| 释义 |
relatiˈvistic, a.
[f. relativist n. + -ic.]
1. Of, pertaining to, or characterized by relativism or relativity.
1886Encycl. Brit. XXI. 382/2 The elaborate presentation of sceptical and relativistic arguments. 1917A. S. Pringle-Pattison Idea of God 212, I applied this specially to the case of the secondary qualities which are usually regarded as the stronghold of the relativistic theory. 1937T. Parsons Struct. Soc. Action xiii. 480 On the empirical plane one of the first radical representatives of this relativistic view is Dilthey. 1959A. Brecht Pol. Theory vi. 249 Roscoe Pound..called it futile to wait for a statement of absolutes, and recommended practical work on the basis of our present civilization—again an activity entirely legitimate from the relativistic viewpoint. 1964M. Jacobs Pattern in Cultural Anthropol. xii. 297 No anthropologist lacks admiration for northwestern art work, no matter how ridiculously relativistic his dogma. 1979Sci. Amer. Mar. 94/2 It seems that a much more relativistic process is going on in the visual system. The boundary between each target square and its immediate background gives only the relation between the light reflected by each of these areas. 1981Times Lit. Suppl. 13 Feb. 176/4 In Gulliver's Travels Swift chose the most ‘relativistic’ form, the travel book, in order to attack the root of relativism.
2. Physics.
a. Pertaining to or based on the theory of relativity; modified or formulated according to the assumptions or consequences of the theory of relativity.
special relativistic, general relativistic adjs.: based on or taking account of the special theory (only) or the general theory, respectively, of relativity.
1914L. Silberstein Theory of Relativity iv. 94 It requires, according to the relativistic view itself, some essential, though numerically slight, modifications. 1926Physical Rev. XXVIII. 1070 The relativistic theory of the hydrogen atom is apparently incomplete. 1938Ann. Reg. 1937 355 Heitler and Bhabha..used relativistic quantum mechanics to determine the number of secondary positrons and electrons produced when a fast primary electron passes through matter. 1958Condon & Odishaw Handbk. Physics ii. 19 The constancy of v4 implies a constant ratio between classical time t and relativistic proper time τ. 1970Nature 17 Oct. 273/1 The rectilinear Galilean transformation was discarded by Einstein in favour of the special-relativistic (Lorentz) transformation to a uniformly moving frame. 1972Ibid. 18 Feb. 361/2 The theory of black holes..may perhaps be considered as one of the aspects of general-relativistic physics which is better understood. 1974G. Reece tr. Hund's Hist. Quantum Theory vii. 99 Sommerfeld applied his theory, which took account of the relativistic correction, to the X-ray term.
b. Characterized by or designating circumstances, esp. those involving speeds approaching that of light or large gravitational potentials, in which discrepancies between the predictions of the theory of relativity and of Newtonian mechanics or classical electromagnetism become significant.
1934Discovery Oct. 285/2 He examined the principles of thermodynamics as they apply in a relativistic universe. 1964Astrophysical Jrnl. CXXXIX. 925 It has been argued in the past that the energy of the relativistic particles associated with the Crab cannot be greater than the kinetic energy of the filaments; otherwise the nebula would expand faster than it is observed to do. This argument is only corrected, however, if the relativistic particles are trapped within the filaments. 1967Ibid. CL. 1005 To extend these results on neutron and supermassive star models to arbitrarily relativistic stars rotating with arbitrary angular velocity is a problem which..is numerically complicated. 1973C. W. Misner et al. Gravitation xxiv. 633 The relativistic instability occurs far outside the Schwarzschild radius when the star is very massive... Rotation can stabilize it against relativistic collapse for a while. 1978Astrophysical Jrnl. CCXXIII. 14 Fragmentation of a relativistic shock wave in either the free expansion or the self-similar blast wave solutions probably cannot be avoided.
Hence relatiˈvistically adv.
1947Physical Rev. LXXII. 340/1 Relativistically, ν should be replaced by cα. 1955L. D. Landau in W. Pauli Niels Bohr 52 Perturbation theory has been reconstructed in a relativistically invariant way. 1970Nature 17 Oct. 271/1 To discuss the recoil relativistically we must speak of 4-momentum. |