| 释义 |
▪ I. wrath, n.
(rɔːθ, rɒθ, U.S. rɑːθ)
Forms: α. 1 wræððu, -o, 3 wræððe, 2 wredða, 3 wredðe (wreadðe), 2–3 wreððe, 3–4 wreþþe, 4–5 wretthe. β. 1 wraððo, 3 wraððe (wraððhe), wraðþe, 3 Orm., 4–5 wraþþe, 4–5 wratthe. γ. 3 wraðe, 4–5 wraþe, 4–6 wrathe; 3 wrað, 4– wrath (4 wragh, 5 wraaþ, wraugth, 7 wrauth). δ. Sc. 5–7 wraith, 6 -the, 6 vraith, vr-, wrayth (wrayith).
[OE. wrǽððu, -o, = wrǽþþu, f. wráþ wroth a. + -þu:—Teut. -iþō: see -th1. Cf. wrethe n.
The original long vowel (ǣ) was shortened before the double consonant, and gave the two ME. types wreþþe and wraþþe. From the latter comes the mod. wrath, with later lengthening of the a, as in path, lath. The pronunc. |rɑːθ|, regarded by Walker (1791) as ‘more analogical’, and formerly common in Eng. use but now displaced by that with the rounded vowel |rɔːθ|, and later by |rɒθ|, is still given as the standard by American dictionaries.]
1. Vehement or violent anger; intense exasperation or resentment; deep indignation:
a. In the phrases for wrath, † o wrath, † on wrath, of wrath, with wrath († mid wrath), or esp. in wrath.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark iii. 5 [Jesus] ymb-sceawde hia mið wræððo..cueð to ðæm menn, aðen hond ðin. c1175Lamb. Hom. 113 Þe lauerd [scal] do hit for rihtwisnesse..and noht for wreððe. a1200Vices & Virtues 121 Ne he ðe ðurhwuneð on wraðþe, ne he ðe wuneliche lið on hordome. a1225Leg. Kath. 1361 Þe Keiser kaste his heaued, as wod mon, of wraððe. Ibid. 2048 Hu wrakeliche, wenestu, wule he, al o wraððe, wreken on þe, wrecche! 13..Guy Warw. (C.) 3326 It is Guy, That in wrath from the woll departi truly. 1382Wyclif Mark iii. 5 He biholdynge hem aboute with wrathe..seith [etc.]. c1400Destr. Troy 6697 Then for wrath of his wound..He gird to a greke. c1450Myrr. our Ladye ii. 79 Some vse when they here the fende named in play or in wrathe to saye Aue Maria. 1586Marlowe 1st Pt. Tamburl. ii. ii, My heart is swolne with wrath, on this..villaine Tamburlaine and of that false Cosroe. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. xii. 86 Yet being men they..stared ghastly,..some for wrath, to see their captiue Dame. 1663Dryden Wild Gallant ii. (1669) 24 Come not near me to night, while I'm in wrath. c1743Sir C. H. Williams Wks. (1822) I. 203 Great Earl of Bath, Be not in wrath, At what the people say. 1798Wordsw. Peter Bell 348 On he drives with cheeks that burn In downright fury and in wrath. 1882‘Ouida’ Maremma I. 243 But we may go in wrath.
b. In general use. Occas. personif.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 105 Wreððe hafð wununge on þes dusian bosme. a1200Vices & Virtues 41 All ðare hwile ðe ðu wraððe oðer nið hauest mid te. c1250Gen. & Ex. 3863 Ðer ros wreððe and strif a-non Aȝen moysen and aaron. 1338R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 6 He ne suffred neuere wrath to be aboue. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. vi. 98 Beo wel i-war of wraþþe Þat wykkide Schrewe. c1412Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 3872 Wratthe, þe body of man inward fretith. c1425Cast. Persev. 210 in Macro Plays 83 Wretthe, þis wrecche, with me schal wawe. c1450Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 214 Ageyn hym wrathe if thou accende The same in happ wylle falle on the. 1526Tindale Ephes. iv. 31 Let all bitternes, fearsnes and wrath..be put awaye from you. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. iv. 35 Such one was Wrath, the last of this vngodly tire. 1640G. Sandys Christ's Passion ii. 201 Wrath, the Nurse of War. 1691Hartcliffe Virtues 125 Upon every triffle they shall be provoked to Wrath. 1781Cowper Expost. 132 He judg'd them with as terrible a frown As if not love, but wrath, had brought him down. 1839J. H. Newman Par. Serm. IV. ii. 40 Wrath was abroad and in his path. 1848Dickens Dombey xlvi, Mrs. Brown's daughter looked out..; and there were wrath and vengeance in her face. 188510th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. I. 143 He was now full of wrath and resentment against them.
