| 释义 |
▪ I. lazy, a. and n.|ˈleɪzɪ|
Forms: 6–7 laysy, -ie, lasie, -y, lazie, (6 laesie, -y, lasey, leasie), 7– lazy.
[Of obscure etymology.
The earliest quoted form laysy would favour the derivation from lay v. with suffix as in tipsy, tricksy, etc.; but the spelling is not quite early enough to have etymological significance. If the word be of early origin, and esp. if the alleged dialectal sense ‘naught, bad’, be genuine, there may possibly be connexion with ON. lasenn dilapidated, las-møyrr decrepit, fragile, mod.Icel. las-furða ailing, las-leiki ailment. Prof. Skeat suspects adoption from Du. or LG., and refers to MLG. lasich, losich, mod.LG. läösig (Danneil), early mod.Du. leuzig.]
A. adj.
1. a. Of persons (also of animals), their disposition, etc.: Averse to labour, indisposed to action or effort; idle; inactive, slothful.
1549Bale Labor Journ. Leland Pref. A vij b, Those laysy lubbers and popyshe bellygoddes. 1567Triall Treas. A iv, Your lasy bones I pretende so to blisse, That you shall haue small luste to prate any more. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. Indies 191 If they were found to be lazie and slouthfull they should be used accordingly. 1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Feb. 9 Lewdly complainest thou laesie ladde, Of Winter's wracke, for making thee sadde. 1590― F.Q. i. iv. 36 Sathan..forward lasht the laesy teme. 1628Prynne Cens. Cozens 77 Who gratifie their owne lasie dispositions. a1658Cleveland Wks. (1687) 508 These lazie tender-hearted Clowns. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 242 All, with united Force, combine to drive The lazy Drones from the laborious Hive. a1770Jortin Serm. (1771) I. i. 13 It is a lazy modesty to resign the reason God has conferred upon us. 1807Crabbe Par. Reg. iii. 143 The lazy vagrants in her presence shook. 1878Jevons Prim. Pol. Econ. 80 He must not be very lazy..for fear of being discharged.
b. transf. Applied to things, places, or conditions, favourable or appropriate to laziness.
1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. i. iii. 147 With him Patroclus Vpon a lazie Bed the liuelong day Breakes scurrill Iests. 1669Dryden Tyrannic Love i. i, Two tame gown'd princes, who at ease debate, In lazy chairs, the business of the state. 1670― 2nd Pt. Conq. Granada iii. iii, Love, like a lazy ague, I endure. 1680Otway Orphan i. i, They cry they're weary of their lazy home. 1721Ramsay Morning Interview 87 The nymph, new-wak'd, starts from the lazy down. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop iv, The room is a cool, shady, lazy kind of place. 1851Longfellow Gold. Leg. iv. Road to Hirschau, The great dog..Hangs his head in the lazy heat.
2. a. Of things: Sluggish, dull, slow-moving; now only transf. from sense 1. † Formerly of literary style, and, in physical sense, of heat or chemical agents: Languid, having little energy.
a1568R. Ascham Scholem. ii. (Arb.) 100 Melancthon..came to this low kinde of writing, by vsing ouer moch Paraphrasis in reading: For studying therbie to make euerie thing streight and easie, in smothing and playning all things to much, neuer leaueth, whiles the sence it selfe be left, both lowse and lasie. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. v. i. 41 How shall we beguile The lazie time, if not with some delight? 1592Arden of Faversham E i b, The laysie minuts linger on their time. a1628F. Grevil Alaham 3rd Chorus 35 A lasy calme, wherein each foole a pilot is. 1630Milton Time 2 Lazy leaden-stepping Hours. 1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. i. xx. 53 The condition of Spirituous blood, forcibly issuing forth, and of a dull and lazie urin are different. 1693Dryden Ovid's Met. i. 362 With rain his robe and heavy mantle flow, And lazy mists are low'ring on his brow. 1734Phil. Trans. XXXVIII. 298 There is a great deal more of this Substance of the Lazy or Inactive, than of the Active or Magnetick sort. 1764Goldsm. Trav. 2 Or by the lazy Scheld, or wandering Po. 1799Coleridge Lines comp. in Concert-room 26 The lazy boat sways to and fro. 1885R. Bridges Eros & Psyche, May 4 The sun..Sifting his gold through lazy mists.
b. Applied to an eye with poor vision which is consequently little used and tends to deteriorate further; esp. the unused eye in squint.
