| 释义 |
xylo-|ˈzaɪləʊ|
before a vowel xyl-, repr. Gr. ξυλο-, ξυλ-, comb. form of ξύλον wood: the first element of various scientific and technical words, the more important of which see in their alphabetical places. ˈxylochlore |-klɔə(r)| Min. [ad. G. xylochlor (von Waltershausen, 1853), f. Gr. χλωρός green], an altered form of apophyllite, found in olive-green crystals in a fossil tree-stem in a volcanic rock in Iceland. xyloˈchloric (-ˈchloeric) a. Chem. [ad. F. xylochlorique, -chloérique, f. Gr. χλοερός = χλωρός green], in xylochlo(e)ric acid: see quots. ˈxylochrome |-krəʊm| Chem. [Gr. χρῶµα colour], a colouring matter produced by chemical alteration of decayed wood. xylocopid |zaɪˈlɒkəpɪd| a. Entom. [mod.L. Xylocopa; Gr. -κοπος cutting, -id3], belonging or related to the genus Xylocopa, comprising the carpenter-bees. xylocryptite |-ˈkrɪptaɪt| Min. [Gr. κρυπτός hidden: see -ite1]: see quots. ˈxylolite Min. [-lite]: see quot. xylophilan |-ˈɒfɪlən| Entom. [Gr. ϕίλος loving: cf. -phil], a. belonging to the group Xylophili of beetles, which live in decayed wood; n. a beetle of this group; so xyˈlophilous a., living or growing in or on wood, as an insect or a fungus. xyˈlopolist rare—0 [Gr. ξυλοπώλης], a timber-merchant. xylopyrography |-paɪˈrɒgrəfɪ| [Gr. πῦρ fire, -graphy] = poker-work. xyloretin |-ˈriːtɪn|, -retinite |-ˈrɛtɪnaɪt| Chem. [G. xyloretin (Forchhammer, 1840), Gr. ῥητῑ́νη resin], a white crystalline resin obtained from fossil pinewood. ‖ xyloˈstroma Bot. [mod.L., f. Gr. στρῶµα something spread out, a bed, coverlet], the mycelium of certain polyporoid fungi (originally supposed a distinct genus) which forms a dense leathery sheet on the surface of wood; hence xyloˈstromatoid a. [-oid], resembling a xylostroma. xylotherapy |-ˈθɛrəpɪ| Med. [Gr. θεραπεία healing], the use of certain kinds of wood in the cure of disease (see quot.). ˈxylotile |-taɪl|, -til |-tɪl| Min. [G. xylotil; Gr. τίλος down, fine hair], a mineral allied to (or a variety of) asbestos, also called mountain-wood. xylotomous |-ˈɒtəməs| a. [Gr. -τοµος cutting], that cuts or pierces wood, as an insect. xylotypographic |-taɪpəʊˈgræfɪk| a. [typographic], printed from wooden blocks or types. ˈxylulose Chem. [-ulose2], a keto pentose that corresponds to the aldo pentose xylose and occurs in the urine of pentosurics.
1868Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1060 *Xylochlore...Kenngott..has shown that it is an altered form of apophyllite.
1862― tr. Gmelin's Hand-bk. Chem. XV. 534 *Xylochloric acid. C30H26O34?.. A green colouring matter, which sometimes forms on decayed pieces of wood. 1868― Dict. Chem. V. 1060 Xylochloeric acid, a term applied by Fordos..to the green colouring-matter of decayed wood, which may be extracted by chloroform.
1898H. C. Porter tr. Strasburger's Text.-Bk. Bot. 124 The tannins impart to the dead wood a distinct colour, often very characteristic, especially when it has been transformed into wood dyes, or so-called *xylochrome.
1904Athenæum 24 Dec. 881/1 A photograph..showing the *Xylocopid model and its Asilid mimic.
1820Q. Jrnl. Sci. Lit. & Arts VIII. 352 It may be named provisionally *Xylocryptite, expressive of its being hidden in fossil wood. 1868Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1060 Xylocryptite, a mineral apparently related to Scheererite, occurring in yellow waxy crystalline particles on lignite. (Becquerel.)
Ibid. 1061 *Xylolite. Syn. with mountain-wood, or ligniform asbestos.
1842Brande Dict. Sci., etc., *Xylophilans,..the name of a tribe of beetles, consisting of those which live on decayed wood.
1862Mayne Med. Vocab. (ed. 2), Xylophilus..growing upon, or living in decayed wood; *xylophilous.
1656Blount Glossogr., *Xylopolist..a Woodmonger.
1850Ogilvie, *Xylopyrography. 1901Daily Chron. 27 May 6/1 [Baron Auer's] father was..an inventor in typography and xylopyrography.
1852W. Gregory Handbk. Org. Chem. 417 Tekoretine, Phylloretine, *Xyloretine, and Boloretine, are the names of four resinous compounds, found in the peat of Denmark, on the remains of pine-trees.
1868Dana Min. (ed. 5) 743 *Xyloretinite was derived by Forchhammer through the action of alcohol on fossil pine-wood from the marshes of Holtegaard in Denmark.
1871Cooke Handbk. Brit. Fungi I. 282 Polyporus vitreus... ‘Glassy Polyporus.’.. Distinguished by its distinct *xylostromatoid sub-stratum, which separates easily from the matrix.
1880Boston Jrnl. Chem. Dec. 144 At a recent meeting of the Société de Thérapeutique M. Dujardin-Beaumetz read for M. Jourdanis a note on the æsthesiogenic properties of certain woods applied to the skin, which he calls *xylotherapy. M. Jourdanis has applied plates of wood to the insensible skin, and as with plates of metal, magnets,..and blisters has obtained a return of sensibility.
1864Webster, *Xylotile. 1868Dana Min. (ed. 5) 406 Xylotile..is probably only an altered asbestus. It occurs delicately fibrous;..wood-brown, light or dark, and also green in color.
1872W. Skeen Early Typogr. 417 The *xylotypographic text.
1936Levene & Tipson in Jrnl. Biol. Chem. CXV. 731 For simplicity it would seem desirable to term the ketose ‘d-*xylulose’, in conformity with the nomenclature accepted for other keto sugars. 1964,1968[see pentosuric a. and n.]. 1974B. S. Hartley in Carlile & Skehel Evolution in Microbial World 170 A mutant of this organism constitutive for ribitol dehydrogenase grows on xylitol by utilising a side specificity of this enzyme to produce xylulose. |