| 释义 |
▪ I. † yfere, n. Obs.
Forms: 1 ᵹefera, 2–3 ifere, ivere, 3 iuære, iuare, ifære, ifeire, yfere. pl. 1 ᵹeferan, 2 ȝeferen, 2–3 iferen, 2–4 ifere, iuere, 3–4 yfere, yuere, 3 iveres.
[OE. ᵹeféra, f. ᵹe- y- 1 a + fœ̄r-, mutated f. fōr-: faran to go.]
A companion, mate, fellow, associate.
c870Codex Aureus Inscr., Ic Aelfred aldormon & Werburg min ᵹefera. c1000ælfric Gen. iii. 12 Þæt wif, þæt þu me forᵹeafe to ᵹeferan. a1200Moral Ode 229 In helle his hunger and þurst, twa uuele iuere. c1205Lay. 26012 Arður hine teh Bi-siden his iferen [c 1275 iveres]. a1225Juliana 48 Englene ifere ant arcanglene freond. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 5994 Vor suan..adde euere is yuere, Þre velawes þat next him were. a1300K. Horn 235 Hom rod Aylmer þe kyng, Ant horn wiþ him..Ant alle his yfere. 13..K. Alis. 6906 (Laud MS.) Þoo wepe þe kyng & hise yfere.
▪ II. † yfere, adv. Obs. (from 6 to 8 arch.)
Forms: 3–4 ifere, yvere, 4–8 yfere, 5 yfeere, yffere, 6 yfeere, yfeare, Sc. yfeir. β. 4 yferes, 6 Sc. yferis.
[Origin uncertain. The available evidence favours on the whole the supposition that the adverb arose out of the predicative use of ifere, pl. of yfere n. ‘companions, associates’, hence ‘associated’ (see introductory quots. below); if this were so, the form in fere (from c 1330) arose from analysing ifere as i, in prep. + fere n.2 With the β-form cf. togethers, and see -s suffix.]
In company; together. (Extensively used in ME. poetry as a riming tag; rare in prose.)
[a1200[see yfere n.]. c1205Lay. 27435 Twein kinges þere æuere weoren ifere. c1275Ibid. 24750 Euere tweine and tweyne wenden i-vere [earlier text æuer tweie and tweie tuhte to-somne ælc mid his honde heold his iuere]. a1300S. Michael in Pop. Treat. Sci. (1841) 136 Ther is turment strong Of wynd, of water, and of fur, and thaye threo were i-fere. ]
a1300XV Signa 117 in E.E.P. (1862) 11 Al þe see sal draw ifere as a walle to stond up riȝt. c1330Assump. Virg. (B.M. MS.) 859 Cryst of heuene..Amonge þe apostles sone he lyȝt, And gret hem alle yfere. c1350Will. Palerne 2267 In caue þei lyen, & slepen samen y-fere. 13..Gosp. Nicod. (A.) 751 And þai for skorne sayd alle yfere. c1374Chaucer Troylus ii. 1116 With þat þey wente arm in arm y fere [v. rr. in fere, yfere] In to þe gardeyn from þe chaumbre doun. c1380Sir Ferumb. 1269 We buþ knyȝtes alle y-vere y-born in douce fraunce. c140026 Pol. Poems xvii. 192 What soule is syk, lay þat herbe aboue, Hit makeþ hool al y-fere. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 2295 And whan I herde al thys yfere, I wex abaysshed in my chere. c1430Two Cookery-bks. 18 Þan take Pepyr, an Safroun, an Brede, y-grounde y-fere. 1508Dunbar Goldyn Targe 147 Syne folowit all hir dameselis yfere. 1566Drant Horace Sat. i. i. A ij b, They feede and feele the fruit of that, which once they gott yfeare. 1583B. Melbancke Philotimus S ij, As litle ioy I feare, should we feele yfere, as did the two vnsensible pictures. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. ix. 1 O goodly golden chaine, wherewith yfere The vertues linked are in louely wize. 1600England's Helicon F j b, Harpalus and eke Corin were Heard-men both yfere. 1642H. More Song of Soul i. ii. lxxv, Then let's all go yfere. 1748Thomson Cast. Indol. ii. xxxv, And much they moraliz'd as thus yfere they yode. 1768Downman Land of Muses lv, There passed by the sister Graces bright,..Benevolence and Gratitude y-fere.
βc1390Form of Cury i. xxii. (1780) 20 Take brede and þ⊇ self broth and drawe it up yferes. 1513Douglas æneis vi. v. 25 Baith matrouns, and thair husbandis, all yferis. |