transf.1827Pollok Course T. v. 595 He..heard the weltering of the waves of wrath. 1848O. W. Holmes Battle of Lexington iii, Fast on the soldier's path Darken the waves of wrath.
c. With qualification (adj. or poss. pron.).
αc900Rituale Eccl. Dunelm. (Surtees) 12 ælc bitternesse & irra & wræððo..sie ᵹ invmmen from ivh. c1175Lamb. Hom. 67 For-ȝif þi wreððe and þi mod, for þenne is þi bode god. c1205Lay. 1441 Corineus..seide þas ilke word mid muchelere wredðe. 1387Trevisa Higden IV. 163 Þe way was y-opened forto take wreche of al olde wreþþe. a1400R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) II. 857 Þis spousing was enchesen of gret hate & wreþþe. c1440York Myst. xxvi. 154 Of my wretthe wreke me I will.
βa1200St. Marher. 18 Þa warð þe reue woð and beð..o great wraððe bringen forð a uet. c1205Lay. 6379 Ah hit wes muchel hærme..þat þurh his wraððe his wit wes awemmed. a1250Owl & Night. 941 Þe wraþþe binymeþ monnes red. c1350Will. Palerne 728 Ȝif þemperour were wiþ me wroþ his wraþþe forto slake. 1390Gower Conf. I. 154 The king..Was..so wel paid That al his wraththe is overgo. c1425Cursor M. 5085 (Trin.), Mi wraþþe is clene fro me goon.
γc1300Havelok 2719 Do nu wel with-uten fiht, Yeld hire þe lond... Wile ich forgiue þe þe lathe, Al mi dede and al mi wrathe. c1374Chaucer Anel. & Arc. 51 Mars which..The old wrath of Juno to fulfille Hath sette the peoplis hertis..on fyre Of Thebes [etc.]. c1440Generydes 1373 Yet in his wraugth this thought he euer among, If he shuld avenge hym sodenly [etc.]. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop ii. vii, His mayster..by grete wrathe beganne to bete gym. 1526Tindale Ephes. iv. 26 Lett nott the sonne goo doune apon youre wrathe. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, ii. i. 106 Who sued to me for him? Who (in my wrath)..bid me be aduis'd? 1616T. Scot Philomythie ii. C 3, Ech roreth out his wrath, Nor other need of drums or trumpets hath. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 651 The Seer..could not yet his Wrath asswage. 1735Pope Prol. Sat. 30 Which must end me, a Fool's wrath or love? 1796F. Burney Camilla I. 339 When he had respectfully suffered her wrath to vent itself, he made apologies. 1862Thackeray Philip xxvii, His chafing, bleeding temper is one raw; his whole soule one rage, and wrath, and fever. 1871B. Taylor Faust (1875) I. xxv. 209 The evil one with terrible wrath Seeketh a path His prey to discover.
δc1480Henryson Fox, Wolf, & Cadger 7 In his wraith he werryit thame to deid. c1520M. Nisbet N. Test. (S.T.S.) II. 238 marg., As for malice or vnlawful wraith, it is vtirly forbiddin. c1614Sir W. Mure Dido & æneas i. 296 His hoarie head he reares Above the waters, toss'd by Juno's wraith.
d. Righteous indignation on the part of the Deity.
