| 释义 |
▪ I. larum, n.|ˈlɛərəm, ˈlærəm|
Forms: 6 larom(e, larowme, 8 larrom, -um, 6– larum.
[Aphetic form of alarum.]
1. A call to arms, a battle-cry; news of an enemy's approach; any sound to warn of danger. † Hence (rarely) a sudden attack.
1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Eph. p. xiv, What larum so euer happeneth, with this buckeler it shalbe vaynquished. 1555Eden Decades 56 They fiercely assayled theyr enemyes with a larome. 1555Proctor Wyat's Rebell. D iij b, In the night..there happened a larom, sundrie criinge: treason, Treason. 1559Fabyan's Chron. vii. 707 Sir Thomas Poinynges..cried a newe larum, and sette on the Frenchmen. 1607Shakes. Cor. i. iv. 9 Then shall we heare their Larum, & they Ours. 1755in G. Sheldon Hist. Deerfield, Mass. (1895) I. 638 We fired several larrums and the great gun at Fort Dummer was shot. 1784Cowper Task iv. 569 The first larum of the cock's shrill throat May prove a trumpet, summoning your ear To horrid sounds of hostile feet. 1812Byron Ch. Har. ii. 72. 1833 H. Martineau Fr. Wines & Pol. vii. 100 The drums and larums which kept all Paris awake. 1847Lytton Lucretia (1853) 185 A larum [of a door-bell] loud enough to startle the whole court.
fig.1650R. Stapylton Strada's Low C. Warres i. 7 Warned by his disease, that still rung the larum of death.
b. In wider sense: A tumultuous noise; a hubbub, uproar.
a1533Ld. Berners Huon cxxix. 472 Then the crye and larum began. 1588Shakes. Tit. A. i. i. 147 Remaineth nought but..with low'd Larums [to] welcome them to Rome. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. II. vii. 5 Thay crie a larum, that [etc.]. 1800Coleridge Wallenst. i. vii, But whence arose this larum in the camp? 1840Thackeray Paris Sk.-bk. (1869) 151 His invention has not made so much noise and larum in the world as some others. 1858G. Macdonald Phantastes xix. in Wks. Fancy & Imag. (1871) VI. 96 The continually renewed larum of a landrail.
fig.1593R. Harvey Philad. 1, I will be so bold as answere your larum, touching the history of mighty Brute.
†c. An uneasy condition. = alarm 12. Obs.
1598Shakes. Merry W. iii. v. 73 The peaking Curnuto her husband..dwelling in a continual larum of ielousie.
†2. An apparatus attached to a clock or watch, to produce a ringing sound at any fixed hour. Obs.
1586Bright Melanc. xiii. 66 Automaticall instruments as clockes, watches, & larums. 1607Dekker Whore Babylon Wks. 1873 II. 264 What houre is this? does not my larum strike? This watch goes false. 1648Bp. Wilkins Math. Magick, Dædalus iii. 171 That larum..which..would both wake a man, and of it self light a candle for him at any set hower of the night. 1692Locke Educ. xiv. Wks. 1727 III. 6 Others..have set their Stomachs by a constant usage, like Larums to call on them for four or five. 1807Southey in Rem. H. K. White (1819) I. 34 He would..rise again to his work at five, at the call of a larum, which he had fixed to a Dutch clock in his chamber.
transf. and fig.1661Cowley Disc. Govt. O. Cromwell in Verses & Ess. (1687) 70 There needs no Noise at all t' awaken Sin Th' Adulterer and the Thief his Larum has within. 1691Shadwell Scourers i. ii. Dram. Wks. (1720) 326 Will the larum of your tongue never lie down. 1711Steele Spect. No. 11 ⁋1 She had often an Inclination to interrupt him, but could find no Opportunity 'till the Larum ceased of its self. 1778G. White Selbourne 9 Sept., By this [crowing] he has been distinguished in all ages as the countryman's clock or larum.
3. attrib. and Comb., as larum-call, larum-clock, larum-watch. Also larum-bell.
1683Lond. Gaz. No. 1846/4 A large Silver Larum Watch with a Chain. 1697Ibid. No. 3251/4 Lost..a Larum Clock in a little Box. 1821J. Baillie Metr. Leg., Ghost Fadon xxii, Till they heard a bugle's larum call.
▪ II. larum, v. Obs. exc. dial.|ˈlærəm|
Also 8 larom.
[f. larum n.]
†1. trans.
a. To sound forth loudly.
b. To alarm. Obs.
1595P. T. G. tr. Blanchardine ii. Ded., Hauing presumed to tune my rustic stringes to larum foorth my simple musicke. 1758S. Thompson Diary 21 July (1896) 12 At prayer this evening we were Laromed by a false outcry.
2. intr.
†a. To rush down with loud cries (obs.).
b. ‘To talk incessantly’ (Holderness Gloss. 1877).
1728Pope Dunc. iii. 158 Down, down they larum, with impetuous whirl, The Pindars and the Miltons of a Curl. |