| 释义 |
▪ I. relate, n.|rɪˈleɪt|
Also 7 relat.
[ad. L. relātus, -a, -um, pa. pple. of referre, taken substantively: see relate v.]
†1. A relation, relative. Obs.
1651Fuller's Abel Rediv., Beza (1867) II. 218, I am he To whom an infant can no relate be. 1656S. H. Gold. Law 75 Nor were his neer relates, Aaron and Miriam, favoured.
2. Logic. One of two objects of thought between which a relation subsists.
1633Ames Agst. Cerem. i. 31 All relates are mutuall causes one of another. 1697tr. Burgersdicius' Logic i. vii. 23 If the Relation..has a Name, one of the two is called the Relate, to wit, that from which the Relation has its name; the other, the Correlate. 1883Gilman in Studies in Logic 108 The number of instances in which the relation P′ occurs having a relate which is an object in the universe.
▪ II. † reˈlate, ppl. a. Obs. rare—1.
[ad. L. relātus, pa. pple. of referre: see next.]
Related.
1658Phillips Myst. Love 269 The enunciate of a relate quality is of this kinde, whose conjunction is the relation itself.
▪ III. relate, v.|rɪˈleɪt|
[f. L. relāt-, ppl. stem of referre to refer. Cf. F. relater (14th c.).]
I. trans.
†1. In pass.
a. To be borne or thrust in between things. Obs. rare—1.
1490Caxton Eneydos xxii. 78 The more thicke & depper ben his rotes spred wythin therthe, & related bytwyx the harde roches.
b. To be referred or put into a class. Obs.—1
1542Becon Pathw. Prayer vii. Wks. 1564 I. 64 Who would not haue thought thys holy religious father worthy to be canonised and related into the nomber of Saynctes?
2. a. To recount, narrate, tell, give an account of (actions, events, facts, etc.). † Also with dative pron. (quot. 1652).
1530Palsgr. 684/1, I wolde nat relate the mater otherwyse than I herde it for all the good in the worlde. 1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. i. i. 3 b, Letters..wherein hee related and fully declared..what hee had seene in the Indias. 1652J. Wright tr. Camus' Nat. Paradox xii. 328 Hee took the pains to relate him every particular that had pass'd since his imprisonment. 1695Woodward Nat. Hist. Earth i. (1723) 1 Observations..both carefully made and faithfully Related. 1749Fielding Tom Jones viii. x, If you desire..to hear the story of an unhappy man, I will relate it to you. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 42 He came to me one day and related his whole situation. 1887Bowen Virg. æneid ii. 548 Take these tidings thou, and relate this news to my sire.
†b. With compl.; also const. inf. Obs. rare.
1622Drayton Poly-olb. xxiv. 593 This man with those before, most worthily related Arch-saints, as in their Sees Arch-bishops consecrated. 1656Stanley Hist. Philos. v. (1701) 155/1 Plato was out of doubt an Athenian, nor are they to be credited who relate him a Theban. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 22 They relate Dalatia in æthiopia, to be opposite to Meka.
†c. To give an account of (a person). Obs.
1653Holcroft Procopius Pref., Procopius..impartially discoursing of Justinian, and the great ones, doth as much arraign, as relate them to posterity. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 604 What thought can measure thee or tongue Relate thee.
†d. refl. To unburden (oneself) to. Obs. rare—1.
1625Bacon Ess., Friendship (Arb.) 175 A Man were better relate himselfe, to a Statua, or Picture, then to suffer his Thoughts to passe in smother.
†3. To bring back, restore. Obs. rare—1.
1590Spenser F.Q. iii. viii. 51 Abate Your zealous hast, till morrow next againe Both light of heven and strength of men relate.
†4.
a. To refer (a person) to a book, etc. Obs.
1657J. Sergeant Schism Dispach't 355 Gulling the unwary Reader that all is pure scripture,..relating us to a place where the most important words are wanting.
†b. To adduce, cite (an authority). Obs.—1
1604T. Wright Passions (1620) 311 Galen, to this purpose, relateth Aesop, who said [etc.].
5. a. To bring (a thing or person) into relation to another.
1697J. Sergeant Solid Philos. 455 But so does the Thing infer the Word too, to which we..do relate it. 1833Chalmers Const. Man i. iii. (1834) I. 139 The law which relates an object, whether present or thought upon, to its appropriate emotion. 1866Howells Venet. Life 176 He pretends to relate the truth you feel to certain moral and religious conditions.
refl.1856Masson Ess. Biog. & Crit. 22 How, then, did Shakespeare relate himself to this concrete world of nature? 1879M. Arnold Mixed Ess. 187 It is not fully clear how they [words] relate themselves to the context.
b. To connect, to establish a relation between.