c900Rituale Eccl. Dunelm. (Surtees) 8 God,..beado folces ðines biddendes rvmmodlice biseh, & sv'oppa ðines vraððo..ymbwoend. a1200Vices & Virtues 21 Fondie we te kelien godes wraððe mid teares. a1300E.E. Psalter xciv. 11 (E.), Als in mi wrath swore I best, If þai sal in-ga in mi rest. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 780 He takyþ more to wraþþe þat synne þan [etc.]. 1382Wyclif Ezek. xxxviii. 19 Saith the Lord God, myn indignacioun shal styre vp..in my wrath. a1450Knt. de la Tour 13 Forto apese the wrathe of God..thei..fasted. 1535Coverdale Hosea xiii. 11, I gaue the a kinge in my wrath. 1562Winȝet Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 30 For the abusing of thir dayis..God is at wrayith with vs. 1634Milton Comus 803 As when the wrath of Jove Speaks thunder. 1667― P.L. iii. 406 To appease thy wrauth..[thy Son] offerd himself to die For mans offence. 1827Pollok Course T. x. 556 The native fires, which God awoke, And kindled with the fury of His wrath. 1853T. Parker Theism, Atheism, etc. p. li, To appease the wrath of God, or purchase his favour.
e. transf. Violence or extreme force of a natural agency, regarded as hostile to mankind or growth.
1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Jan. 19 Thou barrein ground, whome winters wrath hath wasted. 1608The Great Frost in Arber Garner (1895) I. 86 [This] may teach them..in summer to make a provision against the wrath of winter. 1648J. Beaumont Psyche ii. xvi, Stern bristles hedg'd up high His back, which did all wrath of thorns defie. 1810Scott Lady of L. iv. xxi, A wasted female form, Blighted by wrath of sun and storm. 1813― Rokeby vi. xxi, Mine be the eve of tropic sun!.. No twilight dews his wrath allay. 1833Wordsw. ‘If Life were slumber’ 34 She knelt in prayer—the waves their wrath appease. 1876Swinburne Erechtheus 588 All her flower of body..With the might of the wind's wrath wrenched.
2. An instance of deep or violent anger; a fit or spell of ire or fierce indignation.
a1200Vices & Virtues 41 Ðe dieule..ararð upp ðe wraððhes and þe cheastes and te bitere wordes. 1338R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 294 Bituex þe kyng of France & þe erle..Was þat tyme a distance, a wrath bituex þam nam. c1375Cursor M. 27671 (Fairf.), To deme a man til ille for a wraþ he has him tille. a1400–50Wars Alex. 2310 In a wrath, þe wale kyng swyth Him of his principalete priued. 1474Caxton Chesse ii. v. (1883) 68 Hit is better to leue a gylty man vnpunysshyd than to punyshe hym in a wrath or yre. 1535Coverdale 2 Cor. xii. 20 Lest there be amonge you, debates, envyenges, wrathes, stryuynges. 1596Spenser F.Q. iv. vi. 8 So both to wreake their wrathes on Britomart agreed. 1610Shakes. Temp. iii. iii. 79 Lingring perdition..shall step by step attend You, and your wayes, whose wraths to guard you from [etc.]. 1855M. Arnold Balder Dead iii. 79 For haughty spirits and high wraths are rife Among the Gods. 1864Tennyson Aylmer's F. 706 When some heat of difference sparkled out, How sweetly would she glide between your wraths.
†3.
a. Impetuous ardour, rage, or fury. Obs.
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon iii. 78 [They] go vpon the oost..by soo grete wrathe that it was merueyll. 1539Bible (Great) 2 Macc. iv. 25 Bearynge the stomack of a cruel tyraunt, & y⊇ wrath of a wylde brute beest. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, i. i. 109 Henrie Monmouth, whose swift wrath beate downe The neuer-daunted Percie to the earth. 1601― Twel. N. iii. iv. 257 Your opposite hath in him what youth, strength, skill, and wrath, can furnish man withall.
†b. The ardour of passion, love, etc. Obs.—1
1600Shakes. A.Y.L. v. ii. 44 They are in the verie wrath of loue, and they will together.
