| 释义 |
likeness|ˈlaɪknɪs|
For forms see like a. and -ness.
[OE. (Northumb.) lícnes, shortened form of ᵹelícness i-likeness.]
1. The quality or fact of being like; resemblance, similarity; an instance of this. Const. to; † formerly in the same sense, const. of (or genitive of pron.), with.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 9515 Wite cloþes heo dude hire on..ilich þe snowe, Þat me ne ssolde hire uor þe liknesse ise ne iknowe. a1300Cursor M. 3332 Licknes to corbin had he nan. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. ii. xv. (1495) 40 The lykenesse of god is shewed in a lower maner in the lowest ordres of angels. 1470–85Malory Arthur vii. xxviii, The vertu of my rynge..that is reed it wil torne in lykenes to grene. 1551Turner Herbal i. K v b, It may be called..ciste sage, of the lyknes that it hath with sage. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, v. iii. 8 The Lord of Stafford deere to day hath bought Thy likenesse. 1601Sir W. Cornwallis Ess. (1632) ix, Confounding a Gentleman, and a Peasant with the likenesse of salutation. 1612W. Colson Gen. Treasury title, The practise..to adde and substract all vsuall Fractions vnlike, without reduction into likenesse. 1651Howell Venice Pref., Moreover if likenes may beget love, England hath reason to affect Venice more than any other. a1715Burnet Own Time (1724) I. 51 His other writings being such that no man from a likeness of style would think him capable of writing so extraordinary a book. 1818J. C. Hobhouse Hist. Illustr. (ed. 2) 386 Neither of them has a shadow of likeness with the lyric poetry of Petrarch. 1850Tennyson In Mem. lxxiii, As sometimes in a dead man's face,..A likeness,..Comes out—to some one of his race. 1855Bain Senses & Int. iii. ii. §23 (1864) 499 There is scope for the detection of likenesses in the midst of diversity. 1866G. Macdonald Ann. Q. Neighb. vii. (1878) 103 It was a likeness to her little boy that had affected me so pleasantly.
2. That which resembles an object; a like shape or form, a semblance. Hence gen. form, shape, esp. in phrase in likeness of. † In OE. = figure, stature.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. vi. 27 Huælc..iurre ᵹeðences mæᵹe to-ece to licnesse [c1000 anlicnesse] his elne enne. a1300Cursor M. 18823 Bot of his licknes þat he bar Quils he went prechand here and þare Þan mai we sai. 1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 332 Þan may men his liknes se Chaunged, als it had never bene he. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 1142 Dido, Cupido..Hadde the liknesse of the child I-take. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 27 Þe fleisch is not hoot, but it is moist & haþ þre maner lijknes. c1450Mirour Saluacioun 1861 In liknes of brede and wyne gaf crist his blode and flesshe. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxx. 47 Ane fieind he wes in liknes of ane freir. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iv. i. 104 In this borrowed likenesse of shrunke death Thou shalt continue two and forty houres. 1611Bible Ezek. i. 5 Out of the midst thereof came the likenesse of foure liuing creatures. 1634Milton Comus 84, I must..take the Weeds and likenes of a Swain. 1692R. L'Estrange Fables ccccxix. 395 It is safer yet to stand upon our Guard against an Enemy in the likeness of a Friend, then [etc.]. 1815Shelley Demon World 270 The likeness of a throned king came by. 1881Freeman Subj. Venice 180 Spalato is putting on the likeness of a busy modern town.
3. The representation of an object; a copy, counterpart, image, portrait. Phr. to take a person's likeness: to make a portrait of him. Also of persons: One who closely resembles another.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. Contents (Sk.) 21/10 Imaginis licnessa. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2641 Hamones likenes was ðor-on. 1340Ayenb. 49 Prelas, þet ssolden bi licnesse and uorbysne of holynesse..to al þe wordle. 1414Brampton Penit. Ps. (Percy Soc.) 4 Turne the, Lord, and tarye nowȝt, Thin owen lyknes to helpe and save. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, iii. iv. 73 Thou old Adams likenesse, set to dresse this Garden. 1611Bible Deut. iv. 16 Lest yee..make you a grauen image..the likenes of male, or female. 1647Cowley Mistress, My Picture (1687) 50 Here, take my Likeness with you, whilst 'tis so. 1667Milton P.L. viii. 450 What next I bring shall please thee, be assur'd, Thy likeness, thy fit help, thy other self. 1683Tryon Way to Health xix. (1697) 412 All creatures do vehemently desire to bring forth their Likenesses. 1729T. Cooke Tales, Proposals, &c. 22 Whose Sire..Had all bequeath'd..To the dear Likeness of himself his Son. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. IV. (1786) 2 At most he gave himself the trouble of taking the likeness of the person who sat to him. 1781Cowper Charity 434 Such was the portrait an apostle drew,..Heaven held his hand, the likeness must be true. 1815Jane Austen Emma i. vi. 34 Did you ever have your likeness taken? 1857Willmott Pleas. Lit. xx. 115 History's..portraits ought to be likenesses. 1885Clodd Myths & Dr. ii. xii. 223 They believe that their names and likenesses are integral parts of themselves. 1889Pater G. de Latour (1896) 32 Her sacred veil.., which kings and princes came to visit, returning with a likeness thereof..for their own wearing.
†b. A sculptured image, a statue. Obs.
c1200Ormin 1057 Off þatt an, off Cherubyn, Þeȝȝ haffdenn liccness metedd Uppo þatt oferrwerrc þatt wass Abufenn þarrke timmbredd. c1205Lay. 1267 He wolde..wrchen hire..on licnesse of ræde golde. c1250Gen. & Ex. 678 Nilus king Made likenesse, for muni[gin]g After his fader.
†4. A comparison; hence, a parable. Obs.
1382Wyclif Luke v. 36 He seide to hem also a liknesse [Vulg. similitudinem]. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1984 And shewed hem ensamples and lyknesse. 1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton) ii. lviii. (1859) 56 ‘What reson hath the fyre to pleyne vpon the wode, which..hit brenneth in to asshes?’..‘No cause’, quod I..‘but between the and me this maner of lykenes is not comparable’. ‘Sothly’, qwod this body, ‘this lykenes is accordaunt’.
†5. Probable amount; = likelihood 2 c. Obs.
c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. x. (1885) 131 Now that the lykennes off the kynges charges ordinarie and extraordinarie bith shewid [etc.]. |