1939R. B. Simpkins Basic Mech. Human Vision v. 62 Both exophoric and esophoric conditions are probably the most frequent causes of the development of a lazy eye. 1957[see heterophoria (hetero-)]. 1971E. Rudinger Eyes Right 42 Up to the age of 5 years there is a fair chance of success by encouraging the child to use the lazy eye.
†3. dial. Bad, worthless. Obs.—0
1671Skinner Etymol. Ling. Angl., Lazy, in agro Linc. usurpatur pro Malus,..Pravus, Perversus. 1674Ray N.C. Words 29 Lazy, Naught, bad. 1787in Grose Prov. Gloss.
4. Comb., as lazy-boned, lazy-minded, lazy-paced, lazy-puffing adjs.; lazy arm, a type of boom from which a microphone may be slung; lazy-board (U.S.), a short board on the left side of a waggon, used by teamsters to ride on (Cent. Dict.); lazy-boots colloq. = lazy-bones; lazy-cock (U.S.), ‘a cock controlling the pipe between the feed-pump of a locomotive and the hose from the tank of the tender’ (Funk); lazy daisy (stitch), a petal-shaped embroidery stitch; lazy dog U.S. Mil. slang, a type of fragmentation bomb designed to explode in mid-air and scatter steel pellets at high velocity over the target area; † lazy-gut, a glutton; lazy-guy Naut. (see guy n.1 2); lazy-jack, ‘a lifting device of compounded levers on the principle of the lazy-tongs’ (Knight Dict. Mech. 1875); lazy-legs = lazy-bones; lazy-painter, ‘a small temporary rope to hold a boat in fine weather’ (Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 1867); lazy-pinion, a pinion serving as a transmitter of motion between two other pinions or wheels (Cent. Dict.); lazy scissors = lazy-tongs; Lazy Susan, lazy susan orig. U.S., a revolving (wooden) stand on a table to hold condiments, etc.; a muffin stand.
1960O. Skilbeck ABC of Film & TV 76 *Lazy arm, a small, hand-held microphone Boom. 1962A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 257 Lazy arm, simple form of boom consisting of an upright and a balanced cross⁓member from which a microphone may be slung.
1875A. R. Hope My Schoolboy Fr. 148 One or two *lazy-boned fellows worked in bed.
1831Lytton Eug. Aram i. ii, Why don't you rise, Mr. *Lazy-boots? Where are your eyes? Don't you see the young ladies? 1863Mrs. Gaskell Sylvia's L. xxxv, Nancy..is gone to bed this hour past, like a lazy boots as she is.
1923Daily Mail 10 Mar. 14 The way the ‘*lazy-daisy’ stitch is worked is shown at the side of the sketch. 1948J. Cannan Little I Understood x. 133 Mildred completed six lazy daisies. 1963N. Marsh Dead Water (1964) viii. 221 A rumpled nightgown embroidered with lazy daisies. 1965Times 23 Mar. 12/7 Asked why something more deadly was not preferred—when such things as napalm and white phosphorus incendiary bombs and ‘*lazy dog’ fragmentation bombs are frequently in use— the spokesmen said the gas was being used in situations where the Vietcong might be holding hostages. 1967N.Y. Times 13 Jan. 8 The Lazy Dog is an advanced antipersonnel weapon introduced last spring. 1968Punch 21 Feb. 258 Tomorrow, we'll get three divisions in here, four, we'll get two hundred B-52s, we'll get ground-to-grounds, and whole batteries of Lazy Dogs.
1631Celestina ix. 105 This same *lazy-gut was the cause..of all this stay.
1838Dickens O. Twist xxi, Don't lag behind already, *Lazy-legs!