4. Anger displayed in action; the manifestation of anger or fury, esp. by way of retributory punishment; vengeance:
a. Of the Deity, etc. Freq. in wrath of God, day of wrath; also fig. in phr. like the wrath of God, dreadful, terrible; dreadfully, terribly.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xxi. 23 Bið forðon ofer-suiðnisso micelo on-ufa eorðo & wræððo folce ðissum. 1050–72in Leofric Missal (1883) 1/1 Hæbbe he godes curs and wræð e ealra halᵹena. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 27 He..biddeð þat godes wraððe cume uppen his oȝen heued. 1382Wyclif 1 Thess. i. 10 Jhesu, that delyuerede vs fro wraththe to comynge. c1375Cursor M. 27362 (Fairf.), Þe day of wraþ & wrake & sorou. c1440Jacob's Well 107 Sodeynly þanne þe wretthe & þe wreche of god schal fallyn on þe. 1482Monk of Evesham (Arb.) 61 The whyche..tresur to hem fro daye to daye the wrathe of owre sauyur ihesu cryste in the daye of hys wrathe. 1535Coverdale Ecclus. vii. 16 Remembre that the wrath shall not be longe in tarienge. 1583W. Hunnis Ps. vi. 11 If into heauen I might ascend,..O Lord, thy wrath would thrust me forth downe to the earthe againe. 1624Quarles Job ix. 46 The smoothest pleader hath No power in his lips, to slake his [sc. God's] Wrath. 1682Peden Lord's Trumpet (1739) 13 When Wrath is so near, I pray You to take notice what Ye are doing, for..[soon] Ye shall..be overthrown with the Wrath of God. 1758S. Hayward Serm. i. 7 Sin brings us under the wrath and curse of God. 1793R. Gray Poems 133 To redeem [him] from wrath, His Saviour once did bleed and die. 1820Shelley Fragm., Satire upon Satire 14 Then send the priests..To preach the burning wrath which is to come. 1846A. Marsh Father Darcy II. v. 107, I have dedicated myself to..the god of wrath and vengeance. 1936J. Buchan Island of Sheep xii. 224 The winds..in the Norlands can blow like the wrath of God. 1955M. Allingham Beckoning Lady xiii. 178 Fancy coming home like the wrath of God and starting a fight. 1967‘R. Foley’ Fear of Stranger (1968) v. 56 You look like the wrath of God, Kay... No flesh on you to speak of. 1982‘W. R. Duncan’ Queen's Messenger ii. 19 Are you ill? You look like the wrath of God.
b. Of persons.
a1500Songs & Carols (Warton Cl.) 98 The chylderyng ȝyng, With Herowdes wretthe to deth were wrong. 1533Bellenden Livy iv. (S.T.S.) II. 94 The wraith and Ire of romanis aganis þe veanis war defferrit to þe nixt ȝere. 1602Chettle Hoffman iii. (1631) F 3, The Dukes squadrons arm'd with wrath and death, Watch but the signall when to ceaze on you. 1667Milton P.L. ix. 14 The wrauth Of stern Achilles on his Foe. 1781Cowper Table-T. 597 Man lavish'd all his thoughts on human things—The feats of heroes, and the wrath of kings. 1805Wordsw. Prelude x. 26 Avengers, from whose wrath they fled In terror. 1836J. Gilbert Chr. Atonem. (1852) 339 Legal wrath is nothing else than the just award of crime. 1868Heavysege Jezebel i. 130 My red wrath shall fall like yon bright bolt.
5. An act done in anger or indignation.
c1440Jacob's Well 42 Ȝif ȝe wyl fle fro þe iiij wrettys [sic] of god. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. ccvi. [ccii.] 633 To make amendes for all wrathes, forfaytes, and dommages that euer they dyde to hym. 1611Bible Zech. vii. 12 There⁓fore came a great wrath from the Lord of hostes. a1754E. Erskine Serm. (1755) 200 No Man can read his Bible..but he must hear of a wrath to come from God upon Impenitent Sinners.
