| 释义 |
kaross|kəˈrɒs|
Forms: α. 8 krosse, cross, 8–9 kross; β. 8– kaross, 9 caross, karross.
[South African karos: see note below.]
A mantle (or sleeveless jacket) made of the skins of animals with the hair on, used by the Hottentots and other peoples of South Africa.
α1731Medley tr. Kolben's Cape G. Hope I. 187 Their Krosses (as the Hottentots term them) or mantles, cover the trunk of their bodies. 1775Masson in Phil. Trans. LXVI. 295 These Hottentots were all cloathed in crosses, or mantles, made of the hides of oxen. 1785G. Forster tr. Sparrman's Voy. Cape G. Hope in 1772, etc. II. v. 187 These cloaks or Krosses, as they call them in broken Dutch. 1814Thunberg Acc. Cape in Pinkerton's Voy. XVI. 33 The sheepskin, which they call a Kross. 1839Marryat Phant. Ship x, They wore not their sheepskin krosses.
β1785G. Forster tr. Sparrman's Voy. Cape G.H. (1786) I. 188 The women have a long peak to their karosses. 1822W. J. Burchell Trav. I. 267 The kaross, a genuine Hottentot dress, made of sheepskin prepared with the hair on, was pretty much used by both sexes. 1824Ibid. II. 350 Kaross and kobo are but two words for the same thing: the former belongs to the Hottentot, and the latter to the Sichuana language. 1834Pringle Afr. Sk. i. 132 Dressed in the old sheep-skin mantle or caross. 1880Sir S. Lakeman What I saw in Kaffir-Land 58 Blankets and karosses were also left behind.
Comb.1883J. Mackenzie Day-dawn in Dark Places 170 Disturbed..in their skin-dressing and kaross-making.
[Not a Bantu word, and app. not Hottentot. In W. Ten Rhyne's vocabulary of 1673 (in Churchill's Voy. IV. 845) ‘Karos colobium’ (i.e. a jacket without sleeves or with arm⁓holes) is placed among the ‘Corrupt Dutch Words’, which are separated from the ‘Original Hottentot Words’. In Sparrman's Voy. 1772–6 (see quot. 1785) it is called ‘broken Dutch’. P. Kolbe (1745, in Astley's Voyages III. 351) gives the name of kut-kros to the skin-apron worn by women, and kul-kros to that of the men: in these the first element is Dutch. But it has not been ascertained of what Dutch word kros or karos could be a corruption. (Mr. James Platt, to whom these data for the history of the word are due, has suggested the possibility of its representing Du. kuras, or Pg. couraça, Sp. coraza, cuirass. (Ten Rhyne's ‘Corrupt Dutch Words’ include krallen, kraal, really from Sp. corral, Pg. curral.) See Notes and Queries 9th Ser. V. 125, 236; Athenæum 19 May 1900.) But Hesseling, Het Afrikaansch (Leiden 1899) 81, thinks the word Hottentot.] |