 120 All his natural posterity, as being all in his loins. 1790Cowper Receipt Mother's Pict. 109 My boast is not, that I deduce my birth From loins enthroned, and rulers of the earth. 1826J. Wilson Noct. Ambr. Wks. I. 255 About a dizzen and a half—the legitimate produce o' the Eerish couple's ain fruitfu lines. 1847Tennyson Princess v. 495, I thought, can this be he From Gama's dwarfish loins? 1880L. Morris Ode of Life 43 The Future lies within thy loins, and all the Days to be To thee Time giveth to beget.
3. attrib. and Comb., as loin-ache, loin-guard, loin-rag (= loin-cloth), loin-steak; loin-cloth, a cloth worn round the loins.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 1075 This *loin ache is apt to reappear.
1859R. F. Burton Centr. Afr. in Jrnl. Geogr. Soc. XXIX. 324 The remainder of the dress is a *loin-cloth of white domestics or of indigo dyed cotton. 1894Daily News 1 Aug. 5/5 In cold or rainy weather the cab-horses have waterproof loin-cloths.
1895Oracle Encycl. I. 180/1 Brayette and *loin-guard to protect the abdomen.
1929D. H. Lawrence Escaped Cock ii. 49 He peeped round..adjusting his *loin-rag. 1938R. Graves Coll. Poems 184 Nor yet that brooding Hindu heat For which a loin-rag and a dish of rice Suffice until the pestilent monsoon.
1868Rep. Iowa Agric. Soc. 1867 127 The reason..is the same that persons have for preferring *loin-steaks to those cut from just aft of the horns.
▪ II. † loin, v.1 Obs. rare—1.
trans. The technical term for ‘to carve’ (a sole).
c1486Bk. St. Albans F vij b, A Sole loyned. A Gurnarde chyned. A Tenche sawced.
▪ III. † loin, v.2 Obs. rare—1.
[aphetic f. aloyn.]
trans. To keep apart.
14..Siege Jerus. 63/1088 Doun þei daschen þe dores: dei scholde þe berde, Þat mete yn þis meschef hadde from men loyned.
▪ IV. loin
obs. form of line v.1 and v.3
1587Harrison Descr. Brit. iii. vii. (1878) ii. 49 The Indians, who tie their sault bitches often in woods, that they might be loined by tigers. 1679Wood Life 3 May (O.H.S.) II. 449 Dr. Michael Roberts..died with a girdle loyned with broad gold about him (100l. they say). |