| 释义 |
▪ I. wicker, n.|ˈwɪkə(r)|
Forms: 4–5 wyker, 4–6 wekir, 6–7 wycker, (5 wikre, wikir, wykyr, qwykyr, wekker, 6 wycre, wykir, -ur, wiker, wikker, wykkyr, wickar, -ir, 7 wykker), 5– wicker.
[East Scandinavian (MSw. and Sw. dial. viker, early Da. viger, Da. dial. vigger willow, osier, branch of willow); f. root of Sw. vika to bend (cf. OE. wícan to give way, collapse, and weak a., woke).]
1. A pliant twig or small rod, usually of willow, esp. as used for making baskets and various other objects; an osier; a withe. Chiefly in pl. (= sense 2).
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. cxxviii. (1495), Suche vessels were fyrste made of tree and of wykers: as panyers, baskettes. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 23385 Whan the smale wikres brak, The hopes wenten al to wrak. 14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 717/25 Hoc vimen, -nis, qwykyr. 1508Dunbar Poems vi. 45 My hert that neuer wes sickir,..Thought I wald bynd it with a wickir. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utopia i. (1895) 31 The sayles were made of greate russhes, or of wyckers, and in some places of lether. 1586Holinshed Chron. III. 861/2 Great images of wickers..made like great men of diuerse strange nations. 1657S. Purchas Pol. Flying-Ins. 58 In our Country, the Hives principally in use, are either made of wickers, or of straw. 1807Crabbe Sir Eustace Grey 247 And stones erect their shadows shed On humble graves, with wickers bound. 1811P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 33 The wickers of the [lobster] pots. 1899P. Kropotkin Mem. Rev. iv. ix. II. 70 To ply the wickers and to shape them into an elegant basket.
b. Such a twig or small branch, as part of the living plant. ? Obs.
1508Dunbar Lament for Makaris 14 As with the wynd wavis the wickir. 1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Esparto, wicker, a kinde of tree whereof they make frailes. 1796Burns Poem on Life iii, Flickering, feeble, and unsicker.., Aye wavering like the willow-wicker.
c. A twig or small branch used as a mark. local.
1825Brockett N.C. Gloss., Wike, Wicker, a mark used in setting out tithes; generally a small branch of a tree.
2. (without pl.) Wickers collectively, or as plaited together; wickerwork.
1336Cal. Docum. Scot. (1887) III. 356 Et stramen, ‘wekirr’ et ‘tempil’ pro coopertura domorum. Ibid., In empcione..de ‘wekir’ et ‘tempil’ per vices xij d. 1491Caxton Vitas Patr. (W. de W. 1495) ii. 227/1 His vessell wherin he weted his wekker & roddes for to make withall panyers maundes & baskettes. 1552–3in Feuillerat Revels Edw. VI (1914) 112, iiijor hampers of wicker to put in thapparrell. 1660Act 12 Chas. II c. 4 Sched. s.v. Bottles, Bottles of Glass covered wth Wicker. 1791Cowper Iliad xviii. 709 Youths and maidens blithe In frails of wicker bore the luscious fruit. 1838Thirlwall Greece xxxi. IV. 203 Shields of wood or wicker, whitened over, were substituted by some for metal armour.
3. A basket, cradle, chair, etc. of wicker.
1646Codrington Earl of Essex 2 To omit the presages..of the promising Madams who rocked his Cradle, I will not say, that in that moving wicker (like another Hercules) hee strangled in each hand the two invading Dragons of transcending Prerogative and Superstition. 1699L. Meager New Art Garden. 40 The Orange-trees..are so tender, that they must be planted in Pots, Wickers, or Wooden Troughs. 1740Somerville Hobbinol. ii. 329 By that illustrious Wicker, where they sate In comely Pride. 1818Keats Endym. i. 137 Each having a white wicker over brimm'd With April's tender younglings. 1861S. Thomson Wild Fl. iii. (ed. 4) 137 Huge wickers of eggs.
4. attrib. Made or consisting of wicker, as a basket, chair, etc.; also, covered with or encased in wicker, as a bottle. See also wickerwork.
1502Privy Purse Exp. Eliz. York (1830) 84 Two wycre bottelles. 1523–4Rec. St. Mary at Hill (1904) 322, ij yerdys of wykur matt. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 358 The..valliaunt warriour, was once wrapped in swathling clowtes, and lay crying in a wicker cradle. 1587A. Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 1315/2 Pendents made of wicker rods. 1596Spenser Prothal. ii, A Flocke of Nymphes..And each one had a little wicker basket, Made of fine twigs. 1603Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 515/2 Ilk hundreth wykker sparris..2 penneis. 1611Middleton & Dekker Roaring Girl K 2, A wicker cage tames a nightingale. 1619Depos. Bk. Archdeac. Essex & Colch. lf. 98 (MS.) We found the said Testatrix sitting in a wicker chayer by the fyer side. 1676Sammes Brit. Antiq. Illustr. I. 105 In sacrificing of Men to their Idols, in a Wicker Image. 1707Mortimer Husb. 203 Wicker-hives made of Privet, Willow, or Harl. 1719De Foe Crusoe i. (Globe) 74 Twigs that would bend to make Wicker Ware. 1822Good Study Med. (1829) V. 338 A wicker basket of palm twigs. 1837Dickens Pickw. xxix, Gabriel Grub..drew forth his wicker bottle. 1891Hardy Tess lii, The wicker-cradle they had all been rocked in.
b. wicker wings, attributed to various sinister creatures.
The source of the allusion is unascertained; connexion with the passage translated in quot. 1837 in c below is improbable.
1637B. Jonson Sad Shepherd i. v, Harke, harke, harke the foule Bird [viz. the screech-owl]..how shee flutters with her wicker wings! 1697Dryden æneis vii. 478 The Fury..on her wicker Wings, sublime through Night, She to the Latian Palace took her Flight. a1729Congreve Imposs. Thing 84 The Goblin plys his wicker wings.
c. Comb., as wicker-bottomed, wicker-cased, wicker-covered, wicker-weaving, wicker-winged, wicker-woven adjs.; wicker-wise adv.
1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede xiv, In the large *wicker-bottomed arm-chair..sat old Martin Poyser.
1870Dickens E. Drood xii, A goodly *wicker-cased bottle.
1848Thackeray Van. Fair xxx, A *wicker-covered flask.
1920Chamb. Jrnl. 28 Feb. 205/1 A *wicker-weaving loom.
1837Wheelwright tr. Aristoph., Birds I. 248 *Wicker-wing'd Diitrephes [Διιτρέϕης γε πυτιναῖα µόνον ἔχων πτερά].
1601Holland Pliny xii. xiv. I. 367 A quilt or mat made of Date-tree twigs, plaited and wound one within another *wicker-wise.
1859Boyd Recreat. Country Parson v. 168 The *wicker-woven box.
▪ II. ˈwicker, v.
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To furnish, fit, cover, or inclose with wicker. (Chiefly in pa. pple.: see also wickered.)
1599B. Jonson Ev. Man out of Hum. i. ii, A mustie bottle, new wickerd. 1670Milton Hist. Eng. ii. 49 Thir Ships of light timber wickerd with Oysier betweene, and coverd over with Leather. 1838Civil Engin. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 275/2 Upon this [sc. a surface of dry moss], hurdles..wickered with heath, were laid. 1882F. M. Crawford Mr. Isaacs xii, High frames made by planting four bamboos in a square and wickering the top.
▪ III. wicker
variant of whicker v., to whinny. |