| 释义 |
▪ I. wright, n.1|raɪt|
Forms: α. 1 wyrhta, Northumb. wyrihta, -te, wyrchta, 1–2 Kent. werhta; 2 wirhta, 3 wurhte, wuruhte. β. 1 wryhta, 3 wruhte, wrihhte, 3–4 wriht(e, 5 wrihte, 3–5 wryhte, wryht, (3, 5 wryth, 5 wrythe), 4 wryȝt(e, 4–5 wriȝt, 4–6 wrighte (4 whright, wrigth, writh), 5–6 wryght(e, 4– wright; 2 wrichte, 5–6 Sc. wrycht (6 vrycht), 5–7, 9 Sc. wricht (5, 9 vricht, 9 wiricht); 4 wreght, 5 Sc. wrecht, 6 Sc. wreicht, 7 wreight, 9 dial. wreeght. γ. 5 wryte, north. write, 9 north. dial. wreet (whreet), reet.
[OE. wyrhta, wryhta, etc. (also ᵹewyrhta), = OFris. wrichta, OS. wurhtio, -eo, OHG. wurhto (MHG. (in combs.) wurhte, würhte, worhte), f. wurh-:—OTeut. *wurχ-, variant stem of *wurk-: see work v.]
1. An artificer or handicraftsman; esp. a constructive workman. Now arch. or dial.
eye-wright, glassen-wright, mill-wright, tile-wright: see those words.
αa695Laws of Ine lix. (Liebermann I. 116) Mon sceal simle to beregafole aᵹifan æt anum wyrhtan vi pund-wæᵹa. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark vi. 3 Ahne ðis is smið uel wyrihte, sunu Maries? c1000ælfric Hom. I. 318 God eac forði hi to⁓stencte, swa þæt he forᵹeaf ælcum ðæra wyrhtena seltcuð ᵹereord. c1205Lay. 21134 On aluisc smið..; he wes ihaten Wygar, þe witeȝe wurhte. a1225Ancr. R. 284 Þe caliz þet was imelt iðe fure..wolde he, ȝif he kuðe speken, awarien..his wuruhte honden?
β γc950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark, Introd. 3 Wundrande þæt lar & mæhto ðæs wrihtes sunu vel smiðes sunu. c1030Rule St. Benet (Logeman) 2 Þam he..clypað his wryhtan [L. operarium]. a1200in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 204 And ic..bebeode ðat paðu mi meodes [sic] wrichte and Wlnoð min huscarl..on ðam minstre hersumian. a1300Cursor M. 325 Þis drithin..in his witte..all purueid His werc, als dos þe sotill wright. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xx. 137 Þe fyngres is ful hand, for failled thei here þombe,..Sholde no wryȝt [Ilchester MS. write] worche. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy ii. 497 He made seke in euery regioun..For euery wriȝt and passyng carpenter. 1715Cheyne Philos. Princ. Relig. vi. 324 Being rapt into admiration of the infinite Wisdom of the Divine Architect, and contemning the arrogant Pretences of the World and Animal Wrights. 1848Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 207 Upon that central shrine..Laid down..The scribe, and the physician, and the wright His several offering. 1876Whitby Gloss. 224/1 Wreeghts, or Wrights,..work-people in general.
†b. Applied to the Deity, = creator 1. Obs.
c888ælfred Boeth. ad fin., Drihten ælmihtiga God, wyrhta & wealdend ealra ᵹesceafta. a1000Phœnix 9 Wlitiᵹ is se wong eall,..æþele se wyrhta..se þa moldan ᵹesette. a1200St. Marher. 20 Þu wisest wruhte of alle, markedest eorðe. c1200Ormin 18780 Þatt all þatt shaffte þat wass wrohht Wass lif inn himm þe wrihhte. a1300Cursor M. 331 Þis wright þat I spek of here..wroght bath erth and heuen.
†2. One who does or performs something; a doer or worker. Obs.
971Blickl. Hom. 111 Forðon þe nan wyrhta ne mæᵹ god weorc wyrcean for Gode buton lufon & ᵹeleafan. a1000Genesis 1004 Him ða se cystleasa cwalmes wyrhta ædre æfter þon andswarode. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 191 At tese fif gaten fareð in deaðes wrihte, and þerinne doð. a1300[see battle n. 14].
3. One who works in wood; a carpenter, a joiner.
From c 1470 to c 1655 chiefly Sc. and north.; in later use only Sc. and north. dial. (or arch.). The Sc. pron. is |(w)rɪxt, north-eastern vrɪxt|.
cart-wright, house-wright, plough-wright, ship-wright, timber-wright, wagon-wright, wain-wright, wheel-wright: see those words.
αc1205Lay. 16969 He lette axien anan..gode wurhten þe mid æxe cuðe wurchen.