1771Luckombe Hist. Printing 267 A Point of more elevation than a Comma, which helps to relate the matter more distinctly. 1846Grove Corr. Phys. Forces 38 Volta..first enabled us definitely to relate the forces of chemistry and electricity. 1889E. Caird Philos. Kant I. i. i. 273 If we hold Kant to the distinction which he makes between perception and conception, it seems impossible to relate them.
II. intr.
6. Law. To refer back, to have application to an earlier date. (Cf. relation 4 b.)
1596Bacon Max. & Use Com. Law ii. (1636) 41 It hath beene much doubted by the law bookes whether the lord's title by escheat shall relate back to the time of the offence done. 1598Termes Lawes 162 Petitions of parlement, to which y⊇ Queene assents on y⊇ last day of parlement shal relate and be of force from the first day of the beginning of the Parlement. 1885Sir J. F. Stephen in Law Times Rep. LIII. 781/1 A change of mind after an innocent taking does not relate back to the innocent taking and make it felonious.
7. a. To have reference to.
1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. i. iii. 323 This challenge that the gallant Hector sends..Relates in purpose onely to Achilles. 1641Heylin Hist. Episc. i. (1642) 114 There was nothing left at random which either did relate to government or point of Doctrine. 1711Addison Spect. No. 46 ⁋5, I shall only give him the Letters which relate to the two last Hints. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) III. 26 The following paragraph, relating to Cromwell. 1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 12 A great variety of anecdotes relating to the transmutation of metals. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 499 Old persons are quick to see and hear all that relates to them.
†b. To be of interest or important to. Obs.—1
1654–66Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 565 Can you then believe, whilst I have an existence, that your perpetual imprisonment would but relate unto your self?
†8. Of persons: To make reference to. Obs.
1637Heylin Antid. Lincoln. Pref. A 7 b, I relate onely in this Antidote to the first Edition. 1655Fuller Hist. Cambr. 2 The Poet, who herein seems to relate to the Hebrew and Greek Professors founded in his dayes at Cambridge.
9. a. To be related, have relation, stand in some relation, to another thing († person or place).
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 105 Station is properly no rest but one kinde of motion, relating unto that which Physitians..doe name extensive or tonicall. 1671in Cosin's Corr. (Surtees) II. 266 Be diligent in searching your Audit-books, and inquireing of all persons that related to my predecessor. 1739Cibber Apol. (1756) II. 140 All who related to the Black-friers..are now dead and almost forgotten. 1742Pope Dunc. iv. 235 The critic Eye..examines bit by bit: How parts relate to parts, or they to whole.
†b. Of streams: To be united to larger rivers or the sea. Obs. (Only in Walton.)
1653Walton Angler iii. 85 In divers Rivers, especially that relate to, or be near to the Sea. 1676Ibid. i. xvii. (1881) 205 Case-worms, that are to be found..in several little brooks that relate to bigger rivers.
c. To feel affectively involved or connected with someone or something; to have an attitude of personal and sympathetic relationship to.
1950Childhood Educ. Nov. 115/1 Group formation such as takes place in the classroom tends to be adult-centered and dependent upon the varying ways children relate to the teacher. 1965Listener 10 June 864/2 Attitudes to other people at the unconscious level appropriate to an early stage of infancy, of the time before we learnt the capacity to relate. to whole persons. 1966New Statesman 14 Oct. 549/1 The Civic Action now begins As friends and former foe relate. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 13 Feb. 33/8 (Advt.), Candidates should..be able to relate to senior officers of the University. 1969C. Davidson in Cockburn & Blackburn Student Power 361 If we only relate to on-campus issues, we run the risk of laying the counter-revolutionary groundwork. 1971Guardian 7 Jan. 8/3 Married people can still relate. 1971M. Spark Not to Disturb iii. 89 ‘What do you mean, I don't relate?’ she says. ‘When you relate you don't ask what you mean. There's such a thing as a trend.’ ‘Who do you think you are, you—Chairman Mao?’ 1977J. L. Houlden Patterns of Faith ii. 20 It is possible to relate to him [sc. God] and..a Christian is one who finds that the relating is best done in ways that bear on the figure of Jesus.
†10. To discourse; to give an account. Obs.
1608Shakes. Per. iii. Prol. 55, I nill relate, action may Conueniently the rest conuay. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 373, I might relate of thousands. Ibid. viii. 51 Adam relating, she sole Auditress. 1747Chesterfield Lett. (1792) I. cxxviii. 343, I have Arguses..who will watch you narrowly and relate to me faithfully.
†11. To treat or negotiate with one. Obs.—1.
1631Weever Anc. Funeral Mon. 758 The said Germane Waldgraue related with Waldgraue of Northamptonshire, concerning the marriage of his said daughter.
†12. To appear, be evident. Obs. rare—1.
1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. Man. i. i. 302 It hath been most clearly manifested..to that most ingenious Venetian Paul Sarpias Fulgentius, as relates from his papers. |