| 释义 |
lineament|ˈlɪnɪəmənt|
Forms: 6 lineamente, linyament, 6–7 liniament, lyniament, 6– lineament.
[a. F. linéament, ad. L. līneāmentum, f. līneāre (in the unrecorded sense ‘to trace lines’: see line v.1), f. līnea line n.2]
†1. A line; also, a delineation, diagram, outline, sketch; pl. outlines, designs. lit. and fig. Obs.
1570Dee Math. Pref. 41 The whole Feate of Architecture in buildyng, consisteth in Lineamentes, and in Framing. 1587Harrison England ii. ii. (1877) i. 51 Circles, characters, & lineaments of imagerie. a1640J. Ball Answ. Canne i. (1642) 33, I see here a perfect image of the Brownists..but not so much as any lineament of any English Protestant Preacher. 1669Gale Crt. Gentiles i. i. ii. 15 The choicest parts [of Grecian Metaphysics]..received their first lineaments, and configuration from [etc.]. 1675tr. Camden's Hist. Eliz. To Rdr. b 3, A great part of these Annals..lay yet shadowed in their first Lineaments. 1709–29V. Mandey Syst. Math., Geom. 137 All Magnitude is either a Line, or a Lineament or Diagram. 1752Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 237 The broken lineaments of the piece..are carefully studied. 1794Sullivan View Nat. V. 395 The imagination, being free in the choice of its colors and lineaments, incessantly passes from object to object. 1811Pinkerton Petral. p. viii, Diversity may be used to imply a still greater difference than the variety presents. A very faint shade of difference might, if necessary, be called a lineament.
†b. A minute portion, a trace; pl. elements, rudiments. Obs.
1686Goad Celest. Bodies i. x. 38 The first Lineaments of Mist or Fog, we impute to the Influence of {jup}. 1686Snape Anat. Horse iv. vii. 159 The Muscles of the Ears in..men..are so very small, that Galen calls them the lineaments of Muscles. 1811Pinkerton Petral. II. 323 The paste..encloses some lineaments of black mica.
†2. A portion of the body, considered with respect to its contour or outline, a distinctive feature. Obs.
In the 17–18th c. very frequently applied to the parts of insects.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) IV. 255 The liniamentes of his body and membres. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 3 God hath no lineamentes nor partes corporall. 1540Morysine Vives' Introd. Wysd. B v, Beautie standeth in suche liniamentes, shape, and portrature of the body, as [etc.]. 1605Camden Rem. 7 Equalling the most excellent inhabitants of the earth, both in the endowments of minde and lineaments of bodie. 1611J. S. Hooker's Eccl. Pol. To Rdr., Beholding the goodly Lineaments of their well set Bodies. a1631Donne Serm. vii. 64 In the Scriptures, those bodily lineaments, head and feet, and hands, and eyes, and eares be ascribed to God. 1650Fuller Pisgah iv. v. 85 Insects, with so many lineaments in a little compass, that [etc.]. 1671Milton P.R. i. 91 Man he seems In all his lineaments, though in his face The glimpses of his Father's glory shine. 1707Miege State Gt. Brit. ii. 50 The Lineaments of their Bodies are..well proportioned. 1733Swift On Poetry Wks. 1755 IV. i. 197 What lineaments divine we trace Through all his figure, mien, and face! 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) I. 36 Men are even as their fellow⁓insects; they rise to life, exert their lineaments, and flutter abroad.
b. fig. in pl. (Now associated with the narrower sense 3.) Distinctive features or characteristics.
1638Rouse Heav. Univ. iv. (1702) 29 Yet have we other fruits that by some kindred may seem to counterfeit some Lineaments of that taste. a1680Butler Rem. (1759) II. 103 So near of Kin are all fantastic Illusions, that you may discern the same Lineaments in them all. 1709Swift Advancem. Relig. Wks. 1755 II. i. 97 Tracing, however imperfectly, some few lineaments in the character of a lady. 1750G. Hughes Barbadoes Pref. 5 The most beautiful lineaments in the character of Cato are owing to this excellent science. 1796Burke Let. Noble Ld. Wks. VIII. 52 Complete in all the lineaments of men of honour. 1840Macaulay Clive Ess. (1887) 526 Some lineaments of the character of the man were early discerned in the child. 1845Stephen Comm. Laws Eng. (1874) II. 68 To trace the principal lineaments of the law of contract. 1864Kirk Chas. Bold I. i. 13 The general lineaments of the era that was passing away.
3. In narrower sense, a portion of the face viewed with respect to its outline; a feature.
1513More in Grafton Chron. (1568) II. 789 Aswell in all princely behavior, as in the liniamentes and favour of his visage. 1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. May 212 Shee sawe (in the younglinges face) The old lineaments of his fathers grace. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. i. ii. 44 Fortune reignes in gifts of the world, not in the lineaments of Nature. a1665J. Goodwin Filled w. the Spirit (1867) 462 Every lineament of his face being here represented. 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. ix. 328 The same Features, the same Lineaments visible in both. 1702Eng. Theophrast. 208 A single fine lineament cannot make a handsom face. 1726Swift Gulliver iii. vii, General benevolence for mankind, in every lineament of his countenance. 1812Byron Ch. Har. ii. lxii, In his lineaments ye cannot trace..The deeds that lurk beneath. 1885J. Payn Talk of Town I. 75 He examined his lineaments, in the hopes of detecting a likeness to the Chandos portrait.
Hence † ˈlineament v. trans., to delineate, trace in outline. † ˈlineamental a., of the nature of a sketch or imperfect outline; pertaining to lineaments. † lineaˈmentally adv., in accordance with a general design. ˌlineamenˈtation, representation in form or lineament.
1628Jackson Creed ix. xxix. §5 The forementioned speculative knowledge, being lineamented in our brains. 1601Deacon & Walker Spirits & Divels 140 They might..have cunningly carued or cut out..some lineamentall fashion..or shape of serpents. 1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) I. 17 In whom alle thinges excerpte of oþer men ar broken in to smalle membres, but concorporate here liniamentally [L. lineamentaliter]. 1791J. Learmont Poems 188 Man's winter day must also come And all his lineamental bloom Be stained. 1890J. H. Stirling Philos. & Theol. iv. 65 It does not follow..that we must think the νοῦς a merely immanent principle..of lineamentation and proportion in the material mass. |