| 释义 |
lineal, a. and n.|ˈlɪnɪəl|
Forms: 4–7 lineall, 5–6 liniall, (5 linealle, -yalle, 6 lin-, lyneal(l, -iall, -yall), 6– lineal.
[a. F. lineal, f. late L. līneālis, f. līnea line n.2]
A. adj.
1. a. Of or pertaining to a line or lines; consisting of lines. † lineal alphabet: one in which the symbols consist of lines. lineal demonstration: one performed by means of lines. lineal translation: one in which the original is rendered line for line (rare). lineal number, lineal perspective: see linear. Of writing: Arranged in regular lines.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. cxxvi. (1495) 926 The nombre lineall begynnyth fro one and is wryte arowe and lyne vnto endlesse. c1430Art Nombryng 14 Of nombres one is lyneal, anoþer superficialle, anoþer quadrat, anoþer cubike or hoole. 1624Wotton Elem. Arch. i. 50 Errors euer occurring more easily in the management of grosse Materials, then Lineall Designes. 1709J. Ward Introd. Math. i. ii. (1734) 10, I might have here inserted a Lineal Demonstration of this Rule of Addition. 1792W. Roberts Looker-On No. 7 (1794) I. 91 This way of writing may be as swift, lineal, and legible, as the operations of daylight. 1797Holcroft Stolberg's Trav. (ed. 2) III. lxxiii. 113 They were not..ignorant of lineal perspective. 1875E. C. Stedman Victorian Poets 371 He now is said to be engaged upon a lineal and literal translation of Virgil.
b. Of measures: Relating to a single dimension of space; = linear a. 3.
a1696Scarburgh Euclid (1705) 92 And let this measure be called the Lineal Unite. 1848Gregory's Mathematics (ed. 3) 120 An inch is the smallest lineal measure to which a name is given. 1872Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 129 The claim is 1,000 feet lineal measurement in length.
2. a. Of descent, ancestry, consanguinity, inheritance, or succession (hence also of a descendant, ancestor, heir, etc.): That is in the direct line; opposed to collateral.
1426Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 132 Henry the sext, is truly borne heir unto the corone of Fraunce by lynyalle successioun. 1466Paston Lett. II. 285 They shewed a lineall discent, how their first ancetor, Wulstan, came out of France. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI 178, I am the..lyneall heyre. 1596Spenser F.Q. iv. xi. 12 And after them the royall issue came Which of them sprung by lineall descent. 1690Locke Govt. i. xi. §161 The Prime and Ancient Right of Lineal Succession to any thing. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 172 ⁋8 Enriched in the common course of lineal descent. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. 203 Lineal consanguinity is that which subsists between persons, of whom one is descended in a direct line from the other. 1817Moore Lalla R. 1 Abdalla..a lineal descendant from the Great Zingis. 1858Ld. St. Leonards Handy-Bk. Prop. Law x. 65 Under recent legislation the father and other lineal ancestors are let in in default of lineal heirs. 1871L. H. Morgan in Smithsonian Contrib. Knowl. No. 218. 11 Every system of consanguinity must be able to ascend and descend in the lineal line through several degrees from any given person. Ibid. 46 If Ego is placed between the father and son the lineal and first collateral lines would become intelligible. 1880Haughton Phys. Geog. vi. 262 Whether they may not both be the lineal descendants of older and extinct king crabs. 1929Encycl. Brit. XIX. 84/1 The collateral kin of a generation were merged with the lineal.
b. Pertaining to or transmitted by lineal descent. lineal warranty (see quot. 1767).
1486in Surtees Misc. (1888) 54 By cource of liniall possession. 1570T. Norton tr. Nowel's Catech. (1853) 173 The Jews claimed..the Church of God as peculiar and by lineal right due to their nation. 1626D'Ewes in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 217 To whome the crowne of his auncestors and predecessors is now devolved by lineall right. 1719Young Busiris i. i. (1757) 13 Busiris, who now reigns, was first of males In lineal blood, to which this crown descends. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. 301 Lineal warranty was where the heir derived, or might by possibility have derived, his title to the land warranted, either from or through the ancestor who made the warranty. 1839Bailey Festus viii. (1848) 34 As if they waged some lineal feud with time. 1858Gladstone Homer III. 520 In lineal dignity, he [Anchises] was even before Priam.
c. Of persons: Lineally descended (rare). † Also, of children, legitimate (obs.).
1599Shakes. Hen. V, i. ii. 82 That faire Queene Isabel..Was Lineall of the Lady Ermengare. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lvii. 165 Although it was the lot of Henry the first to have many children, yet it was not his happinesse to have many lineal. 1670Milton Hist. Eng. Wks. 1738 II. 79 In the East-Angles, Edmund lineal from the ancient stock of those Kings,..was..crown'd at Bury. 1693Dryden To Congreve 44 For only you are lineal to the throne. 1800Asiatic Ann. Reg., Chron. 35/1 The reestablishment of the ancient and lineal family on the throne. 1821Keats Lamia i. 332 A real woman, lineal indeed From Pyrrha's pebbles or old Adam's seed.
B. n.
†1. Genealogy, pedigree. Obs.
1426Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 137 Don in ordre by corious lynealle.
2. One who is related in the direct line. rare.
1757Foote Author ii. Wks. 1799 I. 156 There's seven yards more of lineals, besides three of collaterals. 1881E. W. Hamilton Diary 3 Apr. (1972) I. 124 The Probate Duty is to be raised ½% all round, and the 1% (lineals) in the Legacy Duty scale is to be abolished; accordingly lineals will all benefit to the extent of ½%. 1909Hansard Commons 29 Apr. 515/1 In the cases of spouses and lineals..I propose to exempt from the new..duties all legacies. |