6. attrib. and Comb., as wrath-bearing, wrath-fire, wrath-storm; objective, as wrath-provoking, † wrath-venger; similative, as wrath-faced, wrath-like; instrumental, as wrath-bewildered, wrath-consume v., wrath-kindled, wrath-swollen.
a1593Marlowe Ovid's Elegies ii. v. 52 She..kissed so sweetely as might make Wrath-kindled Ioue away his thunder shake. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, i. i. 152 Wrath-kindled Gentlemen be rul'd by me. 1600Rowlands Lett. Humours Blood iv. D 8 b, [To] Threaten to drawe his wrath-venger, his sworde. 1644Vicars God in Mount 42 The guilt of such a wrath-provoking sin. 1656Sparrow tr. Boehme's Aurora xix. 434 When thou fightest against him, thou stirrest up his wrath-fire. 1718Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 356 The extraordinary stirrings of the Jacobites, and their elevation, especially since our wrath-like divisions at Court. 1757W. Wilkie Epigoniad iii. 66 They fly dispers'd, nor tempt..His wrath-swoln neck and eyes of living fire. 1798W. Sotheby tr. Wieland's Oberon (1826) I. 27 His sov'reign's wrath-bewilder'd brain. 1859FitzGerald Omar K. lvi, Whether the one True Light Kindle to Love, or Wrathconsume me quite. 1886J. Pulsford Infoldings v. 63 The wrath-storm which our sins have created. 1892G. Meredith Poems 81 It surges like the wrath-faced father Sea To countering winds. 1920T. S. Eliot Ara Vos Prec 12 These tears are shaken from the wrath-bearing tree.
Hence † ˈwrathhead, wrath; deep anger. Obs.—1
1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 12460 God..Oþer forȝyueþ..alle with gladehede, Or alle abydeþ to hys wraþhede.
▪ II. wrath
ME. var. wroth a.
▪ III. wrath, a.|rɔːθ|
[var. of wroth a., prob. by association with wrath n.]
Wroth, angry, irate; deeply resentful.
Somewhat rare; but occuring in various passages of the Douay Bible (1609) where earlier versions and the Authorized have wroth.
1535Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. xviii. xii. 316/2 No creature is..more feruente to take wreche than is the bee whan he is wrathe. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. ii. i. 20 Oberon is passing fell and wrath [rime hath]. 1596Spenser F.Q. iv. viii. 43 Whereat the Prince full wrath, his strong right hand..heaued vp on hie. 1609Bible (Douay) Gen. xl. 2 Pharao being wrath against them..sent them into the prison. 1629Milton Hymn Nativ. xviii, Th'old Dragon under ground..wrath to see his Kingdom fail. [1847Madden Laȝamon I. 271 When he was wrath with any man.] 1860Thackeray Lovel iv, Lovel, seldom angry, was violently wrath with his brother-in-law. 1862Lytton Strange Story II. 229, I saw the child..looking towards us, and..she seemed near. I felt wrath with her.
▪ IV. † wrath, v. Obs.
Forms: α. 3 wreððen, wreþþen, 4 wreþþe, wretþe, 4–5 wretthe. β. 3 wraððen (wraðhin), 3–4 wraþþen (3 Orm. -enn), 4–5 wraþþe, 5 wraþþi, wrathþe; 3 wratþen, 4–5 wratthen, wratthe. γ. 3 wraðen, wraþen (wrahþen), 4 wrathen, 4–5 wraþe, wrathe, wraþ (4 wragh), 4–6, arch. 9 wrath. δ. 5, Sc. 6 wraith.
[Early ME. wreþþen, wraþþen, f. the n. (see wrath n.), taking the place of the earlier wrēðen wrethe v. Cf. awrath, iwrathe, and wroth vbs.]
1. intr. To be or become angry, wrathful, or wroth; to feel, manifest, or exhibit anger; to rage.
c1205Lay. 1450 Þa iwredðede [v.r. iwreððede] Numbert. a1225Leg. Kath. 746 Þe king bigon to wreððen [Cott. MS. wraððen]. a1300E.E. Psalter cxi. 10 Sinful sal se, and wrath he sal. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 230 Ȝet wrathed not þe wyȝ, ne þe wrech saȝtled. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. i. 189 Yf he wratthe, we mowe be war. 14..Sir Beues (C.) 632 He wrathed sore yn is hertte. c1450Merlin i. 3 Whan the gode man herde this he gan to wratthe.
transf.c1275Lay. 4577 Þe wind com on wiþere, And þe see wreþþede. Ibid. 12006 Þe see was wonderliche wod; and þe see wraþþede.
b. Const. against, at, in, with (a person or thing).
