| 释义 |
‖ labium|ˈleɪbɪəm|
[L. = ‘lip’.]
A lip or lip-like part. (Cf. labrum.)
1. Anat.
†a. One of the sides of the aperture of a vein. Obs.
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 28/4 When we bende the elbowe, both the labia or lippes of the vayn do separate themselves.
b. Chiefly in pl. labia, in full labia pudendi: The lips of the female pudendum; the folds of integument on either side of the vulva. Now usu. called in full labia majora, and formerly † labia externa (or external labia). Also (in full labia minora, † smaller labia, † labia interna, inner labia), the two smaller folds of skin situated within the labia majora and extending downwards and backwards from the clitoris: the nymphæ.
The sing. forms labium majus, labium minus occas. occur.
1634A. Read Man. Anat. i. vi. 85 In the externall part..first appeare labia, the lippes which are parted by the magna rima or fossa, the large chinke. 1722Quincy Lex. Physico-Med. (ed. 2) 174 The Labia, or Lips of the great Chink. 1806Med. Jrnl. XV. 21 When the uterus remains within the labia. 1826J. Lizars Syst. Anat. Plates xi. 82 The mucous surface of the labia externa is the seat of syphilitic ulcers. Ibid. 84 The nymphæ, or labia interna. [Note] Syn. Labia pudendi minores: Alæ minores. 1838R. Hunter Text Bk. Human Anat. (ed. 2) ix. 208 Female organs of generation... 1st, the mons veneris—2d, the two labia majora, or labia pudendi—3d, the clitoris, with its prepuce—4th, the two labia minora, or nymphæ—[etc.]. 1845Encycl. Metrop. VII. 493/1 The external or proper labia are thick folds of integument which bound the vulva on either side; and within these are the nymphæ or smaller labia. 1872Thomas Dis. Women 101 An ichorous, fetid, nauseating fluid bathes the labia majora. 1879T. Bryant Pract. Surg. II. 229 In women, the labium may be the seat of an inguinal hernia. 1906H. Ellis Stud. Psychol. Sex V. 134 The inner lips, the nymphæ or labia minora, running parallel with the greater lips which enclose them, embrace the clitoris anteriorly. 1907W. N. Parker tr. R. Wiedersheim's Compar. Anat. Vertebr. (ed. 3) 483 ‘Labia majora’ also occur in certain other Primates, but in most Monkeys ‘labia minora’ are alone present bounding the vulva, and these belong morphologically to the clitoris and not to the scrotal folds. 1936H. M. & A. Stone Marriage Manual iii. 89, I have often seen labia barely a quarter of an inch wide and I have examined women whose inner labia measured two and a half inches in width. 1953A. C. Kinsey et al. Sexual Behav. Human Female xiv. 577 As sources of erotic arousal, the labia minora seem to be fully as important as the clitoris. Ibid. 578 Sometimes the labia [minora] are rhythmically pulled in masturbation. Ibid., We do not yet have evidence that the labia majora contribute in any important way to the erotic responses of the female. 1962Gray's Anat. (ed. 33) 1547 Anteriorly, each labium minus divides into two portions. 1965Masters & Johnson in J. Money Sex Research iv. 67 During the excitement phase of the human sexual response cycle, the labia minora (sex-skin) turn bright pink in color and..engorge to approximately twice their previously normal size.
2. a. In insects, crustaceans, etc., the organ which constitutes the lower covering or ‘floor’ of the mouth and serves as an under lip. (Cf. labrum.)
1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. II. 209 They [Myriapoda] have..a labium or lip without palpi, formed of united portions. 1862in Goldsmith's Nat. Hist. II. 575 The mouth has usually two mandibles, a labium, or lip below, and from three to five pairs of jaws. 1878Bell Gegenbaur's Comp. Anat. 245 When those gnathites are fused in the middle line the so-called labium is formed.
b. Conch. The inner lip of a univalve shell.
1839Sowerby Conch. Man. 54 Labium, or inner lip. Is used to express that side of the aperture which is nearest the axis, and generally contiguous to the body whorl, the lower part of this, when sufficiently distinct from the part which overwraps the body whorl, is called the Columella. 1851Richardson Geol. viii. 240 The labium, or columellar lip.
3. Bot. The lip, esp. the lower or anterior lip, of a labiate corolla. (Cf. galea.)
1823Crabb Technol. Dict., Labium, the Lip, the exterior part of a labiate or ringent corolla. It is distinguished into upper and lower; but sometimes the upper lip is called the labium, and the lower galea. 1880Gray Struct. Bot. 419 A bilabiate corolla or calyx..is cleft into an upper (superior or posterior) and a lower (inferior or anterior) portion or lip (labium).
4. The lip of an organ pipe (Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms). |