| 释义 |
wintergreen|ˈwɪntəgriːn|
[After Du. wintergroen, G. wintergrün.]
1. Name for various plants of low growth or creeping habit whose leaves remain green in winter.
a. Any plant of the genus Pyrola, esp. P. minor, a woodland plant with roundish drooping white flowers. Also applied to plants of the allied genus Chimaphila, as C. (P.) maculata (Spotted W.), and C. (P.) umbellata (Pipsissewa or Prince's Pine).
Also in pl. as a collective name for the order Pyrolaceæ = the suborder Pyroleæ of Ericaceæ.
1548Turner Names of Herbes (E.D.S.) 48 Limonium named of the Herbaries Pyrola, is named in duch winter⁓growen... It maye be called in englishe wyntergrene. 1640Parkinson Theat. Bot. 508 Pyrola nostra vulgaris. Our ordinary Winter greene... Pyrola tenerior. Slender Winter greene. 1771J. R. Forster Flora Amer. Septentr. 20 Pyrola rotundifolia. Winter-green, round-leaved. Virginia. 1814F. Pursh Flora Amer. Septentr. I. 300 Chimaphila maculata... C. corymbosa... Both species are handsome evergreens, and known by the name of Winter-green. 1861S. Thomson Wild Fl. iii. (ed. 4) 222 The Pyrolas, or winter-greens. 1872H. Macmillan True Vine vii. 285 The winter-green and the palmy shield-fern creep into the solitude of the pine⁓wood.
b. The N. American plant Gaultheria procumbens (Aromatic, Creeping, or Spring W.), bearing drooping white flowers and edible scarlet berries; also called Checkerberry, Partridge-berry, Tea-berry, etc.
oil of wintergreen, wintergreen oil, a heavy volatile oil obtained from the leaves of this plant, used medicinally as an aromatic stimulant, and for flavouring confectionery, etc.
1778J. Carver Trav. N. Amer. xix. 509 Winter Green..is an ever-green..found on dry heaths;..in the winter it is full of red berries about the size of a sloe. a1841Bryant Strange Lady 31 Where cornels arch their cool dark boughs o'er beds of winter green. 1845–50A. H. Lincoln Lect. Bot. 121 Among these oils are those of the orange,..peppermint, and wintergreen. 1866Odling Anim. Chem. 87 Wood⁓spirit is a constituent residue of the essential oil of winter⁓green. 1909Chem. & Druggist 20 Feb. 315/1 The methyl salicylate in the wintergreen oil.
c. chickweed wintergreen, either species of Trientalis (T. europæa or americana), woodland plants of high latitudes or altitudes.
1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 332 Winter Green, with Chickweed Flowers. 1789Aiton Hortus Kew. I. 493 Common Trientalis, or Chickweed Winter-green. 1840R. Bremner Excurs. Denmark etc. I. 370 The Wintergreen (Trientalis Europæa), the loveliest of all the flowers of the northern flora.
d. flowering wintergreen, the Fringed Milkwort of N. America, Polygala paucifolia.
1856A. Gray Man. Bot. U.S. (1860) 88.
2. Usually pl. (with hyphen, or as two words). An evergreen. Also fig. ? Obs.
1681Cotton Wond. Peak 83 For Winter-Greens the Yew, Holly, and Box. 1707Mortimer Husb. 383 The best time for the removing of all Trees, except Winter Greens..is either in October or February. 1729Savage Wanderer i. 196 Thick on this Top o'ergrown for Walks are seen Grey, leafless Wood, and winter Greens between! 1850Hawthorne Scarlet Let. Introd. (1883) 33 This Inspector..was..one of the most wonderful specimens of winter-green that you would be likely to discover in a life-time's search.
3. (As two words or hyphened.) Greens for winter use.
1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. 149 Winter greens comprise those varieties of the Brassica tribe, which authors are in the habit of describing as Coleworts, Borecole, Savoys, Scotch Kale, Sprouts, &c. 1886Hardy Woodlanders iv, Rabbits that had been eating the winter-greens in the gardens. |