| 释义 |
kinematic, a. and n.|kaɪnɪˈmætɪk|
[f. Gr. κίνηµα, κῑνηµατ- a motion (f. κῑνεῖν to move) + -ic.]
A. adj.
1. a. Relating to pure motion, i.e. to motion considered abstractly, without reference to force or mass.
1864Athenæum No. 1924. 340/3 Kinematic effects of revolution and rotation. 1879Thomson & Tait Nat. Phil. I. i. 483 The design of a kinematic machine..essentially involves dynamical considerations. 1880Nature XXI. 244/1 M. Mannheim has recently introduced the expression kinematic geometry..dealing with motion independently of forces and times.
b. spec. in Mech. Applied to a set of mechanical elements so disposed in relation to each other that the relative position and motion of each is uniquely determined by the relative position and motion of the other(s).
1876A. B. W. Kennedy tr. Reuleaux's Kinematics of Machinery i. 43 A machine consists solely of bodies which thus correspond, pair-wise, reciprocally. These form the kinematic or mechanismal elements of the machine. Ibid., If a kinematic pair of elements be given, a definite motion can be obtained by means of them if one of the two be held fast or fixed in position. Ibid. 46 The whole now forms a linkage returning upon itself... A combination of pairs of elements in this way we shall call a chain, or more fully a kinematic chain. 1915R. F. McKay Theory of Machines viii. 92 When one of the links of the kinematic chain is fixed, the chain is called a mechanism. When the mechanism transmits force..it is called a machine. 1957R. M. Phelan Fund. Mech. Design i. 1 A chain..in which with one link fixed every point in every other link must move in a definite path is called a constrained or kinematic chain.
2. kinematic viscosity: see viscosity.
B. n. = kinematics.
1873W. K. Clifford Pure Sciences in Contemp. Rev. (1874) Oct. 717 These rules are called the laws of kinematic, or of the pure science of motion. |