| 释义 |
▪ I. lacerate, ppl. a.|ˈlæsərət|
[ad. L. lacerāt-us, pa. pple. of lacerāre to lacerate.]
1. Mangled, torn, lacerated. Also fig. Distracted.
1542Hen. VIII Declar. 205 Our realme hathe ben for a season lacerate and torne by diuersitie of titles. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 281 That this town [Alexandria] should now be brought to so lacerate a condition, that was for many ages one of the most ample. 1805Southey Madoc ii. viii, His hands transfix'd, And lacerate with the body's pendent weight. 1878Symonds Sonn. Campanella xxviii, Now stays with limbs dispersed and lacerate.
2. Bot. and Zool. Having the edge or point irregularly cut or cleft as if torn; jagged.
1776J. Lee Introd. Bot. Expl. Terms 384 Lacerum, lacerate, where the Margin is variously divided, as if torn. 1794Martyn tr. Rousseau's Bot. xxvi. 380 Many varieties..with lacerate leaves and simple ones. 1846Dana Zooph. (1848) 324 Folia thin,..sometimes lacerate.
b. In combining form lacerato-; as lacerato-dentate, lacerato-subdivided.
1846Dana Zooph. (1848) 225 Lamellæ thin, lacerato-dentate. Ibid. 706 Small;..sometimes lacerato-subdivided.
Hence ˈlacerately adv., in a lacerated manner, with laceration.
In recent Dicts.
▪ II. lacerate, v.|ˈlæsəreɪt|
[f. L. lacerāt-, ppl. stem of lacerāre, f. lacer mangled, torn.]
1. trans. To rend, tear, mangle; to tear to pieces, tear up. Also, † to separate by violence.
1592Wilmot, etc. Tancred & Gism. v. i. G 3, The dead corps Which rauenous beasts forbeare to lacerate. 1633Brome Antipodes iv. ix, In signe whereof we lacerate these papers. 1713Derham Phys. Theol. ii. v. 48 If the Heat breaks through the Water with such fury, as to lacerate, and lift up great quantities or bubbles of Water, it causeth what we call Boyling. 1791Cowper Iliad v. 354 He crush'd the socket, lacerated wide Both tendons. 1798Marshall Garden. xviii. (ed. 2) 283 So..the fibres will not be lacerated. 1808J. Barlow Columb. vii. 232 Shells and langrage lacerate the ground. 1868Farrar Silence & V. vi. (1875) 107 If they could show you how their feet have been lacerated by the thorns. 1880Times 18 Sept. 9/4 Jagged rocks..will rend and lacerate the helpless being.
2. With immaterial objects and fig.; esp., to afflict, distress, harrow (the heart).
c1645Howell Lett. (1650) III. 6 The Wars that have lacerated poor Europe. 1773Johnson Let. to Mrs. Thrale 17 Mar., Necessity of attention to the present preserves us..from being lacerated..by sorrow for the past. 1780― Let. to Lawrence 20 Jan. in Boswell, The continuity of being is lacerated. 1863M. E. Braddon Eleanor's Vict. I. ii. 33 How cruelly the old heart was lacerated by that bitter letter. 1871R. W. Dale Ten Commandm. ii. 54 The writers of the New Testament make no attempt to lacerate the heart by insisting on the details of our Lord's sufferings.
Hence ˈlacerating vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1816Byron Parisina xx, Scars of the lacerating mind Which the Soul's war doth leave behind. 1872Geo. Eliot Middlem. lxxxi, Will Ladislaw's lacerating words. 1877Black Green Past. vii. (1878) 54 The lacerating of a mother's heart. 1893Athenæum 19 Aug. 263/3 The lacerating pangs of neuralgia. |