| 释义 |
Kimmeridge|ˈkɪmərɪdʒ|
Also Kimeridge.
A village on the Dorsetshire coast, where extensive beds of the Upper Oolite formation are developed. Hence, Kimmeridge clay, a bed of clay in the Upper Oolite containing bituminous shales. Kimmeridge coal, shale of the Kimmeridge clay containing so much bitumen that it may be burnt as coal; Kimmeridge coal money, disks of shale found near Kimmeridge, popularly supposed to have been used as coins by the ancient inhabitants.
Although the village name is now spelt Kimmeridge, the form Kimeridge is current in geological usage, reflecting the former spelling of the name; cf.:—1933 W. J. Arkell Jurassic Syst. Gt. Brit. xiv. 441 The spelling Kimeridge was used by H. B. Woodward.., by Damon.., and by most earlier authorities. The new form Kimmeridge was not heard of before Webster and Buckland introduced it in the [early] nineteenth century and seems to have no justification.1947― Geol. Country around Weymouth (Mem. Geol. Survey Gt. Brit.) v. 68 Inland towards Kimmeridge village. [Note] The name of this village was Cameric in Domesday Book and Kymerich by 1293; by the time of Hutchins' great work on Dorset it had become Kimeridge... The Ordnance map of 1811 (Sheet 16, Old Series) retained one ‘m’, and so did Damon in his Geology of Weymouth (1860 and 1884–8) and H. B. Woodward in ‘The Jurassic Rocks of Britain’, (vol. v, 1895), Mem. Geol. Survey. In the resurvey of 1892 (Sheet 342, New Series), two ‘m's’ were adopted and the Geological Survey followed suit in 1898.
1760Phil. Trans. R. Soc. LI. 549 The Kimeridge [printed Kimendge] coal..appears in most of the cliffs of the isle of Purbeck. 1774J. Hutchins Hist. & Antiquities Dorset I. 194/1 He says the Kimeridge coal, of which I sent him some pieces, is very much like, but not so large as, the Bovey coal. 1814T. Webster in Trans. Geol. Soc. II. 167 Clay with limestone and bituminous shale, containing the Kimeridge coal. 1816― in H. C. Englefield Descr. Isle of Wight 187 The whole of the Kimmeridge strata, consisting of a series of argillaceous and calcareous layers, are situated below the Portland oolite. 1818W. Phillips Selection of Facts Geol. Eng. & Wales 61 The shale is so bituminous as to form a coaly matter of considerable extent near Kimmeridge, whence it is termed the Kimmeridge coal. 1830Phil. Mag. VII. 198 The manner in which the fossils are disposed in the Kimmeridge clay at Havre. 1832H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man (ed. 2) 319 The Kimmeridge clay..has a considerable range, particularly over England and France. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) I. ii. vi. 438 Objects on which the name of Kimmeridge coal-money was conferred. 1855Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. XI. 125 The present example from the Kimmeridge shales appears to be a distinct species. 1860R. Damon Handbk. Geol. Weymouth 54 From the coast of Dorsetshire the Kimeridge clay extends inland, with little interruption, to the coast of Norfolk. 1872Imperial Gazetteer Eng. & Wales I. 1104/2 Bracelets made of the Kimmeridge coal were found in an ancient burial place at Dorchester in 1839. 1923L. D. Stamp Introd. Stratigr. xiv. 230 In the upper part is a band of oil-shale (‘Kimmeridge Coal’). 1931Gregory & Barrett Gen. Stratigr. x. 155 The Kimeridge Clay varies in thickness from 100 ft. in the Midlands to 1250 ft. in the Wealden bore near Hastings. 1946L. D. Stamp Britain's Struct. xii. 135 Almost everywhere the Kimeridge clay coincides with low ground. 1967D. H. Rayner Stratigr. Brit. Isles ix. 303 The thickest sequences of Kimeridge Clay come from Wessex and the Weald;..near the type locality of Kimeridge Bay in east Dorset 1,650 feet are known. 1970Oxford Times 12 June 14 This field was mostly Kimmeridge clay, with some sand at the bottom, and not so intractable as the Oxford clay. |