| 释义 |
† licham Obs.
Forms: 1–2 líchama, -homa, 2 licama, 2–4 licome, lic(c)-, lich-, lick-, likham(e, likame, 4–5 lyc-, lygh-, lykam(e, 5–6 Sc. lec-, lekame, (5 licaym), ? 7 (ballad corruption) lingcan.
[OE. líchama, -homa = OFris. liccoma, lîchama, lîkma, OS. likhamo (MDu. lichame, Du. lichaam), OHG. lîhhamo, lîhmo (MHG. lîchame, lîcham), ON. líkame, more commonly in str. form líkam-r (Sw. lekam, Da. legeme):—OTeut. type *líko-hamon- wk. masc., f. *lîko- lich, body + *hamon-, OE. hama shape, covering, garment. (OHG. had also a syntactical combination of the same meaning, lîhhinamo, *lîhhin-hamo, from the genitive of a wk. n. lîhha = liche; hence MHG. lîchnam(e, mod.G. leichnam.)
It has been suggested that the word was originally poetical, describing the body as the ‘fleshly garment’ of the soul. Cf. OE. feðerhama featherham.]
The body; the living body; also, the body as the seat of desire and appetite.
c888K. ælfred Boeth. xxxiv. §9 Se lichoma bið lichoma þa hwile þe he his limu ealle hæfð. c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. vi. 22 Ðines lichaman leohtfæt is ðin eaᵹe. a1175Cott. Hom. 229 Drihten..astah to heofene..mid þan ilce licama þe he onþrowode. c1175Lamb. Hom. 47 Þa bi-com his licome swiðe feble. a1250Owl & Night. 1052 An lerdest hi to don shome An un-riȝt of hire licome. a1300Cursor M. 635 Bath war naked þar licam, Bot þar for thoght þam þen na scham. Ibid. 22324 Wit-vten last al his licam [Edin. MS. liccame]. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. i. 32 For no lykerouse lyflode hure lykame to plese. a1400Morte Arth. 3282 His lire and his lyghame lamede fulle sore. 1426Audelay Poems 17 To sle the lust of hore lycam, and hore lykyng. c1440York Myst. v. 110 A! Eue, þou art to blame..me shames with my lyghame. c1450Holland Howlat 900 He lukit to his lykame that lemyt so licht. a1510Douglas K. Hart i. 11 In all his lusty lecam nocht ane spot. a1783K. Henry v. in Child Ballads I. 299 He's thrown to her his gay mantle Says ‘Lady, hap your lingcan’.
b. A dead body; a corpse.
a1225Ancr. R. 106 Þer leien ofte licomes iroted buuen eorðe. a1300Cursor M. 12295 Dun o þis loft he yod, Til he com þar þat licam lai. Ibid. 24599 Quen his licam in stan was laid, Allas! allas! ful oft was said. c1470Henry Wallace vii. 281 With a claith I couerit his licaym. |