| 释义 |
liverwort|ˈlɪvəwɜːt|
[tr. med.L. hepatica (applied to plants having liver-shaped parts or used in diseases of the liver). Cf. G. leberkraut, Du. leverkruid.]
A name of various plants.
1. The lichen-like plant Marchantia polymorpha; = hepatica 2. Sometimes called Stone Liverwort.
a1100in Archiv Stud. neu. Spr. LXXXIV. 326 Wiþ liferadle. Nim liferwyrt & bere hi man onder cneowe. a1387Sinon. Barthol. (Anecd. Oxon.) 19 Epatica, liver⁓wort. c1450Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 57 Epatica..crescit in saxis..et uidetur quasi frustula membrane inherentia..anglice, a liureuurt. 1533Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 9 b, Thynges good for the Lyver: Lyverworte. 1538Turner Libellus, Lyverwort, Lichen. 1562― Herbal ii. 36 Liuerwurt sodden in wine is good for the diseases of the liuer and longes. 1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxx. 411 Stone Liuerwort spreadeth it selfe abroade vpon the ground, hauing wrinckled, or crimpled leaues layde one vpon another as the scales of fishe. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 130 Liver-wort grows near Springs, Wells, and Watry Places, very low, almost like a Moss. 1858Lewes Sea-side Stud. 74 Springs, glossy with liverwort and feathery with fern. 1867J. Hogg Microsc. ii. i. 308 The little group of Hepaticae or Liverworts which is intermediate between Lichens and Mosses. 1875Bennett & Dyer Sachs' Bot. 185 The two flat sides of the gemmæ of this liverwort are identical.
2. Anemone (Hepatica) triloba; = hepatica 1. Formerly called Noble Liverwort, Three-leaf Liverwort. (The name in U.S. is liver-leaf.)
1578Lyte Dodoens i. xl. 59 [It] maye be called in English Hepatica, Noble Agrimonie, or Three leafe Lyuerwurte. Ibid., The Hepatica or Noble Lyverwurte is a souveraigne medicine against the heate..of the Lyver. 1629Parkinson Parad. xxix. 226 In English you may call them either Hepatica, after the Latine name, as most doe, or Noble Liuerwort. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. vi. 101 Herba Trinitatis..obtaineth that name onely from the figure of its leaves, and is one kinde of liverworte or Hepatica.
†3. Agrimony, Agrimonia Eupatoria. Obs.
1578Lyte Dodoens i. xxxix. 57 In Latine Eupatorium,..in base Almaigne Agrimonie, and of some Leuercruyt, that is to say, Liuerwurte. 1617Minsheu Ductor 9 Agrimony,..called also Liuer-wort because it is good for the liuer.
4. With qualification: ground liverwort, Peltidea canina; marsh liverwort, the genus Riccia; water liverwort, Water Crowfoot, Ranunculus aquatilis; white liverwort, Parnassus Grass, Parnassia palustris; wood liverwort, the lichen Sticta pulmonacea.
1597Gerarde Herbal ii. ccxciv. 692 Parnassus Grasse or white Liuerwoort. Ibid. iii. clviii. 1375 Hepatica terrestris, Ground Liuerwort. Ibid. clix. 1377 Lungwoort, or woode Liuerwoort. 1736Bailey Househ. Dict. 296 Lichen cinereus terrestris,..Ash coloured Ground Liverwort. 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 317 Liver-wort, Marsh, Riccia. 1866Treas. Bot. 858/1 Peltidea, a genus of lichens the species of which are vulgarly confounded with Marchantia under the name of liverwort. The herbalists, however, distinguish them as Ground Liverwort. |