| 释义 |
liquidation|lɪkwɪˈdeɪʃən|
[n. of action f. late L. liquidāre to liquidate. Cf. F. liquidation.]
1. Law. The action or process of ascertaining and apportioning the amounts of a debt, etc.
c1575Balfour's Practicks (1754) 41 Liquidation of prices of fermis. 1731Bailey vol. II, Liquidation, an ascertainment of some dubious or disputable sum; or of the respective pretensions which 2 persons may have to the same liquid or clear sum. 1737Ibid., Liquidation [in trade] the order and method which a trader endeavours to establish in his affairs.
2. a. The clearing off or settling (of a debt).
1786R. King in Life & Corr. (1894) I. 6 How far a liquidation by the scale will be equitable or just, in your estimation, I cannot say. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. Wks. V. 226 The national debt, for the liquidation of which there is the one exhaustless fund. 1804Wellington in Gurw. Desp. III. 272 It shall be applied to the liquidation of his debt to the Company. 1850Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) I. ix. 382 His property was confiscated to the state in liquidation of the fine. 1879Lubbock Addr. Pol. & Educ. vi. 127 The liquidation of Debt is a national duty.
b. Chess. The partial clearing of the board, by an exchange of pieces, to obtain an obviously winning position; simplification.
1965Love & Hodgkins Further Chess Ideas xv. 124 Sometimes, too, under pressure of an enemy attack and with good end game prospects if ever one should be reached, wholesale exchanges are most welcome. This is called liquidation. 1965W. H. Cozens tr. Euwe & Kramer's Middle Game II. x. 185 The problem of liquidation is to select the precise moment when pieces, or some particular piece, should be exchanged... Judicious liquidation involves steering a middle course between the one extreme of premature simplification and the other extreme of interminable ‘wood shifting’. 1966New Statesman 2 Dec. 854/3 True enough, White is a P up, but the Black heavy artillery is well placed. Yet, hey presto: a miraculous ‘liquidation’, and a won ending in a few moves.
3. a. The action or process of winding up the affairs of a company, etc.; the state or condition of being wound up; esp. in phr. to go into liquidation. Also, the selling of certain assets in order to achieve greater liquidity. (See quot. 1965.)
1869Echo 23 Mar., The..Company (limited) has passed into voluntary liquidation. 1873Daily News 22 Sept. 3/2 The notifications..for the liquidation of ecclesiastical property in Rome number more than 60. 1874Mrs. J. H. Riddell Mortomley II. viii. 99 If his own brother had gone into liquidation. 1879Daily News 7 Jan. 5/5 A petition for liquidation in bankruptcy. 1880Ibid. 28 Oct., The vast majority of defaulters have their affairs arranged in liquidation. 1909Westm. Gaz. 2 Mar. 4/2 As many people..think that the word ‘liquidation’ must necessarily be associated with bankruptcy.., I am asked to state officially that the liquidation of the old company is only one step in the course of reconstruction for the purpose of obtaining fresh capital. 1929Observer 17 Nov. 4/2 The Rhodesian share market was in a depressed condition, owing to the liquidation taking place on American account. 1939J. A. Schumpeter Business Cycles I. iv. 149 Abnormal liquidation destroys many things which could and would have survived without it. 1965McGraw-Hill Dict. Mod. Econ. 299 Liquidation, the process of selling assets, such as inventories or securities in order to achieve a better cash position.
b. [f. liquidate v. 7.] The action or process of abolishing or eliminating; the doing away with or killing of unwanted persons.
1925tr. L. Trotzky's Whither England? vi. 145 History is liquidating liberalism and preparing for the liquidation of pseudo-labor pacifism. 1932Week-end Rev. 2 Jan. 24/1 The Russians..took starvation almost as a matter of course, just as they..take as a matter of course the liquidation of unfortunate individuals with contra-revolutionary idealogies. 1949F. Maclean Eastern Approaches i. ii. 24 There was nothing new in the ‘liquidation’, as it was called, of public figures. For some years past numerous politicians and others had met with this fate, variously branded as ‘Trotskists’ [sic], ‘wreckers’,..and so on. 1952Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 20 Sept. 37/1 Liquidation..was extended..to persons in..the Party... The liquidation occurred during the purges (a revolting combination).
4. The action or fact of partaking of an alcoholic drink. rare.
1889F. E. Gretton Memory's Harkback 311 As regards liquidation, champagne..is now almost as vin ordinaire. 1909‘O. Henry’ Roads of Destiny vii. 106 His desire for liquidation was expressed so heartily that I went with him to a café..where we had some vile vermouth and bitters. |