| 释义 |
▪ I. lagoon, n.1|ləˈguːn|
Also 7–9 lagune, and 7–9 in It. form laguna, pl. lagune.
[ad. F. lagune, ad. It. and Sp. laguna:—L. lacūna pool.]
1. An area of salt or brackish water separated from the sea by low sand-banks or a similar barrier, esp. one of those in the neighbourhood of Venice.
1612in Crt. & Times Jas. I (1848) I. 184 He was observed that day to row to and fro in the laguna towards Murano, to see what show his house made. 1673Ray Journ. Low C. 8 The Lagune or Flats about Venice. 1697W. Dampier Voyages I. 241 They went into a Lagune, or Lake of Salt-water [on the Mexican coast]. The mouth of this Lagune is not Pistol-shot wide. 1716Lond. Gaz. No. 5407/2 People..have come over the Lagune on the Ice. 1763W. Roberts Nat. Hist. Florida 8 This river..forms a lagune at the mouth. 1789Mrs. Piozzi Journ. France I. 187 Covering the lagoons with gaiety and splendour. 1803W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. I. 32 The ornithorhynchus,..an animal peculiar to the lagoons in New South Wales. 1818Shelley Lett. Pr. Wks. 1888 II. 237 He took me in his gondola across the laguna to a long sandy island. 1856Mrs. Browning Aur. Leigh vii. 715 God alone above each, as the sun O'er level lagunes. 1874Lyell Elem. Geol. i. 4 ‘Lagoons’ nearly separated by sand bars from the ocean. 1877A. Geikie Elem. Lessons Physical Geogr. iv. 271 Lagoons along the sea-margin are for the most part shallow and narrow, running parallel with the coast, from which they are separated by a strip of low land formed of sand, gravel, or other loose material. 1883F. M. Peard Contrad. I. 1 Behind them and beyond the lagoons lay the tossing and flying waves of the Adriatic. 1939W. H. Twenhofel Princ. Sedimentation xii. 455 The barrier separating a lagoon from its parent body may result from many causes, but under most conditions it is thrown up by the waves. 1952W. Shepherd Living Landscape Brit. iii. 50 Two bays have been cut off from the sea by shingle. These now form a salt-water lagoon, and may slowly silt up to form a marsh. Ibid. 53 A line of rocks across the bay encloses a ‘lagoon’. 1968R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 590/2 The entrance of a lagoon is restricted by the narrow tidal inlets through the barrier islands and the complex of sand bars which form on both the lagoonal and seaward side of the inlet.
2. The lake-like stretch of water enclosed in an atoll. Also, the stretch of water inside a barrier reef.
1769Cook Jrnl. 4 Apr. (1893) 55 Found it to be an Island..of an Oval form, with a Lagoon in the Middle, for which I named it Lagoon Island. 1842Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 326 Reefs of coral rock, generally disposed in a circular form, and enclosing a lagoon. 1848M. Somerville Physical Geogr. I. xiv. 215 Encircling reefs differ in no respect from atoll reefs except that they have one or more islands in their lagoon. 1863J. B. Jukes School Man. Geol. vi. 67 There are..many islands in tropical seas in front of which coral reefs are found at a distance of many miles from the beach of the dry land, their outer edge being nearly dry at low tide, but plunging steeply down into fathomless water, while a broad navigable channel or lagoon..extends between this outer edge and the shore. These are called Barrier reefs. 1878Huxley Physiogr. xv. (ed. 2) 254 Inside the rim of land, there is a shallow lake, or lagoon, of clear green water. 1928W. M. Davis Coral Reef Probl. xi. 271, I made a circuit of the island on trading steamers, following the lagoon for the greater part of the way. 1959Chambers's Encycl. IV. 121/1 Barrier reefs surround islands or lie off the mainland, with an intervening navigable channel or lagoon, the width of which may be many miles.
3. Austral. and N.Z. (See quots. 1849 and 1933.)
Adopted from Amer. Eng.: 1766– examples in D.A.E. in sense ‘a shallow, fresh-water pond or lake, sometimes artificially formed and usually located near or connected with a lake, river, etc.’
1838W. C. Symonds in Jrnl. R. Geogr. Soc. VIII. 422 On the S.E. coast at this island [sc. South Island] are several immense lagoons, into which flow rivers. 1844Nelson (N.Z.) Examiner 7 Sept. 108/1 A lagoon..quite a lake in fact. 1849F. Wakefield Colonial Surveying ii. 59 Lagoons differ from lakes in being generally formed by surface water gathering in low grounds during the winter, from which there is no outlet. 1927M. M. Bennett Christison iii. 37 At the back was a shallow lagoon. 1933Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 4 Nov. 15/7 Lagoon, any tarn, pond, or open water too small to be called a lake.
4. An artificial shallow pool used in the treatment and concentration of sewage and slurry.
1909E. C. S. Moore Sanitary Engin. (ed. 3) II. xviii. 691 Drying in lagoons is the system which is often adopted at works where sufficient land is available, and it is without doubt the least satisfactory method. 1926G. M. Flood Sewage Treatment & Disposal x. 106 The sludge produced by any method of treatment may be pumped into lagoons in almost every case. 1975Daily Tel. 9 Jan. 16/6 Sometimes 7,000 or 8,000 wading birds came..to the ash lagoons of West Thurrock power station.
5. attrib. and Comb., as lagoon-channel; lagoon-island, an atoll; lagoon-whaling, the occupation of hunting the grey-whale in the Californian lagoons (Cent. Dict.).
1845Darwin Voy. Nat. xx. (1852) 452 This is one of the lagoon-islands (or atolls) of coral formation. Ibid. 469 The depth within the Lagoon-channel..varies much.
Hence laˈgoonish a., characterized by the presence of lagoons; laˈgoonless a., having no lagoon.
1841Tait's Mag. VIII. 348 The numerous creeks, islands, and inlets in this lagoonish..coast are minutely described. 1877Le Conte Elem. Geol. ii. (1879) 142 Sometimes the lagoon closes up, and a lagoonless island is the result.
▪ II. lagoon, n.2 rare.|ləˈguːn|
[Anglicized form (after lagoon n.1) of It. lagone, augmentative of lago:—L. lacus lake n.4]
In Tuscany, the basin of a hot spring from which borax is obtained.
1868Dana Min. (ed. 5) 882 Larderellite..Occurs at the Tuscan lagoons. 1885Geikie Text-bk. Geol. iii. i. i. §2 (ed. 2) 218 The lagoons of Tuscany.
▪ III. lagoon, v.|ləˈguːn|
[f. the n.]
trans. To treat (by oxidation) in lagoons. So laˈgooning vbl. n.
1911G. B. Kershaw Mod. Methods Sewage Purification xi. 155 (heading) Lagooning. 1922H. E. Babbitt Sewerage & Sewage Treatment xx. 495 The results of lagooning at Philadelphia are given in Table 103. 1935Metcalf & Eddy Amer. Sewerage Pract. (ed. 3) III. ii. 23 Odors from sludge lagooned at Houston were so objectionable that another method of sludge disposal was required. 1969J. G. Brennan et al. Food Engineering Operations xvii. 380 Lagooning is extensively used for the treatment of cannery wastes. 1972J. Skitt Disposal of Refuse & Other Wastes iii. 36 Do not lagoon the top layer. |