| 释义 |
Whitworth|ˈhwɪtwəθ|
[f. name of the inventor: see below.]
a. In full, Whitworth gun or Whitworth rifle: A form of rifle (either cannon or small arm) invented by Sir Joseph Whitworth of Manchester (1854), having a hexagonal bore with a rapid twist, and firing an elongated shot. Also attrib.
Whitworth metal or Whitworth steel, a specially strong make of steel cast under hydraulic pressure, used for ordnance and for other purposes.
1858Greener Gunnery 380 The Whitworth has also a greater range, but at a cost of 300 per cent. more friction... The production of the Whitworth rifle will always be looked upon as an experiment of very great interest. 1860All Year Round No. 73. 549 The Armstrong gun..is a built gun..; the Whitworth is a casting of what is called ‘homogeneous iron’. 1863in Harvard Mem. Biogr. (1866) I. 251 One family had a Whitworth shot through their house yesterday. 1868Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. Not. & Abstr. 195 No. 1 projectile is Whitworth steel. 1869Ibid. (1870) 439 A projectile of ‘Whitworth’ metal. 1902P. Marshall Metal Working Tools 63 For very small threads up to about 1/4 in. diameter, the British Association thread is generally used, while beyond this size the Whitworth Standard is the best.
b. Used attrib. and † in the possessive to designate a series of screw threads proposed by Whitworth in 1841 (and later additions to it), fasteners having one of these threads, and tools for use with the fasteners.
[1841Proc. Inst. Civil Engineers I. 157 (heading) ‘On an uniform system of screw threads.’ By Joseph Whitworth.] 1877Calvert's Mechanics' Almanack 4 The terms, ‘Whitworth's Threads’, ‘Whitworth Taps’..have sprung from the lips of all concerned with the iron trade. 1916Proc. Inst. Automobile Engineers XI. 176 We all imagined that the Whitworth system for the larger sizes of screws was so perfect that there would be no difficulty in making sure that Whitworth nuts would fit Whitworth bolts sufficiently well for all practical purposes. 1968J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts 160 Until the advent of the Whitworth thread, which standardized threads all over the country, it was the practice for smiths to tap their own threads. 1970Kay & Co. (Worcester) Catal. 1970–71 Autumn/Winter 770/2 Ring Spanners... Available in Whitworth, AF or Metric sizes. 1972Practical Motorist Oct. 209/1 Whitworth fasteners are no longer in general use, although you will encounter them on older cars. |