1338R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 111 Whan wrathed Steuen with Dauid of Scotland. c1400Destr. Troy 8442 The worthy at his wife wrathet a litle. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 20 A gentille knightes doughter that wratthed atte the tables with a gentille man.
transf.a1300E.E. Psalter cxxiii. 3 When wrathed [Harl. wraghed] breth of þa in us þus. 1382Wyclif Ps. cxxiii. 3 Whan shulde wrathen the wodnesse of hem in to vs.
c. Of the Deity: To be or grow righteously angry or wroth (against or with a person or thing).
a1300E.E. Psalter vii. 12 (H.), God demer rith,..Nou wrathes be alle daies in land? 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. ix. 128 Caymes kynde & his kynde coupled togideres, Tyl god wratthed for her werkis. 1382Wyclif Lam. v. 22 Lord,..thou wrathedist aȝen vs hugely. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 77 And God wratthed therwith, and bade Moyses [etc.].
2. trans. To make (a person, etc.) irate, angry, or wroth; to move to wrath, ire, or deep resentment; to anger, enrage; to annoy, vex.
In very frequent use from c 1350 to c 1450.
αc1205Lay. 3771 Heo werðede [c 1275 Hii wreþþede] heore moddri mare þene heo sulden. a1225Ancr. R. 426 On alle wise uorberen to wreððen hore dame. a1250Prov. ælfred (A.) 276 And þu hi myd worde iwreþþed heuedest. 1340Ayenb. 8 Þet we ous loky þet we ne wreþþi uader ne moder wytindeliche. c1380Sir Ferumb. 4045 Þenk eftsones to auenged be of þe Amyral þat haþ y-wreþþed þe. a1450Northern Passion (D) 727 Petir stod wretthid ful sore.
βa1200Vices & Virtues 99 Se ðe hafð ðese eadi mihte, him ne mai no mann wraðhin. c1205Lay. 7200 Þe feond wes iwraððed. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 7721 Ȝif þat eni him [= William] wraþþede, adoun he was anon. 13..K. Alis. 3369 (Laud MS.), Ne shaltou wraþþe þi lorde gent. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 8584 Of þese dedly synnes seuene, Þat we wraþþe with God of heuene. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. ii. 85 Serwe on þi lokkes, Such weddyng to worche to wraþþe with truþe. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. xii. (Bodl. MS.), Þe bee whan he is ywraþþed. a1450Myrc Par. Pr. 1142 Hast þou..Wrathþed þy neȝbore in any þynge? 1480Caxton Cron. Eng. ccxxx. 244 The kyng was gretely meuid and wratthed.
transf.c1205Lay. 12006 Þe sæ wes wunder ane wod, and ladliche iwraððed.
absol.13..Pol., Rel., & L. Poems (1903) 260 Lechery..wasteþ.., hit wraþþeþ, hit bigileþ.
γa1275Prov. ælfred (B.) 276 If..þu hire mid worde wraþed hauedest. a1300Cursor M. 16427 Pilate forthoght þaim bath to wrath. c1350Will. Palerne 981, I wraþed him neuer..in word ne in dede. c1369Chaucer Dethe Blaunche 1151 Ne I wolde haue wrathed her truly. c1450Mirk's Festial 29 But yn a myshappe..þay wraþeden hor modyr. 1486Bk. St. Albans f v b, Wrath not thy neighborys next the. [1866Morris Ayenb. 8 marg., Wrath not thy Father or Mother.]
transf.c1205Lay. 4577 Þe wind com on weðere, and þa sæ he wraðede [c 1275 þe see wreþþede].