1879C. M. Yonge Burnt Out xii. 192 George..had been getting more *lazy-minded and stupid. 1929V. Woolf Granite & Rainbow (1958) 105 This lazy-minded man was quite capable..of filling a chapter or two..from a fountain of empty, journalistic phrases.
1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. vi. 106 The *lazy-paced (yet laborious) Asse.
1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. ii. ii. 31 When he bestrides the *lazie puffing Cloudes. 1836*Lazy scissors [see lazy-tongs].
1917Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Dec. 17 (Advt.), Revolving Server or *Lazy Susan. 1966B. Askwith Step out of Time ii. 35 The home⁓made jam on the Lazy Susan in the middle of the table. 1971Sunday Australian 8 Aug. 10/1 The best china is used. Silver pots of steaming tea and coffee spin round with wheels of gateaux on a massive lazy susan.
†B. n. Used as a name for the sloth. Obs.
1682Sir T. Browne Chr. Mor. i. §33 To tread a mile after..the heavy measures of the Lazy of Brazilia, were a most tiring Pennance.
Hence ˈlazyhood, laziness. ˈlazyish a., somewhat lazy.
1866B. W. Procter Mem. Lamb 184 The imbecile, or those brought up in complete lazyhood. 1892Argosy Jan. 42, I have six long, delicious weeks of lazyhood before me. 1892Spectator 17 Dec. 878/2 The lazyish, slightly slatternly poor.
Add:[4.] lazy eight, an aerobatic manoeuvre in which an aircraft executes an S-shaped path which, when viewed laterally, resembles a figure 8 lying on its side.
1930R. Duncan Stunt Flying 138 *Lazy 8's. 1943D. J. Brimm Air Acrobatics are Easy iii. 66 There should be no approach to a stall in the lazy eight, and in the recovery or second half of the loop there is much less of the diving turn than in the recovery from the wingover. 1986New Yorker 26 May 51/3 The instructor..taught him more advanced maneuvers—chandelles,..and lazy-eights.
lazy eye (a) (see sense 2 b above); (b) the condition of having a lazy eye, amblyopia.
1960D. Vaughan et al. Gen. Ophthalm. (ed. 2) xxi. 333 (heading) Amblyopia ex anopsia (*lazy eye). 1975H. Jolly Bk. Child Care xxxiv. 432 Because squint can be so dangerous I dislike the expression ‘lazy eye’ which is commonly used to describe it. 1987Oxford Times 15 May 2/4 His work is essential for the treatment of Amblyopia—commonly known as lazy eye—which affects more than one in 20 of the population.
lazy-jack, (b) Naut., each of several light ropes on either side of a sail, placed so as to allow it to be gathered in easily.
1901T. F. Day On Yachts 167 *Lazy jacks are useful on cruising boats, especially if you are sailing short-handed, but they are a nuisance when reefing. 1984Practical Boat Owner Feb. 42/3 Notably efficient are the lazy jacks, which not only hold the boom steady on the moorings, but catch the sail and gaff—when you lower peak and throat halyards—as it slides down the mast. 1994Canad. Yachting Summer 20/1 Full-length battens are helpful if you intend to instal lazy jacks.
▪ II. lazy, v.|ˈleɪzɪ|
[f. lazy a.]
1. intr. = laze v. 1.
1612Sylvester Tropheis 90 Nor waits he lazying on his bed for day. 1694R. L'Estrange Fables 50 They knew no reason..why the One should lye lazying and pampering itself with the fruit of the Other's labour. 1765H. Timberlake Mem. 76 Hunting, and warring abroad, and lazying at home. 1876Besant & Rice Gold. Butterfly III. 81 He..lazied under the hanging willows by the shore. 1890Mrs. Laffan Louis Draycott I. ii. ii. 146 A snug retreat, indeed, to read, or think, or ‘lazy’ in.
2. quasi-trans. = laze v. 2.
1885Century Mag. XXXI. 197 We lazied the rest of the pleasant afternoon away. 1892Tennyson St. Telemachus 21 Wake Thou deedless dreamer, lazying out a life Of self-suppression, not of selfless love. |