| 释义 |
‖ kamikaze|kæmɪˈkɑːziː|
Also with capital initial.
[Jap., ‘divine wind’, f. kami god, kami + kaze wind.
The word was originally used in Jap. lore with reference to the supposed divine wind which blew on a night in August 1281, destroying the navy of the invading Mongols.]
A. n.
1. ‘The wind of the gods’ (see small-type note above).
1896L. Hearn Kokoro x. 137 That mighty wind still called Kami-kazé,—‘the Wind of the Gods’, by which the fleets of Kublai Khan were given to the abyss. Ibid., But..the Kami-kazé did not come. 1970J. W. Hall Japan vii. 93 The ‘divine wind’ (kamikaze) which Japan's protective kami had generated against its enemies.
2. One of the Japanese airmen who in the war of 1939–45 made deliberate suicidal crashes into enemy targets (usu. ships).
b. An aircraft, usu. loaded with explosives, used in such an attack. Also transf.
1945Newsweek 27 Aug. 25 As a British task force was hoisting victory pennants a Kamikaze darted out of the clouds toward the ship. 1952Time 22 Dec. 17/1 No land⁓based bomber—including the Japanese Kamikaze—has ever sunk a U.S. carrier while the carrier was traveling in a task group. 1954Time 4 Jan. 67/1 Fleets of Kamikazes plunged out of the sky, their suicidal pilots aiming their bomb loads at the destroyers. 1959Sunday Times 5 Apr. 13/5 The Kamikaze hit the bridge, killing thirty and wounding eighty-seven. 1964Sun-Herald (Sydney) 21 June 28/2 Three Australian guards and more than 200 kamikazes died. 1971Observer 28 Nov. 3/6 The stand of the kamikazes means that in any critical division the Government is assured of a working majority.
3. Surfing. (See quots.)
1963Pix 28 Sept. 62/3 Kamikaze: riding the nose with the hands in cross across chest. 1967J. Severson Great Surfing Gloss., Kamikaze, a planned wipe-out; taken on purpose with no hope of saving the board or avoiding the swim. 1970Studies in English (Univ. of Cape Town) I. 32 A kamikaze occurs when the surfer takes a wipe-out fair on the nose of his surfboard.
B. adj.
1. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a kamikaze (sense 2, above).
1946Chem. & Engin. News XXIV. 1030/2 The Army and Navy..provided protective [smoke] screens against the Kamikaze attack of the Japanese. 1954P. K. Kemp Fleet Air Arm 203 A Kamikaze, or suicide, plane dived into the base of H.M.S. Indefatigable's island. 1956A. H. Compton Atomic Quest iv. 225 Japan's one great new weapon was her ‘kamikaze’ planes, loaded with bombs and guided to their targets by heroic suicide pilots. 1960Spectator 3 June 803 With the suicidal self confidence of kamikaze pilots ramming an aircraft-carrier. 1966New Scientist 11 Aug. 305/3 After the mobilization of the bedbugs for guard duties in Vietnam comes news of kamikaze porpoises. 1974Illustr. London News Feb. 25/3 Newspaper speculation that kamikaze dolphins, with explosives strapped to them, had been trained to ram and destroy enemy craft.
2. transf. and fig. Reckless, dangerous, or potentially self-destructive (lit. and fig.).
a1963S. Plath Ariel (1965) 23, I have taken a pill to kill The thin Papery feeling. Saboteur, Kamikaze man. 1963Punch 16 Jan. 81/3 One of the Kamikaze apes at the RAF's Central Ape School. 1964J. H. Roberts Q Document (1965) viii. 198 The Ginza was crowded... The kamikaze cabs did not seem to be affected..by the condition of the streets. They followed the same erratic courses through the staggered lines of more cautious drivers. 1966L. Cohen Beautiful Losers (1970) i. 92 Kamikaze insects splashed against the glass. 1967Telegraph (Brisbane) 5 Apr. 8/1 No one is too anxious to be a ‘Kamikaze kid’, and take on a seat without hopes. 1968Evening Standard 29 Aug. 13/3 He developed a contempt for the kamikaze liberals who prefer glorious defeat to sensible accommodation. 1974D. Seaman Bomb that could Lip-Read xi. 88 The Royal Army Ordnance Corps—not normally looked upon as a kamikaze outfit—supplies two such [bomb disposal] units, the only ones in the whole British Army. |