δc1400Brut. ii. 310 Wherfore þe King was gretly..wraithed. c1480Henryson Fables, Wolf & Lamb 43 He wraithit me, and than I culd him warne Within ane ȝeir.
b. Predicated of things. Somewhat rare.
a1225Leg. Kath. 238 Ne nis na þing hwerþurh monnes muchele madschipe wreððeð [Cott. MS. wraððeð] him wið mare [etc.]. c1230Hali Meid. 27 Moni þing schal ham wraððen & gremen. 1472Paston Lett. III. 57 Sir Jamys is evyr choppyng at me..with syche wordys as he thynkys wrathe me.
c. To provoke or incite (the Deity) to righteous anger or wrath; to move to displeasure. Also const. to, with.
In frequent use from c 1325 to c 1425.
c1200Ormin 5615 Þu Ne darrst nohht Drihhtin wraþþenn. a1225Ancr. R. 138 Monnes soule..geð ut of hire heie heouenliche cunde, & forte paien hire, wreððet hire schuppare. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 8813 Þo þou..wraþþedest so muche god. c1330Amis & Amil. 606 Al our ioie..We schuld lese, and, for that sinne, Wretthi God therto. c1375Cursor M. 1227 (Fairf.), Vn-sely cayme..and alle his osspringe..wraþet him wiþ wikked rede. c1430Hymns Virg. (1867) 16 Ihesu, for them y þe biseche Þat wraþþen þee in ony wise. a1450Myrc Par. Pr. 978 Hast þou.. I-wrathþad þy god greuowsly? 1485Caxton St. Wenefr. 3 Thou hast gretely wratthed oure lorde.
3. refl. To wax, become, or grow angry.
c1205Lay. 20345 Arður..þis gomen isæh and wraðde hine sulfne. a1225Juliana 10 (Royal MS.), Þa þe reue iherde þis, he wreððede him swiðe. c1290Beket 972 Þo þe king i-saiȝ him so come he wrathþede him a-non. c1320Sir Tristr. 661 Fader, no wretþe þe nouȝt. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. iii. 176 Whi þou wraþþest þe now, wonder me þinkeþ. c1420Chron. Vilod. 4125 Hurre brother wratthede hym þo at þe last. c1450Lovelich Grail xxxvii. 644 Anon to wraththen sche gan hire there. [1822Scott Peveril xxii, ‘Nay, wrath thee not, Will,’ said Ganlesse.]
4. trans. To be or become angry with (a person); to treat with anger, ire, or deep resentment.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 174 Ne I nyl forbere, yf þat ye don a-mys, To wrathen [Harl. MS. wreth] yow, and whil þat ye me serue, Cherycen yow right after ye deserue. 1375Cantic. de Creatione 288 Ȝut bad me Michel with word od Worschipen þe, or elles god Wolde wrathen me. c1430in Pol., Rel., & L. Poems (1903) 191/11 Whi wraþþist þou me? y greue þee nouȝt. 1567Turberv. Ovid's Ep. 73 b, A cruell stepdame will my children wrath [L. saeviet in partus meos].
5. To afflict, harm, or injure; to bring to grief or disaster.
13..Guy Warw. (A.) 1529 Gwichard, who haþ wretþed þe, & where hastow in bateyle be? 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 726 For werre wrathed hym not so much, þat wynter was wors. Ibid. 2420 Adam,..Salamon..and Samson..were wrathed wyth her [sc. woman's] wyles. 14..Guy Warw. 1123 (Camb. MS.) 3252 Or they be passyd the hyllys hye, We schall þem wrath.
Hence † ˈwrather, one who excites, or moves to, wrath; † ˈwrathing vbl. n. Obs.
1382Wyclif Ezek. ii. 7 Therfor thou shalt speke my wordis to hem,..for thei ben *wraththers.
c1370Stacions of Rome 107 (Vernon MS.), *Wraþþing of Fader or Moder ȝif hit be In godes nome he forȝiueþ þe. c1400Cato's Morales 296 in Cursor M. 1673 For nane alde wraþþing hate noȝt þi frende if he chaunge his manere. c1440Jacob's Well 241 Princepally for dreed of god, for dreed of his wretthyng. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 24 For drede of sclaunder and wratthinge of her.
▪ V. wrath
obs. erron. f. rathe adv.
c1400Arth. & Merl. 2145 (Linc. Inn MS.), King Anguis..Did arme his men wrath & prest. |