| 释义 |
▪ I. lich Obs. exc. arch. and in Comb.|lɪtʃ|
Forms: α. 1–2 líc, 4–5 liche, lyche, 6 lytche, 7, 9 litch, 3–7, 9 lich, lych; in comb. 5 lege-, 6–9 leech-, 9 leach- (see also lich-gate, lich-owl). pl. 1 líc, 3, 5 liches. β. 2–5 lik(e, (4 lijk), 7, 9 like, lyke. pl. 9 likes.
[OE. líc str. neut. = OFris. lîk, OS. líc (LG. liche, like, Du. lijk), OHG. líh neut. and fem. (MHG. lîch fem., also weak lîche, G. leiche dead body), ON. lík (Sw. lik, Da. lig), Goth. leik:—OTeut. *lîkom neut. Comparison with the cognate words (see liche, like a., like v.) suggests that the original sense was prob. ‘form, shape’.
The OE. líc became by normal development lich(e in the south and like in the north; hence the diversity of forms above. Cf. ditch, dike.]
1. = body n.a. The living body. Also the trunk, as opposed to the limbs.
Beowulf 733 Þæt he ᵹedælde..anra ᵹehwylces lif wið lice. a900Cynewulf Crist 1326 Þendan bu somod lic & sawle lifᵹan mote. c1205Lay. 17694 For an his bare liche he weorede ane burne. a1225Juliana 16 He het..beten hire swa luðere þat hire leofliche lich liðeri al oblode. a1275Prov. ælfred 471 in O.E. Misc. 131 So deð þe salit on fles, suket þuru is liche. c1300Beket 259 The here he dude next his liche his fleisches maister to beo. 1340–70Alisaunder 195 Liliwhite was hur liche. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. xi. 2 A wyf..Þat lene was of lich and of louh chere. a1400–50Alexander 2931 Þe litillaike of his like lathely þat þai spyse. Ibid. 141 He..him..clethis All his liche in lyn claþe.
b. A dead body; a corpse.
Beowulf 2127 Hio þæt lic ætbær feondes fæðmum under firᵹenstream. c893K. ælfred Oros. i. i. §23 Ealle þa hwile þe þæt lic bið inne, þær sceal beon ᵹedrync & pleᵹa. 1154O.E. Chron. an. 1135 (Laud MS.) Þa namen his sune & his frend & brohten his lic to Engle lande. c1205Lay. 3862 Heo nomen Morganus liche & leide hit on vrþen. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2447 Egipte folc..first .ix. niȝt ðe liches beðen. a1300Cursor M. 19785 Tilward þat like he turnd his face. a1300XI Pains Hell 78 in O.E. Misc. 149 A water..þat..stynkeþ so for holde lych. c1440Promp. Parv. 302/2 Lyche, dede body. c1470Henry Wallace ii. 332 Quha aw this lik he bad hir nocht deny. 1806Sir Oluf in Jamieson Ballads I. 222 Three likes were ta'en frae the castle away. 1895Baring-Gould in Minster Mag. 239 ‘Thomas maketh a beautiful lych, that her do.’
2. Comb.: † lich-bell, ? a hand-bell rung before a corpse; † lich-fowl = lich-owl; † lich-holm, a shrub of some kind; lich-house [cf. Du. lijkenhuis], a dead-house, a mortuary; † lich-lay, a rate levied to provide a church-yard (cf. lay n.7 4); lich-path = lich-way; † lich-rest, a place for a corpse to rest, a burial-place; † lich-song, ? singing at a lyke-wake; lich-stone, a stone to place the coffin on at the lich-gate; † lich-wal, -wale, a plant (see quots.); † lich-way, a path along which a corpse has been carried to burial (this in some districts being supposed to establish a right of way); † lich-wort, a plant (see quots.). Also lich-gate, lich-owl, lyke-wake.
1421in Warner Hist. Abb. Glaston. (1826) App. 99, j processional, j old gradual, iij new *lychebells. 1449Yatton Churchw. Acc. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 90 For a lege bell and the mendyng of another ijs. ijd. 1552in W. Money Ch. Goods Berksh. (1879) 19 Two lytchebelles of bell metalle.
1611Cotgr., Effraye, a Scricheowle, or *Lychefowle. 1614Sco. Venus (1876) 30 These goblins, lich-fouls, Owls, and night-crows to At murthers raile.
a1387Sinon. Barthol. (Anecd. Oxon.) 13 Bruscus, frutex est *licheholm.
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 169 Alswo ofte swo prest singeð þis bede at *lich huse he [etc.]. 1559Extracts Aberd. Reg. (1844) I. 324 Ane tenement of land within the yard and lichowss thairof [sc. of the parish church]. 1850Ecclesiologist X. 339 We..propose..with some degree of confidence,—Lich-House. 1898Pall Mall Mag. Mar. 430/2 He had it [the corpse] brought up and laid in his lych⁓house.
1753in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 170 To purchase a church yard on a *Lych Ley for St. Thomas's Church.
1862Church Builder Apr. 48 That path up which you came..used formally to be called the *Lich-path because all the funerals came along that path.
c1000St. Mildreds in Sax. Leechd. III. 430 Heo ða hyre *licreste ᵹeceas on eliᵹ byriᵹ. c1205Lay. 17225 And swa þu hit scalt leden to þere lich-raste. 1558Yatton Churchw. Acc. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 170 Of Wyllam Worthe for the lyche-reste of Ione his wyf vis. viiid.
c1675in Rec. Presbyt. Inverness & Dingwall (Sc. Hist. Soc.) 121 note, Discharging..all ..*Lyksongs, fidling and dancing.
1862Athenæum 30 Aug. 279 [In North Devon] Passing through the lich-gate, the corpse is placed upon the *lich-stone.
c1450Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 72/2 Granum diureticum, anglice *lichewal. 1597Gerarde Herbal ii. clxxx. 487 In English Gromell: of some Pearle plant, and of others Lichwale. 1863Prior Plant-n., Lichwale,..the gromwell, Lithospermum officinale, L.
1587Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 303/2 Aduertised of..a *leech waie to be made ouer his land, with⁓out his leaue or consent. 1787in Grose Prov. Gloss., Leech-way, the path in which the dead are carried to be buried. Exm.
c1450Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 51/2 Ebulus uel Ebula gall. eble angl. welle-uort uel *licheuart. a1500MS. Bodl. 536 in Sax. Leechd. III. 336/1 Peritoria .i. peritory or lychewort. 1597Gerarde Herbal App., Lichwort is Pellitorie of the wall. 1880Britten & Holland Plant-n., Lichwort, Parietaria officinalis, L.
Hence † ˈlichless a. Obs., without a dead body.
c1250Gen. & Ex. 3164 Ðo was non biging of al egipte lich-les, so maniȝe dead ðor kipte.
▪ II. lich
obs. form of like; litch dial., bundle. |