βa1200Vices & Virtues 27 Wið-uten..ðe wrihte his timber to keruen after ðare mone. a1300Cursor M. 1666 A schippe be-houes þe to dight, Þi self sal be þe maister wright. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 9163 He ded come wryȝtes [gloss. carponters] for to make Coueryng ouer hem. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. II. 19 Joseph was a forgere of trees, þat is to seie a wriȝte. c1450Northern Passion 161/461 Than wantide the wryghtis a tre. 1464Nottingham Rec. (1883) II. 372 To the wright..to make the Pillorye, v s. 1566Drant Horace, Sat. viii. D 8 The wryghte uncertaine what to make, a stoole or God of me. 1577Holinshed Chron. I. 41/1 He sawe yet howe the rest [of the ships]..might bee repaired: wherefore he chose forth wrightes among the Legions. a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. ii. i. §8 (1622) 193 As we may..see, in Platoes fore-named instances of his Smithes, and his Wrights. 1654Z. Coke Logick 64 This Ship-wright..makes the Ship, not as he is a man or good, but as he is a Wreight or Artizen. 1725Ramsay Gentle Sheph. v. iii, Masons and wrights shall soon my house repair. 1782Sir J. Sinclair Observ. Scot. Dial. 198 Wright, at present, is a general name for timber workmen;..but the Scots, by wrights, mean carpenters. 1829Carlyle Misc., German Playwrights ⁋1 The millwright, or cartwright, or any other wright whatever. 1858Times 6 March 12/3 At Hull..about 500 wrights are on strike. 1887Morris Odyss. ix. 129 Nor yet among them ever ship-making wrights there are.
fig.a1200Vices & Virtues 91 Hier is igadered swilch timber ðe næure rotien ne mai, and þis derewurðe mihte is wrihte ðerover.
Sc. Prov.1670Ray Prov. 227 He is not the best wright that hewes the maniest speals.
γc1440York Myst. xxxvii. 230 Thy fadir knewe I wele be sight, He was a write his mette to wynne. c1460Promp. Parv. (Winch. MS.), Wryte, or carpentare, carpentarius. 1463Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 230 A wryte that mayd my mastyrys stabyle. 1824–in N. Cy., Nhb., Dur., Yks., and Lanc. glossaries (reet). 1841Hartshorne Salop. Ant. 618 Wreet's shop a carpenter's, or more frequently a Wheelwright's shop. 1877–90in Yks. glossaries (wreet).
4. attrib. and Comb., as wright-craft, † wright-house, wright-smith; † wright-garth, a joiner's yard; wright-work, work performed or done by a joiner.
1385–6Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 391 [Le] Wrigthous et le Plomberhous. 1474–5Ibid. 94 Le Wrightgarth et Swynegarth. a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. ii. i. §8 (1622) 193 One Arte, of Wright-Craft; and one Arte, of Smiths-Craft. 1630Ann. Banff (New Spald. Cl.) I. 64 Ane load of wricht wark 2 s. 1671in Holmes Pontefract Bk. Entries (1882) 103 Item, for wrightworke, [{pstlg}5]. 1881Instr. Census Clerks (1885) 56 Wheelwright. Wrightsmith.
Hence † ˈwrightry = wrighting. Obs. rare—1.
c1460Towneley Myst. iii. (Noah & Ark) 250 Now assay will I how I can of wrightry.
▪ II. † wright, n.2 Obs.
In 2–3 wriht, 3 Orm. wrihht.
[ME. reduction of *i-wriht, OE. ᵹewyrht: see i-wurht.]
Desert, what one has deserved; hence, blame, fault.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 69 Crist us ȝeue of him mihte; betere þenne we habbeð wrihte. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 217 Ich triste þat he [sc. God] nele neng [don ?] bi mine wrihte. c1200Ormin Ded. 202 To þolenn dæþþ o rodetre Sacclæs wiþþ⁓utenn wrihhte. Ibid. 8240 He wass flemmd & drifenn ut All affterr hise wrihhte.
Hence † ˈwrightful a., having deserved something; † ˈwrightlesslike adv., undeservedly.
c1250Gen. & Ex. 2076 Ic am stolen of kinde lond, and her wriȝteleslike holden in bond. Ibid. 2204 Wriȝtful we in sorwe ben, for we siniȝeden quilum.
▪ III. wright, v.|raɪt|
Also 4 wrihte, 9 n.e. Sc. vricht.
[f. wright n.1, or wrighting.]
†1. trans. To build, construct. Obs. rare.
1338R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 88 At London, a haule he did vp wright. Ibid. 321 A brigge he suld do wrihte.
†2. To repair (a ship); to renovate, mend.
Perh. erron. for righted: see right v. 11 c.
a1656Ussher Ann. (1658) 391 Having there new wrighted up such ships of his as had been..bruised in the fight.
3. intr. To pursue the occupation of a wright. Sc.
1886Gregor Banffsh. Gloss. 204.
▪ IV. wright(e
obs. varr. write n. and v. |